According to generalized variational principles suitable for linear elastic incompatible displacement elements given by Professor Chien Wei-zang, using crack tip singular element and isoparametric surrounding element ...According to generalized variational principles suitable for linear elastic incompatible displacement elements given by Professor Chien Wei-zang, using crack tip singular element and isoparametric surrounding element given by the author of this paper, we will study the St. Venant's torsional bar with a radial vertical crack and compare the present computed results with the results of reference [2], The present computed results show that, using the method provided in this paper, satisfactory convergent solution can be obtained under lower degree of freedom.展开更多
This paper aims at the discussion of the origin and introduction and applications of euphemism from different aspects.It also deals with the violation of the Cooperative Principles of euphemism from the point of view ...This paper aims at the discussion of the origin and introduction and applications of euphemism from different aspects.It also deals with the violation of the Cooperative Principles of euphemism from the point of view of pragmatic study with the purpose of giving people pieces of advice on how to use euphemism wisely and effectively.展开更多
Alzheimer's disease(AD) is characterized by decreased neuronal activity and atrophy, while hyperactivity of neurons seems to make them resistant to aging and neurodegeneration, a phenomenon which we have paraphras...Alzheimer's disease(AD) is characterized by decreased neuronal activity and atrophy, while hyperactivity of neurons seems to make them resistant to aging and neurodegeneration, a phenomenon which we have paraphrased as ‘use it or lose it'. Our hypothesis proposes that(1) during their functioning, neurons are damaged;(2)accumulation of damage that is not repaired is the basis of aging;(3) the vulnerability to AD is determined by the genetic background and the balance between the amount of damage and the efficiency of repair, and(4) by stimulating the brain, repair mechanisms are stimulated and cognitive reserve is increased, resulting in a decreased rate of aging and risk for AD. Environmental stimulating factors such as bilingualism/multilingualism, education, occupation, musical experience, physical exercise, and leisure activities have been reported to reduce the risk of dementia and decrease the rate of cognitive decline, although methodological problems are present.展开更多
At the end of the 1950s,Sun Yingzhou considered that the 'chazi'(damaged colour)on Chenghua doucai imperial porcelain as a defect was originally produced in firing process during Chenghua period(1465―1487).Re...At the end of the 1950s,Sun Yingzhou considered that the 'chazi'(damaged colour)on Chenghua doucai imperial porcelain as a defect was originally produced in firing process during Chenghua period(1465―1487).Researchers in China have accepted his view.But any fragment with the 'chazi' has never been found in several tons of Chenghua imperial sherds excavated from Ming imperial kiln site in Jingdezhen.In China,few scholars have questioned the formation of 'chazi',and further investigated scientifically.The researchers at the Research Laboratory in the British Museum,employing unde-structive EDXRF,have analyzed the chemical composition of the 'chazi'(damaged colour)on a Chen-ghua doucai stem cup in the museum,and they have confirmed that the 'chazi'(damaged colour)was caused by the fire of the Jianfu palace in the Forbidden City in 1923.Based on their research,the authors studied the colour chemical principle of the 'chazi's' formation carefully.According to the ceramic technology principle,scientific reasoning for the 'chazi' was carried out.With the help of the history of Qing court,the brainteaser of the 'chazi' was totally uncovered,the misunderstanding for the 'chazi' has also been corrected.The research also suggests that employing modern science and technology is a direction to study Chinese ancient ceramic further.展开更多
文摘According to generalized variational principles suitable for linear elastic incompatible displacement elements given by Professor Chien Wei-zang, using crack tip singular element and isoparametric surrounding element given by the author of this paper, we will study the St. Venant's torsional bar with a radial vertical crack and compare the present computed results with the results of reference [2], The present computed results show that, using the method provided in this paper, satisfactory convergent solution can be obtained under lower degree of freedom.
文摘This paper aims at the discussion of the origin and introduction and applications of euphemism from different aspects.It also deals with the violation of the Cooperative Principles of euphemism from the point of view of pragmatic study with the purpose of giving people pieces of advice on how to use euphemism wisely and effectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571048)the Program of Introducing Talents of Disciplines to Universities of China (B13026)the Fund for Cultivation of Innovative Talents, 985 Project of Zhejiang University, China (188310*193226201[3])
文摘Alzheimer's disease(AD) is characterized by decreased neuronal activity and atrophy, while hyperactivity of neurons seems to make them resistant to aging and neurodegeneration, a phenomenon which we have paraphrased as ‘use it or lose it'. Our hypothesis proposes that(1) during their functioning, neurons are damaged;(2)accumulation of damage that is not repaired is the basis of aging;(3) the vulnerability to AD is determined by the genetic background and the balance between the amount of damage and the efficiency of repair, and(4) by stimulating the brain, repair mechanisms are stimulated and cognitive reserve is increased, resulting in a decreased rate of aging and risk for AD. Environmental stimulating factors such as bilingualism/multilingualism, education, occupation, musical experience, physical exercise, and leisure activities have been reported to reduce the risk of dementia and decrease the rate of cognitive decline, although methodological problems are present.
文摘At the end of the 1950s,Sun Yingzhou considered that the 'chazi'(damaged colour)on Chenghua doucai imperial porcelain as a defect was originally produced in firing process during Chenghua period(1465―1487).Researchers in China have accepted his view.But any fragment with the 'chazi' has never been found in several tons of Chenghua imperial sherds excavated from Ming imperial kiln site in Jingdezhen.In China,few scholars have questioned the formation of 'chazi',and further investigated scientifically.The researchers at the Research Laboratory in the British Museum,employing unde-structive EDXRF,have analyzed the chemical composition of the 'chazi'(damaged colour)on a Chen-ghua doucai stem cup in the museum,and they have confirmed that the 'chazi'(damaged colour)was caused by the fire of the Jianfu palace in the Forbidden City in 1923.Based on their research,the authors studied the colour chemical principle of the 'chazi's' formation carefully.According to the ceramic technology principle,scientific reasoning for the 'chazi' was carried out.With the help of the history of Qing court,the brainteaser of the 'chazi' was totally uncovered,the misunderstanding for the 'chazi' has also been corrected.The research also suggests that employing modern science and technology is a direction to study Chinese ancient ceramic further.
