Principles and Translation Strategies to English Numerical Idioms

Numbers are a special kind of language.Numerical idioms refer to the idioms containing numbers.In both Chinese and English languages,numbers have magical uses.They have deep ethic and historical color and show different cultural character istics vividly.This paper tries to discuss the translation strategies to the English numerical idioms,with the aim of narrowing the culture gap between eastern and western countries.

Lithium nitrate regulated carbonate electrolytes for practical Li-metal batteries: Mechanisms, principles and strategies

Li-metal batteries(LMBs)regain research prominence owing to the ever-increasing high-energy requirements.Commercially available carbonate electrolytes exhibit unfavourable parasitic reactions with Limetal anode(LMA),leading to the formation of unstable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)and the breed of Li dendrites/dead Li.Significantly,lithium nitrate(LiNO_(3)),an excellent film-forming additive,proves crucial to construct a robust Li_(3)N/Li_(2)O/Li_(x)NO_(y)-rich SEI after combining with ether-based electrolytes.Thus,the given challenge leads to natural ideas which suggest the incorporation of LiNO_(3) into commercial carbonate for practical LMBs.Regrettably,LiNO_(3) demonstrates limited solubility(~800 ppm)in commercial carbonate electrolytes.Thence,developing stable SEI and dendrite-free LMA with the incorporation of LiNO_(3) into carbonate electrolytes is an efficacious strategy to realize robust LMBs via a scalable and cost-effective route.Therefore,this review unravels the grievances between LMA,LiNO_(3)and carbonate electrolytes,and enables a comprehensive analysis of LMA stabilizing mechanism with LiNO_(3),dissolution principle of LiNO_(3) in carbonate electrolytes,and LiNO_(3) introduction strategies.This review converges attention on a point that the LiNO_(3)-introduction into commercial carbonate electrolytes is an imperious choice to realize practical LMBs with commercial 4 V layered cathode.

How to improve machine learning models for lithofacies identification by practical and novel ensemble strategy and principles

Typically, relationship between well logs and lithofacies is complex, which leads to low accuracy of lithofacies identification. Machine learning (ML) methods are often applied to identify lithofacies using logs labelled by rock cores. However, these methods have accuracy limits to some extent. To further improve their accuracies, practical and novel ensemble learning strategy and principles are proposed in this work, which allows geologists not familiar with ML to establish a good ML lithofacies identification model and help geologists familiar with ML further improve accuracy of lithofacies identification. The ensemble learning strategy combines ML methods as sub-classifiers to generate a comprehensive lithofacies identification model, which aims to reduce the variance errors in prediction. Each sub-classifier is trained by randomly sampled labelled data with random features. The novelty of this work lies in the ensemble principles making sub-classifiers just overfitting by algorithm parameter setting and sub-dataset sampling. The principles can help reduce the bias errors in the prediction. Two issues are discussed, videlicet (1) whether only a relatively simple single-classifier method can be as sub-classifiers and how to select proper ML methods as sub-classifiers;(2) whether different kinds of ML methods can be combined as sub-classifiers. If yes, how to determine a proper combination. In order to test the effectiveness of the ensemble strategy and principles for lithofacies identification, different kinds of machine learning algorithms are selected as sub-classifiers, including regular classifiers (LDA, NB, KNN, ID3 tree and CART), kernel method (SVM), and ensemble learning algorithms (RF, AdaBoost, XGBoost and LightGBM). In this work, the experiments used a published dataset of lithofacies from Daniudi gas field (DGF) in Ordes Basin, China. Based on a series of comparisons between ML algorithms and their corresponding ensemble models using the ensemble strategy and principles, conclusions are drawn: (1) not only decision tree but also other single-classifiers and ensemble-learning-classifiers can be used as sub-classifiers of homogeneous ensemble learning and the ensemble can improve the accuracy of the original classifiers;(2) the ensemble principles for the introduced homogeneous and heterogeneous ensemble strategy are effective in promoting ML in lithofacies identification;(3) in practice, heterogeneous ensemble is more suitable for building a more powerful lithofacies identification model, though it is complex.

OPTIMAL FEED STRATEGY FOR FED-BATCH GLYCEROL FERMENTATION DETERMINED BY MAXIMUM PRINCIPLE

Optimal glucose feed strategy for glycerol fed-batch fermentation was investigated by Pontryagin’s maximum principle to maximize the final glycerol yield. The problem was solved by a nonsingular control approach by selecting the culture volume as the control variable, then the general optimal feed profile was numerically determined.

On the English-to-Chinese Translation Principles and Strategies of Prospectus

It probes into the English-to-Chinese translation principles,and elaborates the translation strategies of prospectus.To correctly comprehend and properly translate the prospectus from English to Chinese,the translator should abide by the translation principles and the two main translation strategies will be discussed later.

Assessment of the Protected Areas Strategy in Togo under Sustainable Management: The Case Study of Oti-Keran, Togodo, and Abdoulaye Faunal Reserve

This study aims to identify the drivers of environmental degradation due to the dependency of surrounding residents on three protected areas in Togo, Africa (Oti-Keran, Togodo, and Abdoulaye national parks (abbr. OTA national parks)). Surveys of villagers conducted in and around the OTA national parks added to data downloaded from Indexmundi data portal. National-level trend analysis results indicated: 1) the number of terrestrial protected areas showed an upward trend, while savannah and forest cover showed alarming decrease trends. 2) At the local level, supplying socio-economic needs in the three selected protected areas directly resulted in biodiversity degradation through animal grazing, hunting and farming. 3) Over 70% of the respondent’s livelihoods consisted of farming and related dependencies on the protected areas for timber and non-timber forest products and income despite the protected status hold by these classified areas. 4) The OTA national parks have been experiencing an increase of anthropogenic pressure such as uncontrolled tree logging and hunting, which seriously impacts animal and vegetation biodiversity. 5) Policymakers should invest more resources in implementing an integrated management system based not only on a holistic vision of the PA that includes participatory management but also accounts for multi-dimensional principles to enable anthropogenic activities in and around the protected areas to satisfy sustainable development requirements.

A Study on the Application of Politeness Strategies in International Business Negotiation

Under the influence of economic globalization, international business negotiation is becoming more and more frequent. Politeness principle is an important pragmatic strategy in international business negotiation, representing good cultural quality and professional ethics image. In the course of business negotiation, how to properly use politeness language and pay attention to politeness strategy will affect the result of negotiation.

How to make the development strategies for digital city

Digital City has emerged gradually with the development of a global economy and global information. How to make development strategies for Digital City is becoming an important topic that deserves deeper research in both theory and practice. This paper mainly analyzes the connation of Digital City and the principles of developing strategies for Digital City. The conclusions of this paper can supply fundamental ideas and instructions for Digital City construction.

Optimization Design of RC Ribbed Floor System Using Eagle Strategy with Particle Swarm Optimization

The eagle strategy algorithm is combined with particle swarm optimization in this paper.The new algorithm,denoted as the ES-PSO,is implemented by interfacing Etabs structural analysis codes.ES-PSO is used to optimize the RC ribbed floor system,including floor and underground garage roof.By considering the effects of reinforcement,the principle of virtual work is applied to calculate the deflections of components.Construction cost is taken as the objective function and the constraint conditions are required to satisfy.Accordingly,the optimal layout,the optimal sections of the beams and slabs and the corresponding reinforcements are obtained for different column grids.In this investigation,the RC ribbed floor system is optimized according to the Chinese standard,whose column grids are 8.4 m and 8.4 m.The performance of the ES-PSO algorithm is good enough,which can be applied to practical engineering.The paper can also provide a basis for subsequent optimization design of monolithic structures.

Pedagogical Strategies for Task-Based Vocabulary Acquisition

Vocabulary has been the most difficult part language learners encounter in the process of their language learning and their daily communication. Nevertheless vocabulary teaching and learning has not been given due importance and has become the bottleneck in college English instruction although it is central to language learning. Task-based Instruction Approach, noted for its advanced methodology in facilitating vocabulary learning and teaching, is introduced in the vocabulary teaching implementation in this paper. By analyzing the theoretical basis and features of Task-based Instruction Approach, the author puts forward strategies for vocabulary teaching and learning as well as principles in task design with the aim of improving leamers＇ vocabulary acquiring competence and language competence, fostering learners＇ emotional and cognitive development, and at the same time providing insights into culture of English language

Strategies for English Film Subtitle Translation

Film, one of the carriers of culture, has a coverall function. As a medium of cultural transmission, it is a way to comprehend foreign cultures and customs. Therefore, the translation of subtitles becoraes a vital importance. The paper is intended to analysis main strategies for English film subtitle translation based on main principles, according to the method of analyzing the diversities of various cultures and real examples from movies. ＂translators are required to know well about different cultures and pay more attention to accumulation of usual experiences.

English Teachers＇ Classroom Verbal Strategy in the Dialogue Teaching

The core of dialogue teaching is dialogue. The dialogue here refers to the way in which the teachers and students based on mutual respect, trust and equal position carry on the two-way communication and mutual learning through conversation and listening. One of the marked differences between dialogue teaching and traditional teaching is that dialogue teaching highlights the essence of the teaching process of communication and cooperation. At the same time dialogue teaching is based on students＇ psychological demand, which makes the teaching full of strong emotion. Using the dialogue teaching as the background, this paper mainly provides the guiding principles and practical advice for the teachers＇ classroom language strategies so as to achieve more effective teaching effect.

Translation of Conversational Implicature and the Strategies

Grice introduced the theory of conversational implicature which is essential in translation, especially in conversation translation of fictions. Four most commonly-seen and effective strategies of translating the conversational implicature are going to discussed.

Optimal Investment Strategy in Safe-region on Consumption and Portfolio Problem

This paper investigates an optimal investment strategy on consumption and portfolio problem, in which the investor must withdraw funds continuously at a given rate. By analyzing the evolving process of wealth, we give the definition of safe-region for investment. Moreover, in order to obtain the target wealth as quickly as possible, using Bellman dynamic programming principle, we get the optimal investment strategy and corresponding necessary expected time. At last we give some numerical computations for a set of different parameters.

化工原理课程教学方法改进与优化措施探讨

化工原理课程是化工相关专业的核心课程,由于化工原理讲授的是复杂的工程理论基础,在教学过程中存在课程难度大、理论与实践脱轨、学生学习动力不足等问题。本文针对这些问题结合多样化教学、生活/工程实际和多维度评价等手段,探讨化工原理课程教学改进与优化的方法,培养学生学习积极性,提高教学效果。

文化基因视域下区域农产品品牌视觉形象设计

随着国家对乡村振兴事业的进一步扶持,区域农产品品牌化已成为必然趋势。针对现阶段区域农产品品牌视觉形象良莠不齐、同质化严重的现状,探索文化基因视域下区域农产品品牌视觉形象的设计原则与设计策略,旨在通过地域文化赋能品牌的方式打造差异化定位,为其创意设计及其延展提供源源不断的设计动力;层次分析法的介入可以通过为创意设计提供量化依据,来克服传统方案在择优过程中的绝对主观性,从而减少品牌的试错成本。

气象数据健康预警伦理原则与治理对策

气象数据健康预警伦理问题包括预报精度问题带来的预警效果偏差,预警发布语言隔阂、形式屏障、跟进障碍等问题带来的预警效果差异,预警部门法规标准细化滞后、部门深度协调欠缺、预报决策可能失误等问题带来的预警效果受限。气象数据健康预警应秉持“以人为本”宗旨,扩大预警信息覆盖范围和时效,提升信息传播的可及性与公正性。严格遵循有利原则、公正原则、公益原则、责任原则,强化气象监测“新质生产力”,加快气象数据健康预警科技创新,构建气象预警的多元传播体系,加强气象健康的转归提升效果,实现疾病防控关口前移。

地方育人资源融入高校思想政治理论课教学的价值意蕴和整体策略探究——以北京地区为例

为落实立德树人根本任务,充分挖掘运用好地方育人资源,并将其有机融入高校思想政治理论课教学,是一个有益的探索。地方育人资源融入高校思想政治理论课教学具有一定的理论价值和现实价值。当前地方育人资源融入高校思想政治理论课教学存在一定的不足。地方育人资源融入高校思政课教学的整体策略是,要坚持一定原则并遵循一定路径,包括对北京地区的育人资源进行模块化整合分类;课程教学体系的构建;融入高校思想政治理论课的教学模式和反馈等。

“新工科”背景下化工原理课程思政的研究现状及建设策略

化工原理作为高校化工类专业的核心课程,其思政建设在新时代背景下显得尤为关键。当前,国内高校已普遍将化工原理课程思政作为化工专业课程思政的主阵地,然而,从研究现状来看,理论研究尚显薄弱,且2022年后研究趋势有所放缓。分析其原因,专任教师思政能力参差不齐、精力分散,学生学习动力不足,课程考核评价和激励机制尚不完善,难以有效激发师生参与课程思政的积极性。应从化工原理课程思政教育培养目标、思政元素对接机制、评价体系三方面着手,采取相应的策略推动化工原理课程思政建设。