AIM:To evaluate the trends and changes in the number and rates of disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)and prevalence of cataract in China between 1990 and 2019,and to predict the trends of cataract burden from 2020 t...AIM:To evaluate the trends and changes in the number and rates of disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)and prevalence of cataract in China between 1990 and 2019,and to predict the trends of cataract burden from 2020 to 2030.METHODS:The Global Burden of Diseases(GBD)database was employed to collect the data on DALYs and the prevalence of cataract in China,which was distinguished by age and sex during the past three decades from 1990 to 2019,and then changes in the number and rates of cataract from 2020 to 2030 were predicted.All data were analyzed by the R program(version 4.2.2)and GraphPad Prism 9.0 statistics software.RESULTS:The number of DALYs of cataract increased from 449322.84 in 1990 to 1087987.61 in 2019,number of cataract cases increased from 5607600.94 in 1990 to 18142568.96 in 2019.The age-standardized DALY rates(ASDR)generally increased slightly[estimated annual percentage change(EAPC=0.1;95%CI:-0.24 to 0.45)],age-standardized prevalence rates(ASPR)also increased(EAPC=0.88;95%CI:0.6 to 1.15).Cataract burden increased with age and female gender.Among the causes of cataract,air pollution was the most important,followed by smoking,high fasting plasma glucose,and high body mass index(BMI).The burden of cataract is predicted to grow persistently from 2020 to 2030,the number of DALYs and prevalence for cataract will rise to 2336431 and 43698620 respectively by 2030,the ASDR is predicted to be 85/100000 and ASPR will be 1586/100000 in 2030,females will still be at greater risk of suffering from cataract than males.CONCLUSION:The burden of cataract in China kept rising from 1990 to 2019.Increasing age and female gender are risk factors for cataract.Air pollution,smoking,high fasting plasma glucose,and high BMI are associated with cataract.The burden of cataract in China will gradually increase from 2020 to 2030,the elderly women in particular need attention.Our results may be of help for providing reference strategies to reduce cataract burden in the near future.展开更多
Some problems encountered in applying Smith's technique to predict the PIO tendency for non-linear pilot-vehicle loop, are thoroughly analyzed. Subsequently, modified PIO predictable criteria are developed, in add...Some problems encountered in applying Smith's technique to predict the PIO tendency for non-linear pilot-vehicle loop, are thoroughly analyzed. Subsequently, modified PIO predictable criteria are developed, in addition, to make also a certain improvement on Smith's PIO definition and PIO types. These modified criteria are applied to predict PIO tendency of various different configurations on the variable stability aircraft NT-33 in case of supposed non-linearity, and predicted results are compared with the flight tests and analytical results in the case of linear hypothesis given in Ref. (4)展开更多
Based on the Morlet complex wavelet transformation,the authors put forward a kind of new method for distinguishing periods of seismic activity and quietude and a new physical thought on the time-dependent wavelet accu...Based on the Morlet complex wavelet transformation,the authors put forward a kind of new method for distinguishing periods of seismic activity and quietude and a new physical thought on the time-dependent wavelet accumulation energy spectrum with periods, the time-frequency distribution of wavelet vibration period spectrum and period-specific wavelet vibration spectrum. By applying the above methods to a time series which is composed of earthquake accumulation energy per year for the world, the Chinese continent and North China, respectively, we obtained some new information about the rhythm of shallow earthquake activity. Considering the historic earthquakes and the rhythm characteristics of current strong earthquake activity, the earthquake tendency in the next years is discussed.展开更多
Analysis of seismic data and seismicity characteristics in China, we gave a method to deal with seismic patterns by calculating density at grid nodes. Number of earthquakes and epicenter distribution are considered co...Analysis of seismic data and seismicity characteristics in China, we gave a method to deal with seismic patterns by calculating density at grid nodes. Number of earthquakes and epicenter distribution are considered comprehensively in this method. Effect of datum accuracy is stressed on parameter confirmation. Seismic patterns from this method are stable and can reflect seismic characteristics reliably. These seismic patterns are the base of quantitative analysis of seismicity. It can be applied in seismic tendency analysis and medium-long term earthquake prediction, earthquake countermeasure and risk mitigation.展开更多
The World Health Organization(WHO)declared monkeypox as a public health emergency of international concern(PHEIC)on July 23,2022,their highest level of alert.This raised concerns about the management of the global mon...The World Health Organization(WHO)declared monkeypox as a public health emergency of international concern(PHEIC)on July 23,2022,their highest level of alert.This raised concerns about the management of the global monkeypox outbreak,as well as the scientific analysis and accurate prediction of the future course of the epidemic.This study used EpiSIX(an analysis and prediction system for epidemics based on a general SEIR model)to analyze the monkeypox epidemic and to forecast the major tendencies based on data from the USA CDC(https://www.cdc.gov)and the WHO(https://www.who.int/health-topics/monkeypox).The global outbreak of monkeypox started in the UK on May 2,2022,which marked the beginning of an epidemic wave.As of October 28,2022,the cumulative number of reported cases worldwide was 77,115,with 36 deaths.EpiSIX simulations predict that the global monkeypox epidemic will enter a low epidemic status on March 1,2023 with the cumulative number of confirmed cases ranging from 85,000 to 124,000,and the total number of deaths ranging from 60 to 87.Our analysis revealed that the basic reproduction number(R0)of monkeypox virus(MPXV)is near to 3.1 and the percentage of asymptomatic individuals is 13.1%–14.5%,both of which are similar to the data for SARS.The vaccination efficiency against susceptibility(VEs)of individuals who have had monkeypox is~79%,and the vaccination efficiency against infectiousness(VEi)of individuals who have had monkeypox is~76%–82%.The mean incubation period for monkeypox is 8 days.In total,94.7%of infected individuals develop symptoms within 20 days and recover within 2 weeks after the confirmation of symptoms.Simulation results using EpiSIX showed that ring vaccination was remarkably effective against monkeypox.Our findings confirmed that a 20-day isolation for close contacts is necessary.展开更多
Considering the deficiency of using vague language in predicting monthly seismic tendency, we propose a numerical predicting method in the paper, which may be more applicable to the society. The method is based on the...Considering the deficiency of using vague language in predicting monthly seismic tendency, we propose a numerical predicting method in the paper, which may be more applicable to the society. The method is based on the self-rhythm phenomenon of earthquake activities, which calculates monthly seismic tendency through nonlinear mathematical model. The result of modeling test shows that there exists a kind of seismic cyclic process of every 7 to 8 months in Chinese mainland, and the average error from comparing monthly predicted and observed earthquake magnitudes is below 0.2. Thus the method is more applicable to the society than the experiential prediction.展开更多
目的探讨新诊断2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者酮症起病的危险因素,并构建预测模型。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2022年6月在温州市人民医院内分泌科住院的新诊断T2DM患者205例,根据是否酮症起病分为单纯起病组(125例)、...目的探讨新诊断2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者酮症起病的危险因素,并构建预测模型。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2022年6月在温州市人民医院内分泌科住院的新诊断T2DM患者205例,根据是否酮症起病分为单纯起病组(125例)、酮症起病组(80例),比较两组患者的临床特征,采用Logistics回归分析酮症发生的危险因素,建立预测模型并采用受试者工作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线评价其对新诊断T2DM患者酮症起病的预测价值。结果与单纯起病组相比,酮症起病组患者男性多见(P=0.009)、年龄更小(P<0.001),收缩压(P=0.003)、高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL)(P=0.001)、空腹及餐后2小时C肽水平(P<0.001)、促甲状腺激素(thyroid-stimulating hormone,TSH)(P=0.003)、血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(free triiodothyronine,FT3)(P=0.012)更低;起病后下降体重(P<0.001)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c)(P<0.001)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance index,HOMA-IR)(P<0.001)更高;多因素Logistics回归结果显示,年龄、HDL、空腹C肽水平、TSH是酮症发生的独立保护因素,HbA1c、HOMA-IR是独立危险因素;根据多因素Logistics回归分析结果建立新诊断T2DM患者酮症预测模型,该模型的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.880[95%CI(0.832,0.928),P<0.001],特异度80.8%、灵敏度86.3%,ROC曲线结果显示,酮症预测模型较各独立指标可更好地预测新诊断T2DM患者酮症的发生。结论年龄、HDL、空腹C肽水平、TSH是新诊断T2DM患者酮症发生的独立保护因素,HbA1c、HOMA-IR是独立危险因素,酮症预测模型对酮症倾向的发生有较好的预测作用。展开更多
文摘AIM:To evaluate the trends and changes in the number and rates of disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)and prevalence of cataract in China between 1990 and 2019,and to predict the trends of cataract burden from 2020 to 2030.METHODS:The Global Burden of Diseases(GBD)database was employed to collect the data on DALYs and the prevalence of cataract in China,which was distinguished by age and sex during the past three decades from 1990 to 2019,and then changes in the number and rates of cataract from 2020 to 2030 were predicted.All data were analyzed by the R program(version 4.2.2)and GraphPad Prism 9.0 statistics software.RESULTS:The number of DALYs of cataract increased from 449322.84 in 1990 to 1087987.61 in 2019,number of cataract cases increased from 5607600.94 in 1990 to 18142568.96 in 2019.The age-standardized DALY rates(ASDR)generally increased slightly[estimated annual percentage change(EAPC=0.1;95%CI:-0.24 to 0.45)],age-standardized prevalence rates(ASPR)also increased(EAPC=0.88;95%CI:0.6 to 1.15).Cataract burden increased with age and female gender.Among the causes of cataract,air pollution was the most important,followed by smoking,high fasting plasma glucose,and high body mass index(BMI).The burden of cataract is predicted to grow persistently from 2020 to 2030,the number of DALYs and prevalence for cataract will rise to 2336431 and 43698620 respectively by 2030,the ASDR is predicted to be 85/100000 and ASPR will be 1586/100000 in 2030,females will still be at greater risk of suffering from cataract than males.CONCLUSION:The burden of cataract in China kept rising from 1990 to 2019.Increasing age and female gender are risk factors for cataract.Air pollution,smoking,high fasting plasma glucose,and high BMI are associated with cataract.The burden of cataract in China will gradually increase from 2020 to 2030,the elderly women in particular need attention.Our results may be of help for providing reference strategies to reduce cataract burden in the near future.
文摘Some problems encountered in applying Smith's technique to predict the PIO tendency for non-linear pilot-vehicle loop, are thoroughly analyzed. Subsequently, modified PIO predictable criteria are developed, in addition, to make also a certain improvement on Smith's PIO definition and PIO types. These modified criteria are applied to predict PIO tendency of various different configurations on the variable stability aircraft NT-33 in case of supposed non-linearity, and predicted results are compared with the flight tests and analytical results in the case of linear hypothesis given in Ref. (4)
文摘Based on the Morlet complex wavelet transformation,the authors put forward a kind of new method for distinguishing periods of seismic activity and quietude and a new physical thought on the time-dependent wavelet accumulation energy spectrum with periods, the time-frequency distribution of wavelet vibration period spectrum and period-specific wavelet vibration spectrum. By applying the above methods to a time series which is composed of earthquake accumulation energy per year for the world, the Chinese continent and North China, respectively, we obtained some new information about the rhythm of shallow earthquake activity. Considering the historic earthquakes and the rhythm characteristics of current strong earthquake activity, the earthquake tendency in the next years is discussed.
文摘Analysis of seismic data and seismicity characteristics in China, we gave a method to deal with seismic patterns by calculating density at grid nodes. Number of earthquakes and epicenter distribution are considered comprehensively in this method. Effect of datum accuracy is stressed on parameter confirmation. Seismic patterns from this method are stable and can reflect seismic characteristics reliably. These seismic patterns are the base of quantitative analysis of seismicity. It can be applied in seismic tendency analysis and medium-long term earthquake prediction, earthquake countermeasure and risk mitigation.
基金This study was supported by grants from the Consultancy Project by the Chinese Academy of Engineering(CAE,2022-JB-06)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2021 J01621)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61873154)the National Key R&D Program of China(2021ZD0114102).
文摘The World Health Organization(WHO)declared monkeypox as a public health emergency of international concern(PHEIC)on July 23,2022,their highest level of alert.This raised concerns about the management of the global monkeypox outbreak,as well as the scientific analysis and accurate prediction of the future course of the epidemic.This study used EpiSIX(an analysis and prediction system for epidemics based on a general SEIR model)to analyze the monkeypox epidemic and to forecast the major tendencies based on data from the USA CDC(https://www.cdc.gov)and the WHO(https://www.who.int/health-topics/monkeypox).The global outbreak of monkeypox started in the UK on May 2,2022,which marked the beginning of an epidemic wave.As of October 28,2022,the cumulative number of reported cases worldwide was 77,115,with 36 deaths.EpiSIX simulations predict that the global monkeypox epidemic will enter a low epidemic status on March 1,2023 with the cumulative number of confirmed cases ranging from 85,000 to 124,000,and the total number of deaths ranging from 60 to 87.Our analysis revealed that the basic reproduction number(R0)of monkeypox virus(MPXV)is near to 3.1 and the percentage of asymptomatic individuals is 13.1%–14.5%,both of which are similar to the data for SARS.The vaccination efficiency against susceptibility(VEs)of individuals who have had monkeypox is~79%,and the vaccination efficiency against infectiousness(VEi)of individuals who have had monkeypox is~76%–82%.The mean incubation period for monkeypox is 8 days.In total,94.7%of infected individuals develop symptoms within 20 days and recover within 2 weeks after the confirmation of symptoms.Simulation results using EpiSIX showed that ring vaccination was remarkably effective against monkeypox.Our findings confirmed that a 20-day isolation for close contacts is necessary.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (10373017).
文摘Considering the deficiency of using vague language in predicting monthly seismic tendency, we propose a numerical predicting method in the paper, which may be more applicable to the society. The method is based on the self-rhythm phenomenon of earthquake activities, which calculates monthly seismic tendency through nonlinear mathematical model. The result of modeling test shows that there exists a kind of seismic cyclic process of every 7 to 8 months in Chinese mainland, and the average error from comparing monthly predicted and observed earthquake magnitudes is below 0.2. Thus the method is more applicable to the society than the experiential prediction.
文摘目的探讨新诊断2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)患者酮症起病的危险因素,并构建预测模型。方法回顾性分析2017年1月至2022年6月在温州市人民医院内分泌科住院的新诊断T2DM患者205例,根据是否酮症起病分为单纯起病组(125例)、酮症起病组(80例),比较两组患者的临床特征,采用Logistics回归分析酮症发生的危险因素,建立预测模型并采用受试者工作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线评价其对新诊断T2DM患者酮症起病的预测价值。结果与单纯起病组相比,酮症起病组患者男性多见(P=0.009)、年龄更小(P<0.001),收缩压(P=0.003)、高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL)(P=0.001)、空腹及餐后2小时C肽水平(P<0.001)、促甲状腺激素(thyroid-stimulating hormone,TSH)(P=0.003)、血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(free triiodothyronine,FT3)(P=0.012)更低;起病后下降体重(P<0.001)、糖化血红蛋白(glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c)(P<0.001)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance index,HOMA-IR)(P<0.001)更高;多因素Logistics回归结果显示,年龄、HDL、空腹C肽水平、TSH是酮症发生的独立保护因素,HbA1c、HOMA-IR是独立危险因素;根据多因素Logistics回归分析结果建立新诊断T2DM患者酮症预测模型,该模型的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.880[95%CI(0.832,0.928),P<0.001],特异度80.8%、灵敏度86.3%,ROC曲线结果显示,酮症预测模型较各独立指标可更好地预测新诊断T2DM患者酮症的发生。结论年龄、HDL、空腹C肽水平、TSH是新诊断T2DM患者酮症发生的独立保护因素,HbA1c、HOMA-IR是独立危险因素,酮症预测模型对酮症倾向的发生有较好的预测作用。