Exploring the Synergy: Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Steel and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Reinforced Slab Incorporating Alccofine and M-Sand

Introduction: This study investigates the Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Steel and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Reinforced Slab Incorporating Alccofine and M-sand. Objective: Specific objectives include evaluating the mechanical properties and structural behaviour of steel and GFRP-reinforced one-way slabs and comparing experimental and theoretical predictions. Methods: Four different mix proportions were arrived at, comprising both conventional concrete and Alccofine-based concrete. In each formulation, a combination of normal river sand and M-sand was utilized. Results: Concrete with Alccofine exhibits superior mechanical properties, while M-sand incorporation minimally affects strength but reduces reliance on natural sand. GFRP-reinforced slabs display distinct brittle behaviour with significant deflections post-cracking, contrasting steel-reinforced slabs’ gradual, ductile failure. Discrepancies between experimental data and design recommendations underscore the need for guideline refinement. Conclusion: Alccofine and M-sand enhance concrete properties, but reinforcement type significantly influences slab behaviour. GFRP-reinforced slabs, though exhibiting lower values than steel, offer advantages in harsh environments, warranting further optimization.

PC箱梁桥火灾爆炸联合作用下损伤效应研究

利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立了预应力混凝土(prestressed concrete,PC)箱梁桥三维有限元模型,采用隐式分析方法对PC箱梁桥进行单独火灾分析,得到其在不同时刻下的温度及热应力的分布特征,采用显式分析方法对PC箱梁桥进行单独爆炸分析,得到其在不同爆炸当量下的局部破坏特征以及整体位移情况.随后,对综合考虑高温和高应变率效应的混凝土本构模型和钢材本构模型进行试验验证,在得到可靠性结果的基础上对PC箱梁桥进行火灾爆炸联合作用分析.结果表明:发生桥上火灾时,桥面板的热应力重分布现象应该得到关注,桥上火灾热应力随着燃烧时间的推移,顶板和翼缘板应力下降程度要大于腹板上方混凝土应力下降程度,桥面板的热应力使得在爆炸的过程中会出现小当量炸药也能造成箱梁顶板严重局部损伤的现象.发生小当量爆炸时,若燃烧持续时间较短,材料产生的高热应力起主导作用,从而在后续爆炸过程中对顶板造成严重的局部损伤,但整体位移与常温爆炸相似;若燃烧持续时间较长,材料的高温软化效应起主导作用,顶板损伤情况有所减小,但整体位移会增大.发生大当量爆炸时,无论是材料产生的高热应力还是材料的高温软化均会造成箱梁顶板的严重破损,冲击波在箱梁的聚集作用下冲击底板与腹板交界处,最终底板坍塌.从热应力分布现象和爆炸局部破坏特征来看,单箱多室的箱梁桥可以适当提高抗爆性.

PC钢棒-钢筋混合配筋混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

为研究预应力混凝土用钢棒(steel bar for prestressed concrete, PC钢棒)-钢筋混合配筋混凝土柱的抗震性能,设计制作了5根相同尺寸、相同纵筋配筋率、不同PC钢棒替代率的PC钢棒-钢筋混合配筋混凝土柱试件,通过拟静力试验研究了PC钢棒替代率对试件抗震性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着PC钢棒替代率的提高,试件的裂缝分布高度降低,裂缝数量变少,滞回曲线的饱满程度逐渐降低,耗能能力降低,残余位移角减小,自复位能力增强;当PC钢棒的替代率不大于50%时,各试件的峰值荷载接近;当PC钢棒的替代率大于50%时,试件的峰值荷载随PC钢棒替代率的增大而提高;当加载位移角相同且不大于1.0%时,配置PC钢棒的混凝土柱的残余位移角较为接近,且明显小于未配置PC钢棒的钢筋混凝土柱的残余位移角;当加载位移角相同且大于1%时,柱的残余位移角随着PC钢棒替代率的增高而降低。

BFPC固定结合面虚拟材料热特性参数建模

为确定含有玄武岩纤维树脂混凝土(basalt fiber polymer concrete,BFPC)固定结合面的机床基础件热特性参数,基于虚拟材料法建立了含有BFPC固定结合面组件的仿真模型,并对其热特性进行仿真分析;设计制造了含有BFPC固定结合面的组件,通过实验方法研究组件的热特性。将仿真分析和实验研究的结果进行对比,分析表明:两种方法得到的组件在不同时刻的温度场具有一致性,且仿真与对应实验点温度的误差不大于8.57%,证明了所建立的BFPC固定结合面虚拟材料参数模型的准确性,以及基于此采用虚拟材料法对含有BFPC固定结合面组件进行热特性仿真分析的精确性和有效性。

装配式混凝土PC构件施工技术及力学性能分析

为高效而精确地完成装配式混凝土结构的施工,以中建东湖锦城项目为载体对装配式混凝土PC构件的施工技术进行了分析,尤其是装配式混凝土PC构件起吊安装定位和标高等施工控制,同时进行了力学计算分析。工程实践表明,装配式混凝土PC构件的应用可提高施工效率和节约施工时间。

基于混凝土损伤塑性模型的弯曲损伤RC/PC桥梁动力学特性研究

基于混凝土损伤塑性模型,通过数值模拟研究了带有弯曲损伤的RC/PC桥梁动力学特性的退化情况.首先,提出了适用于RC/PC桥梁非线性振动分析的数值模型构建方法.其次,通过RC简支梁受弯破坏试验,将试验结果与数值模拟结果进行比较,验证了数值模型的准确性.最后,基于厦门快速公交系统中某一联三跨PC连续梁桥建立了三维有限元模型,研究其在不同弯曲损伤程度下前三阶频率和振型的变化情况.结果表明,带有弯曲损伤的RC/PC桥梁的动力学特性会随着损伤程度的增加而呈现不同程度的改变.带有混凝土裂缝的桥梁的微幅振动仍然是线性的,然而随着振幅的增大频率开始降低,使振动呈现出非线性.此外,当裂缝闭合时,前三阶自振频率与振型变化不明显,难以用于识别弯曲损伤;当裂缝张开时,前三阶自振频率与振型出现明显变化,可作为损伤检测指标来识别损伤.

FRP约束UHPC圆形短柱轴心受压性能研究

为研究纤维增强复合材料(FRP)种类、FRP层数和钢纤维体积掺量对超高性能混凝土(UHPC)圆形短柱轴压性能的影响,对21个FRP约束UHPC圆形短柱进行轴心受压试验,分析试件的失效破坏特征及受力机理,研究各参数对试件极限强度和极限应变的影响规律.研究结果表明:FRP层数的增加可以提高UHPC圆形短柱的极限强度,试件C12、C22、C32的极限强度比C11、C21、C31分别提高了17.8%、25.4%、23.4%;钢纤维体积掺量的增加可以使UHPC圆形短柱的极限强度和极限应变得到提高,并可以在一定程度上改善试件的脆性,试件C31的极限强度和极限应变比试件C21分别提高了2.9%和15.1%,比试件C11分别提高了4.7%和50%;在FRP层数和钢纤维体积掺量相同的情况下,碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)对圆形短柱极限强度的改善程度明显优于玻璃纤维增强复合材料(GFRP),试件C11、C12和C13的极限强度比试件G11、G12和G13的分别提高了9.7%、7.8%和7.2%;考虑钢纤维的约束影响,提出FRP约束UHPC圆形短柱的抗压强度和极限应变的计算模型,并进一步给出FRP约束UHPC的本构模型.

Compressive Performance of Fiber Reinforced Recycled Aggregate Concrete by Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer-Polyvinyl Chloride Composite Jackets

The development of recycled aggregate concrete(RAC)provides a new approach to limiting the waste of natural resources.In the present study,the mechanical properties and deformability of RACs were improved by adding basalt fibers(BFs)and using external restraints,such as a fiber-reinforced polymer(FRP)jacket or a PVC pipe.Samples were tested under axial compression.The results showed that RAC(50%replacement of aggregate)containing 0.2%BFs had the best mechanical properties.Using either BFs or PVC reinforcement had a slight effect on the loadbearing capacity and mode of failure.With different levels of BFs,the compressive strengths of the specimens reinforced with 1-layer and 3-layer basalt fiber reinforced polymer(BFRP)increased by 6.7%–10.5%and 16.5%–23.7%,respectively,and the ultimate strains increased by 48.5%–80.7%and 97.1%–141.1%,respectively.The peak stress of the 3-layer BFRP-PVC increased by 42.2%,and the ultimate strain improved by 131.3%,relative to the control.This reinforcement combined the high tensile strength of BFRP,which improved the post-peak behavior,and PVC,which enhanced the structural durability.In addition,to investigate the influence of the various constraints on compressive behavior,the stress-strain response was analyzed.Based on the analysis of experimental results,a peak stress-strain model and an amended ultimate stress-strain model were proposed.The models were verified as well;the result showed that the predictions from calculations are generally consistent with the experimental data(error within 10%).The results of this study provide a theoretical basis and reference for future applications of fiber-reinforced recycled concrete.

Compressive Strength Estimation for the Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP)-Confined Concrete Columns with Different Shapes Using Artificial Neural Networks

An evaluation of existing strength of concrete columns confined with fiber-reinforced polymer( FRP) was presented with extensive collection of experimental data. According to the evaluation results, artificial neural networks( ANNs) model to predict the ultimate strength of FRP confined column with different shapes was proposed. The models had seven inputs including the column length,the tensile strength of the FRP in the hoop direction,the total thickness of FRP,the diameter of the concrete specimen,the elastic modulus of FRP,the corner radius and the concrete compressive strength. The compressive strength of the confined concrete was the output data. The results reveal that the proposed models have good prediction and generalization capacity with acceptable errors.

助力汽车座舱消音降噪,ELIX Polymers推出特殊牌号ABS及PC/ABS

ELIX Polymers公司近期开发了一系列特殊等级的ABS和PC/ABS,以减少汽车座舱内不同塑料零件以及塑料零件与皮革、PVC箔或其他产品接触时产生的杂音。在汽车座舱内部,这些噪音会对驾驶的舒适性以及驾驶员对汽车质量的感知产生负面影响。

PCS/VHPCS复相碳化硅先驱体的制备及性质研究

固态聚碳硅烷和全氢聚碳硅烷是目前研究较多的聚合物碳化硅陶瓷先驱体,在碳化硅陶瓷及其复合材料的制备方面具有广泛应用。制备了由不同比例固态聚碳硅烷(PCS)和乙烯基全氢聚碳硅烷(VHPCS)组成的复相碳化硅陶瓷先驱体,并对先驱体及其裂解产物的理化性质以及结构等进行了研究。研究表明,当PCS引入量低于30 wt.%时,PCS/VHPCS复相先驱体黏度低于200mPa·s;当PCS引入量低于20wt.%时,陶瓷产率可达到80%以上。PCS/VHPCS复相先驱体陶瓷产物为半结晶状β-SiC,晶粒尺寸较小,无明显晶界出现,且元素分布均匀,碳硅比低于PCS衍生陶瓷。

Theoretical study on constitutive relationship of fiber reinforced polymer confined concrete

We proposed a bilinearity constitutive curve model of fiber reinforced polymer(FRP) confined concrete which includes a parabola in the first stage and a straight line in the second stage. The FRP-confined concrete has powerful confinement status and weak confinement status leading to different equations of parabola. We analyzed the impacts of factors such as confinement ratio and restrain stiffness on confined concrete compressive strength,ultimate strain and other control parameters through finite element analysis. The results show that the confinement ratio determines the confinement status,and the increase of the confinement ratio has a limited capacity to increase the compressive strength. The deformation of confined concrete is influenced by restrain stiffness. The stronger the restrain stiffness is,the less the lateral deformation is and the greater ultimate axial strain will be. The consideration of equivalent section coefficient kse is needed in the non-circular section confined concrete. We analyzed the results and proposed boundary values of strong and weak confinement styles,a peak/inflection point stress and strain model,and a compressive strength and ultimate strain model.

Shear strengthening of pre-damaged reinforced concrete beams with carbon fiber reinforced polymer sheet strips

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on the response of pre-damaged reinforced concrete （RC） beam strengthened in shear using applied-epoxy unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer （CFRP） sheet. The reasearch included four test rectangular simply supported RC beams in shear capacity. One is the control beam, two RC beams are damaged to a predetermined degree from ultimate shear capacity of the control beam, and the last beam is left without pre-damaged and then strengthened with using externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer to upgrade their shear capacity. We focused on the damage degree to beams during strengthening, therefore, only the beams with sidebonded CFRPs strips and horizontal anchored strips were used. The results show the feasibility of using CFRPs to restore or increase the load-carrying capacity in the shear of damaged RC beams. The failure mode of all the CFRP-strengthened beams is debonding of CFRP vertical strips. Two prediction available models in AC1-440 and fib European code were compared with the experimental results.

Investigating Some Parameters Affecting Flexural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Laminate

In this paper,the influence of some important parameters affecting the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams strengthened with one layer of carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP)laminate has been studied.For this purpose,six reinforced concrete beams were cast and tested in the laboratory.Based on the obtained data,when CFRP laminate is applied to the tension face,too close to the steel rebar,the flexural strength of the strengthened beam is reduced.In general,the performance of the beam strengthened with one wide CFRP strip is better than that strengthened with two equivalent narrow strips.Ultimate load capacity of each strengthened beam was calculated based on the method given by the ACI 440.2R and compared with the test one.It is concluded that,to avoid the steel rebar-CFRP laminate interaction effect,the CFRP laminate depth-to-the effective depth ratio(df/d)should not be smaller than about 1.17.

纳米晶核剂在PC构件生产中的应用研究

本文通过自制纳米早强晶核剂,研究了纳米早强晶核剂对水泥水化进程和混凝土早期的力学性能的影响,并探索了纳米晶核剂在PC构件实际生产中的应用。试验结果表明,纳米早强晶核剂可以显著促进水泥水化,缩短了水泥水化诱导期。掺入1%的纳米晶核剂,混凝土的早期强度得到显著提高,7 h抗压强度即可达到15 MPa,较空白提高150%。纳米晶核剂应用于PC构件生产,可明显缩短PC构件脱模时间,且对PC构件表观质量无负面影响。

SAP预湿水量对UHPC性能的影响

研究了高吸水性树脂(SAP)的预湿水量(0、20、30、40 kg/m3)对超高性能混凝土(UHPC)工作性、力学性能和收缩性能的影响。结果表明:随着SAP预湿水量的增加,UHPC的初始和3 h扩展度均增加,3 d和28 d抗压强度均降低,且3 d抗压强度降低更明显,自收缩值降低,干燥收缩值增大。

Impact of Polymer Coating on the Flexural Strength and Deflection Characteristics of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams

Liquid polymers(LP)have become an important structural material used in the construction industry in the last decade.This paper investigates the via­bility of using commercially available LPs as a coating material to improve the flexural strength of fiber-modified concrete beams.The scope included preparing rectangular prism concrete beams with a concrete mixture includ­ing fly ash and fiber and coating them with four different liquid polymers at a uniform thickness following the curing process while one set of sam­ples was maintained under the same conditions as a control group without coating.In addition,cylindrical samples were prepared to determine the compressive strength of the concrete mixture.Following the curing process in an unconfined open-air laboratory environment for another 28 days,con­crete samples were tested to determine the flexural strength and deflection characteristics under center point loading equipment.The results revealed that all four coating types enhanced both the flexural strength and the av­erage maximum deflection of the beams compared to the control group.While the enhancement in the flexural strength changed approximately between 5%and 36%depending on the coating type,the improvements in average maximum deflections varied between 3.7%and 28.4%.

Characterization by Thermogravimetric Analysis of Polymeric Concrete with High Density Polyethylene Mechanically Recycled

This paper presents the results of the characterization by thermogravimetric analysis of a new composite material called polymeric concrete. The polymeric concrete contains micro-particles obtained from High Density Poly-Ethylene (HDPE) mechanically recycled (post-consumer bottles);the official Mexican standard NMX-E-232-SCFI-1999 considers the HDPE as the recyclable plastic material. Thermo-grams based on weight lost were obtained from the raw material (HDPE) and the polymer concrete in order to obtain the glass transition temperature (Tg) and melting temperature (Tf). The analysis conditions were defined from 20°C to 180°C and the heat rate of 1°C/minute. The results show that the glass transition temperature of polymeric concrete is 46°C and the HDPE is 38°C. These results mean that the polymeric concrete is more resistant to decomposition. With respect to the melting temperature, the results show that the 2°C difference between polymeric concrete and HDPE is not significant. The polymeric concrete with HDPE recycled can be considered as composite material thermoplastic. The new material melts when it is heated to 146°C and has the ability to be softened, processed and reprocessed with temperature and pressure changes, which make it possible to obtain molded pieces in the desired shape.

PC生产线自动布料机研究

混凝土预制件(Precast Concrete,PC)生产线是支撑建筑产业工业化和现代化发展的关键装备,布料机是PC生产线的核心设备,对生产线的自动化程度、可靠性、工作效率及构件质量有着决定性影响。通过研究自动布料机布料装置和控制系统,提供一种切实可行的自动布料解决方案,同时指出布料机未来的发展方向。

Strengthening effects of BFRP on reinforced concrete beams

Reinforced concrete （RC） beams externally bonded with basalt fiber reinforced polymer （BFRP） are experimentally investigated by using different numbers of bonding plies, transverse anchorages as well as the initial conditions of strengthened beams. The performances of the BFRP strengthening are compared with those of the carbon fiber reinforced polymer （CFRP） and the glass fiber reinforced polymer （GFRP） under the same experimental condition. Experimental results indicate that the strength and ductility of the strengthened beam with two plies of the BFRP are improved remarkably than those with one ply. The strengthening effects of the BFRP lie between those of the CFRP and the GFRP. The BFRP strengthening is little influenced by pre-cracks of concrete. Most failures are caused by interfaciai debonding induced by flexural cracks in the experiment. Clamping of Uwraps along the whole beam is less efficient than endpoint anchorage for increasing the ultimate load of the strengthened beam. Finally, the models suggested by the five guidelines for predicting the debonding strain of the CFRP are extended to the BFRP and the conservative estimates of the debonding strain of the BFRP are given as well.