The article is mainly about the advantages and disadvantages of information teaching in the case of a design of Container Transport.Information teaching did bring some good to the teaching,both to the teachers,and the...The article is mainly about the advantages and disadvantages of information teaching in the case of a design of Container Transport.Information teaching did bring some good to the teaching,both to the teachers,and the students and class.Yet it did have some side effects.And some suggestions are given to the information teaching to make it better used for teachers and students.展开更多
Climate change strongly affected the structure and functions of natural ecosystems,e.g.the vegetation productivity decreased in the Northeast permafrost region due to the higher temperature and less precipitation,wher...Climate change strongly affected the structure and functions of natural ecosystems,e.g.the vegetation productivity decreased in the Northeast permafrost region due to the higher temperature and less precipitation,whereas in the Tibetan Plateau,the vegetation productivity increased,owing to the improved thermal resource.Climate change led to reduced precipitation in North and Northeast China and thus the reduced surface runoff.The public needs for energy were changed because of climate change,e.g.the shorter heating period in winter.Climate change profoundly influenced human health,pathophoresis and major projects by increasing extreme events,including frequency and magnitude,and causing more serious water shortage.Under the background of climate change,although the improved thermal resources can be helpful for extending the crop growth period,more extreme events may resulted in more instability in agricultural productivity.Not only did climate change indirectly affect the secondary and tertiary industries through the impacts on agriculture and natural resources,but also climate change mitigation measures,such as carbon tax,tariff and trading,had extensive and profound influences on the socioeconomic system.Further analysis indicated that the impact of climate change presented significant regional differences.The impact had its pros and cons,while the advantages outweighed the disadvantages.Based on the above analysis on the impacts of climate change,we put forward suggestions on coping with climate change.First,scientifically dealing with climate change will need to seek advantages while avoiding the disadvantages of climate change in order to achieve the orderly adaptation to climate change,which is characterized with"Overall best,long-term benefit."Second,quantitative adaptation should be given more attention,e.g.proposing operational schemes and predictable goals and using uncertainty analysis on adaptation measures.Third,more active coping strategy should be adopted to enhance China's future comprehensive competitiveness.The strategies include but are not limited to gradually adjusting the industrial structure,intensifying the research and development(R&D)of emission reduction technology and actively responding to the influence of carbon tax,tariff and trading on socioeconomic development in China.展开更多
Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in patients younger than 50 years are increasing, but screening before the age of 50 is not offered in Europe. Advancedstage diagnosis and mortality from colorectal cancer bef...Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in patients younger than 50 years are increasing, but screening before the age of 50 is not offered in Europe. Advancedstage diagnosis and mortality from colorectal cancer before 50 years of age are increasing. This is not a detection-bias effect;it is a real issue affecting the entire population. Three independent computational models indicate that screening from 45 years of age would yield a better balance of benefits and risks than the current start at 50 years of age. Experimental data support these predictions in a sex- and race-independent manner. Earlier screening is seemingly affordable, with minimal impediments to providing younger adults with colonoscopy. Indeed, the American Cancer Society has already started to recommend screening from 45 years of age in the United States. Implementing early screening is a societal and public health problem. The three independent computational models that suggested earlier screening were criticized for assuming perfect compliance. Guidelines and recommendations should be derived from well-collected and reproducible data, and not from mathematical predictions. In the era of personalized medicine, screening decisions might not be based solely on age, and sophisticated prediction software may better guide screening. Moreover, early screening might divert resources away from older individuals with greater biological risks. Finally, it is still unknown whether early colorectal cancer is part of a continuum of disease or a biologically distinct disease and, as such, it might not benefit from screening at all. The increase in early-onset colorectal cancer incidence and mortality demonstrates an obligation to take actions. Earlier screening would save lives, and starting at the age of 45 years may be a robust screening option.展开更多
为深入了解粉煤灰在环境修复领域应用的最新研究进展、研究热点及发展趋势,客观反映相关国家(地区)、机构和个人在该领域的科学贡献和影响。本文采用ISI Web of Knowledge的Web of Science^(TM)核心合集数据库,数据可视化分析软件Citesp...为深入了解粉煤灰在环境修复领域应用的最新研究进展、研究热点及发展趋势,客观反映相关国家(地区)、机构和个人在该领域的科学贡献和影响。本文采用ISI Web of Knowledge的Web of Science^(TM)核心合集数据库,数据可视化分析软件Citespace和HistCite Pro,对1990~2022年该库收录的相关文献进行了计量分析,从发文量TOP10的国家(地区)、高产作者、来源期刊、重要研究机构和研究方向热点等方面对1990年以来粉煤灰在环境修复领域的应用和研究现状进行了分析,对了解粉煤灰在环境修复领域的研究方向、发展趋势和研究热点具有指导意义。展开更多
In China the desire to be taller is high （excuse the pun）, despite people＇s genetic make-up. It＇s a desire driven by the sheer volume of folk competing for partners, promotions and prime job offerings, where any a...In China the desire to be taller is high （excuse the pun）, despite people＇s genetic make-up. It＇s a desire driven by the sheer volume of folk competing for partners, promotions and prime job offerings, where any advantage is sought in order to get a foot in the door. And with the vast numbers of job seekers competing for positions, recruiters behind those doors can afford to be picky. The word on the street is height means rapid advancement through the ranks. Many young professionals hold the common belief that taller people have more opportunity for promotion in the desperate climb up the corporate ladder.展开更多
The Nineteenth Rare Earth Research Conference was held in Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A. on July 14～19, 1991.The chairman of the General Conference is Prof. E.De Long, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Universi-ty of Kent...The Nineteenth Rare Earth Research Conference was held in Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A. on July 14～19, 1991.The chairman of the General Conference is Prof. E.De Long, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Universi-ty of Kentucky, the chairman of program, committee is Prof. Herbert B. Silber and the editor in-chief of theproceedings is Dr. Lester R. Morss.The Rare Earth Research Conference(RERC)is held every two or three years and administered underthe auspices of the non-profit Rare Earth Research Conferences, Inc.. There have been 19 RERCs since the展开更多
As a main pro-inflammatory factor, the up-regulation of TNF-α in RA patients plays a pivotal role in RA pathogenesis. The process of TNF production starts with the binding of a ligand( which is commonly a microbial p...As a main pro-inflammatory factor, the up-regulation of TNF-α in RA patients plays a pivotal role in RA pathogenesis. The process of TNF production starts with the binding of a ligand( which is commonly a microbial product) to a cell surface Toll receptor, which stimulates a signal transduction pathway that activates NF - κB transcription factors. Activated NF - κB enters nuclei and induces the transcription of genes associated with inflammation, including those coding for TNF. The production of TNF and other inflammatory cytokines serves to recruit other inflammatory cells, which in turn release cytokines and subsequently amplify the immune response. TNF exerts its effect via binding of TNFRland TNFR2 receptors. Many experimental and clinical study have proved the effectiveness of TNF - αa ctivity blockade. Recent therapeutic interventions, including TNF - α and IL - 1 inhibitors, strongly support the importance of cytokines in RA. The mechanism of anti - TNF - α action in vivo is complex and probably includes suppression of other pro - inflammatory cytokines, decreased synovial cellular infiltration, interference with osteoclast activation, and decreased angiogenisis. Studies using anti -TNF agents clearly show that they can slow or prevent the progression of bone and cartilage damage in RA. This activity probably involves suppression of osteoclasts in joint lesions. Etanereept, Infliximab and adalimumab are the three main biologic agents that were fo-cused on clinically at present.展开更多
PRO Chen Wei University student Civil servants deserve job security and more career options.Many current civil servants are well-educated and hold master＇s or even doctorate degrees.If they are offered other career o...PRO Chen Wei University student Civil servants deserve job security and more career options.Many current civil servants are well-educated and hold master＇s or even doctorate degrees.If they are offered other career opportunities, they may achieve greater success.It is often the case that capable graduates working in civil service can＇t get promoted despite putting in years of hard work. These individuals are passed over for promotion not because they are incompetent or not dedicated to their jobs.展开更多
Autophagy plays an important role in the development and pathogenesis of various diseases. It can be induced by a variety of events such as hypoxia, nutrient-starvation, and mechanical damage. Many neurological disord...Autophagy plays an important role in the development and pathogenesis of various diseases. It can be induced by a variety of events such as hypoxia, nutrient-starvation, and mechanical damage. Many neurological disorders such Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, cerebral ischemia, and acute spinal cord injury (ASCI), are closely related to autophagy. However, therapeutic strategies to manipulate autophagy have not yet been fully deciphered due to the limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy in these disorders.展开更多
文摘The article is mainly about the advantages and disadvantages of information teaching in the case of a design of Container Transport.Information teaching did bring some good to the teaching,both to the teachers,and the students and class.Yet it did have some side effects.And some suggestions are given to the information teaching to make it better used for teachers and students.
基金supported by National Science and Technology Support Program of China "Research on Assessment Technology of Impact and Risk of Climate Change in Key Fields and ItsApplication"[grant number 2012BAC19B00]National Key Scientific Research Project "Impact and Adaptive Strategy of Social and Economic System to Climate Change"[grant number2012CB955700]+1 种基金Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences "Environmental Pattern Change and Impact in Past One Hundred Years"[grant numberXDA05090307]"Impact of International Trade Policy and Emissions Reduction Policy to China"[Grant numberXDA05150200]
文摘Climate change strongly affected the structure and functions of natural ecosystems,e.g.the vegetation productivity decreased in the Northeast permafrost region due to the higher temperature and less precipitation,whereas in the Tibetan Plateau,the vegetation productivity increased,owing to the improved thermal resource.Climate change led to reduced precipitation in North and Northeast China and thus the reduced surface runoff.The public needs for energy were changed because of climate change,e.g.the shorter heating period in winter.Climate change profoundly influenced human health,pathophoresis and major projects by increasing extreme events,including frequency and magnitude,and causing more serious water shortage.Under the background of climate change,although the improved thermal resources can be helpful for extending the crop growth period,more extreme events may resulted in more instability in agricultural productivity.Not only did climate change indirectly affect the secondary and tertiary industries through the impacts on agriculture and natural resources,but also climate change mitigation measures,such as carbon tax,tariff and trading,had extensive and profound influences on the socioeconomic system.Further analysis indicated that the impact of climate change presented significant regional differences.The impact had its pros and cons,while the advantages outweighed the disadvantages.Based on the above analysis on the impacts of climate change,we put forward suggestions on coping with climate change.First,scientifically dealing with climate change will need to seek advantages while avoiding the disadvantages of climate change in order to achieve the orderly adaptation to climate change,which is characterized with"Overall best,long-term benefit."Second,quantitative adaptation should be given more attention,e.g.proposing operational schemes and predictable goals and using uncertainty analysis on adaptation measures.Third,more active coping strategy should be adopted to enhance China's future comprehensive competitiveness.The strategies include but are not limited to gradually adjusting the industrial structure,intensifying the research and development(R&D)of emission reduction technology and actively responding to the influence of carbon tax,tariff and trading on socioeconomic development in China.
文摘Colorectal cancer incidence and mortality in patients younger than 50 years are increasing, but screening before the age of 50 is not offered in Europe. Advancedstage diagnosis and mortality from colorectal cancer before 50 years of age are increasing. This is not a detection-bias effect;it is a real issue affecting the entire population. Three independent computational models indicate that screening from 45 years of age would yield a better balance of benefits and risks than the current start at 50 years of age. Experimental data support these predictions in a sex- and race-independent manner. Earlier screening is seemingly affordable, with minimal impediments to providing younger adults with colonoscopy. Indeed, the American Cancer Society has already started to recommend screening from 45 years of age in the United States. Implementing early screening is a societal and public health problem. The three independent computational models that suggested earlier screening were criticized for assuming perfect compliance. Guidelines and recommendations should be derived from well-collected and reproducible data, and not from mathematical predictions. In the era of personalized medicine, screening decisions might not be based solely on age, and sophisticated prediction software may better guide screening. Moreover, early screening might divert resources away from older individuals with greater biological risks. Finally, it is still unknown whether early colorectal cancer is part of a continuum of disease or a biologically distinct disease and, as such, it might not benefit from screening at all. The increase in early-onset colorectal cancer incidence and mortality demonstrates an obligation to take actions. Earlier screening would save lives, and starting at the age of 45 years may be a robust screening option.
文摘为深入了解粉煤灰在环境修复领域应用的最新研究进展、研究热点及发展趋势,客观反映相关国家(地区)、机构和个人在该领域的科学贡献和影响。本文采用ISI Web of Knowledge的Web of Science^(TM)核心合集数据库,数据可视化分析软件Citespace和HistCite Pro,对1990~2022年该库收录的相关文献进行了计量分析,从发文量TOP10的国家(地区)、高产作者、来源期刊、重要研究机构和研究方向热点等方面对1990年以来粉煤灰在环境修复领域的应用和研究现状进行了分析,对了解粉煤灰在环境修复领域的研究方向、发展趋势和研究热点具有指导意义。
文摘In China the desire to be taller is high （excuse the pun）, despite people＇s genetic make-up. It＇s a desire driven by the sheer volume of folk competing for partners, promotions and prime job offerings, where any advantage is sought in order to get a foot in the door. And with the vast numbers of job seekers competing for positions, recruiters behind those doors can afford to be picky. The word on the street is height means rapid advancement through the ranks. Many young professionals hold the common belief that taller people have more opportunity for promotion in the desperate climb up the corporate ladder.
文摘The Nineteenth Rare Earth Research Conference was held in Lexington, Kentucky, U.S.A. on July 14～19, 1991.The chairman of the General Conference is Prof. E.De Long, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Universi-ty of Kentucky, the chairman of program, committee is Prof. Herbert B. Silber and the editor in-chief of theproceedings is Dr. Lester R. Morss.The Rare Earth Research Conference(RERC)is held every two or three years and administered underthe auspices of the non-profit Rare Earth Research Conferences, Inc.. There have been 19 RERCs since the
文摘As a main pro-inflammatory factor, the up-regulation of TNF-α in RA patients plays a pivotal role in RA pathogenesis. The process of TNF production starts with the binding of a ligand( which is commonly a microbial product) to a cell surface Toll receptor, which stimulates a signal transduction pathway that activates NF - κB transcription factors. Activated NF - κB enters nuclei and induces the transcription of genes associated with inflammation, including those coding for TNF. The production of TNF and other inflammatory cytokines serves to recruit other inflammatory cells, which in turn release cytokines and subsequently amplify the immune response. TNF exerts its effect via binding of TNFRland TNFR2 receptors. Many experimental and clinical study have proved the effectiveness of TNF - αa ctivity blockade. Recent therapeutic interventions, including TNF - α and IL - 1 inhibitors, strongly support the importance of cytokines in RA. The mechanism of anti - TNF - α action in vivo is complex and probably includes suppression of other pro - inflammatory cytokines, decreased synovial cellular infiltration, interference with osteoclast activation, and decreased angiogenisis. Studies using anti -TNF agents clearly show that they can slow or prevent the progression of bone and cartilage damage in RA. This activity probably involves suppression of osteoclasts in joint lesions. Etanereept, Infliximab and adalimumab are the three main biologic agents that were fo-cused on clinically at present.
文摘PRO Chen Wei University student Civil servants deserve job security and more career options.Many current civil servants are well-educated and hold master＇s or even doctorate degrees.If they are offered other career opportunities, they may achieve greater success.It is often the case that capable graduates working in civil service can＇t get promoted despite putting in years of hard work. These individuals are passed over for promotion not because they are incompetent or not dedicated to their jobs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81301047)
文摘Autophagy plays an important role in the development and pathogenesis of various diseases. It can be induced by a variety of events such as hypoxia, nutrient-starvation, and mechanical damage. Many neurological disorders such Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, cerebral ischemia, and acute spinal cord injury (ASCI), are closely related to autophagy. However, therapeutic strategies to manipulate autophagy have not yet been fully deciphered due to the limited knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy in these disorders.
