Analysis of wild medicinal vascular plant resources and diversity in Dabie Mountains, Anhui Province

Dabie Mountains are located at the junction of Anhui,Henan and Hubei provinces in the East of China.With its varied altitude,climate,and soil texture,Dabie Mountains are extremely rich in wild plant resources.The 12th Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Resources Scientific Expedition Team of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University conducted a study on wild vascular plants resources,especially medicinal vascular plants,through field investigation,literature review and specimen identification.There were 472 species of vascular plants belonging to 347 genera and 125 families collected during July 2018 in this area,of which 424 species were medicinal vascular plants,accounting for 89.83%of the total.From the perspective of medicinal parts,most of the medicinal plants there have values in their roots and rhizomes,as well as the whole plants.The efficacy and characteristics of these pharmaceutical dimensions were also summarized and analyzed in detail.Besides,among the wild vascular plants collected,the most dominant families with the biggest numbers of species are Compositae,Lamiaceae,Liliaceae,Rosaceae,Leguminosae,Ranunculaceae,Saxifragaceae and Polygonaceae,and the dominant genus are Viola and Sedum.In terms of life form,perennial herbs are dominant,accounting for 55.72%of the total species,followed by some annual(or biennial)herbs,shrubs and lianas.Finally,recommendations are put forward for strengthening the protection and utilization of wild medicinal plant resources in Dabie Mountains.

Study on the Current Situation and Protection Countermeasures of Wild Plant Resources in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve

[Objective] The aim was to study the current situation and protection countermeasures of wild plant resources in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve. [Method] The current situation of wild plant resources in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve was researched by means of route survey, sample plot survey and literature survey, and then the main impact factors of wild plant resources were analyzed by using participatory rural appraisal and problem tree analysis, finally protection countermeasures were put forward according to current situation and main impact factors. [Result] There were 2 779 species of vascular plants belonging to 214 families and 1 012 genera (including subfamilies and varieties) in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve, among them, there existed 261 species of pteridophyte belonging to 41 families and 91 genera, 14 species of gymnosperm belonging to 6 families and 6 genera, and 2 504 species of angiosperm belonging to 167 families and 915 genera. Wild plant resources in reserve were mainly affected by planting under forest, habitat fragmentation, cutting trees, collection and utilization of no-timber products, development of animal husbandry, insufficient recognition of community residents to reserve management establishment and lots of floating population. In the future, wild plant resources in reserve could be protected through strengthening propaganda, education and management, enforcing the law strictly and other countermeasures. [Conclusion] The study could provide theoretical foundation for the protection of wild plant resources in Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve.

Analysis of plant resources and diversity in the southeast area of Taihang Mountains

Taihang Mountains are situated between Shanxi Province and the North China Plain,spanning Beijing,Hebei,Shanxi,and Henan provinces and cities.The mountains extend from northeast to southwest for over 400 km,naturally deviding the second step from the third one in China.The southeastern area of Taihang Mountains specifically refers to Changzhi City and Jincheng Administrative Region of Shanxi Province.Given Shanxi Province’s robust development plans for the southeast area of Taihang Mountains,the medicinal plant resources in this area will be affected.Therefore,it is imperative and urgent to conduct a comprehensive investigation and study on the medicinal plant resources in the southeast area of Taihang Mountains.By means of field investigation,literature review,and specimen identification,the plant resources and diversity of two counties in the southeast of Taihang Mountains were evaluated.The findings revealed 234 plants species across 172 genera in 70 families,primarily comprising angiosperms.The families with more species included Compositae,Leguminosae,Rosaceae,Labiatae,Ranunculaceae.Among the genera,those with more species were Cynanchum,Selaginella,Clematis,Thalictrum,and Rhamnus.A total of 114 medicinal plants were identified,constituting 48.72%of the total.Regarding medicinal parts,the concentration is in roots and rhizomes,followed by whole plants and fruits.On the basis of investigation and study,some suggestions on the development,utilization,and protection of medicinal plant resources in southeast Taihang Mountains were made.These suggestions provide valuable insights for the study on medicinal plant resources and vegetation in the southeast of Taihang Mountains,serving as a scientific basis for the protection and sustainable utilization of wild medicinal plant resources.

Protection and Quality Control of Wild Chinese Herbal Medicine Resources in Nature Reserves by Taking Longyuwan Scenic Spot Within Funiu Mountain Nature Reserve as an Example

This paper discussed how to protect and control the quality of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources in nature reserves by taking Longyuwan National Forest Park within Funiu Mountain Nature Reserve as an example. Through the combination of three methods including literature review, visiting and investigational studies, and field surveys, the data of investigation, collection and collation were analyzed. According to data of surveys, collection and collation, problems related to the protection of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources faced by Longyuwan Scenic Spot within Funiu Mountain Nature Reserve were also analyzed and protection strategies and quality control of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources in this nature reserve were discussed. It was expected that the results would provide important scientific references for the sustainable development, protection and quality control of wild Chinese herbal medicine resources within nature reserves.

Investigation and analysis of vascular plant resources and diversity in Wuyi Mountain,Fujian Province

Wuyi Mountain,located in the north of Fujian Province,China,is renowned for its abundant medicinal plant resources.In July 2014,the 8th(second team)of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University’s Chinese Medicine Resources Scientific Expedition Team conducted field investigation in the area.Through specimen collection and extensive literature review,the team identified and analyzed 223 vascular plant species from 175 genera and 85 families.The most dominant families were Compositae and Rosaceae,and perennial herbs were the predominant species,accounting for 44.39%of the total species identified.Notably,we documented five precious and rare medicinal plants unique to Wuyi Mountain.This study updates the database of plant resources and diversity in the region,providing a valuable reference for future studies.Finally,we put forward some suggestions to enhance the conservation and sustainable utilization of Wuyi Mountain’s plant resources.

Analysis of plant resources and diversity in Balluk Mountain, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Balluk Mountain is located between the Tianshan Mountains and the Altai Mountains in Xinjiang Province.Influenced by the humid air and diverse landforms of Lake Alacuri,the unique climate of Mount Baluk nourishes excellent pastures and supports numerous wildlife,making it rich in plant resources.The 9th Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Chinese Medicine Resources Scientific Expedition Team conducted field investigations,literature reviews,and specimen identification to study the plant resources and diversity of Balluk Mountain in Xinjiang Province.A total of 235 species of medicinal plants belonging to 59 families and 159 genera were collected during the period from July to August 2015 in this area.The dominant families observed were Asteraceae,Caryophyllaceae,Lamiaceae,Ranunculaceae,Rosaceae and Umbelliferae,with 35,11,14,12,27,and 13 species respectively.These families account for over 47.4%of the total species collected,though comprising only 10.2%of the total number of families.At the genus level,Artemisia was found to be the most dominant genus with eight species,contributing to 0.63%of the total genera,while representing 3.4%of the total species abundance.Overall,this study provides an updated analysis of the plant resources and diversity in Balluk Mountain.Several species have been identified to possess significant medicinal properties and hold potential for various research fields,including natural product chemistry and drug development.The study also offers practical and meaningful suggestions for strengthening the protection and utilization of plant resources in the area.By implementing these suggestions,we can better preserve the plant diversity in Balluk Mountain and ensure the sustainable use of these valuable resources.

Study on Resource Status and Protection Countermeasures of Wild Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations(PSESP)in Xinjiang

In recent years,the protection of PSESP has gradually become a hot issue in biodiversity research.Through the investigation and analysis of PSESP in Xinjiang,it is shown that:①there are 75 species of PSESP in Xinjiang,including 22 species of trees,18 species of shrubs and 35 species of herbs.The habitats are mainly in extremely cold,extremely dry or extremely narrow conditions such as snow line,desert,mountain,wetland and so on.②53 species(70.67%)are listed as national or autonomous region protected plants,and 22 species of PSESP are not listed in the protection;there are 70 species of PSESP listed in the red list,accounting for 93.33%.③The PSESP in Xinjiang are mainly distributed in the Altai Mountains,western Tianshan Mountains,Pamir Plateau and Karakoram Mountains;they are distributed in all kinds of nature reserves,forest parks,wetland parks and other natural ecological protection areas in Xinjiang.Ammopiptanthus nanus(M.Pop.)Cheng F.,Cistanche tubulosa(Schenk)Wight,Calligonum roborovskii A.Los.and Prunus cerasifera Ehrhart have not been found in the literature,indicating that they are distributed in protected areas.In order to provide a theoretical basis for the conservation of biodiversity in Xinjiang,this paper puts forward some suggestions on the protection of PSESP.

Analysis of wild vascular plant resources and diversity in Taibai Mountains of Qinling area,Shaanxi Province

Taibai Mountains,located at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains,are composed of the Yuan Taibai Mountain(also known as East Taibai Mountain),Aoshan Mountain(also known as West Taibai Mountain)and their connection part.With its complex geographical and climatic conditions,Taibai Mountains are extremely rich in wild plant resources.Based on field investigation,literature review and specimen identification,wild vascular plants resources and their diversity in Taibai Mountains were studied by the sixth Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Resources Scientific Expedition Team of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University.222 species of vascular plants belonging to 163 genera and 63 families were collected during July 2012 in this area,and most of the plants are angiosperms.The families with more species are Liliaceae,Ranunculaceae,Asteraceae,Rosaceae,and Saxifragaceae,and the dominant genus are Aconitum,Sedum,Eleutherococcus,Pedicularis,Polygonatum,and Patrinia.In terms of life form,perennial herbs are the main species,accounting for 72.97%of the total species,with others being some annual(or biennial)herbs,shrubs and lianas.Among all the collected vascular plants,170 species of them are medicinal vascular plants,accounting for 76.58%of the total.Most of the medicinal parts are roots and rhizomes,followed by the whole plants.Finally,on the basis of investigation and study,some suggestions are put forward to strengthen the protection and utilization of plant resources in Taibai Mountains.

Nutritional and medicinal characteristics of Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) for applications in healthcare industry by artificial cultivation: A review

Andrias davidianus,i.e.Chinese giant salamander(CGS),is one of the largest and oldest amphibians existing in the world and is also one of the valuable biological resources of China.Wild CGS has been threatened with extinction in the past decades due to over capturing,deterioration of natural environment,the slow breeding and growth of the wild species in nature.However,in the past twenty years,with the breakthrough and progress of artificial breeding technology by artificial insemination,the number of artificially cultivated CGS has increased rapidly.Artificially cultivated CGS can either be released to the CGS living environment to increase the population in nature or legally applied in food and medicinal industry as a feedstock due to the unique nutritional and medicinal values of CGS as recorded historically.In this review,the nutritional components,bioactive components and medicinal activities of the artificially cultivated CGS will be summarized.The mucus,skin,meat and bone of CGS contain many different bioactive substances thereby having various medicinal activities including anti-aging,anti-fatigue,anti-tumor,therapy of burn and anti-infection and other physiological functions.This paper will further discuss the potential applications of the artificially cultivated CGS in healthcare industry and prospects of future technological development.

Wild Soybean Germplasm Resources Conservation and Use in Shandong Province

Glycine soja or wild soybean is the wild ancestor of the soybean, being an important source for property improvement and variety breeding. With abundant wild soybeans, their habitat is undermining, and wild soybeans are facing increasing- ly threatened in Shandong if measures are not taken yet. Besides, wild soybean germplasm is far from further exploiting or using. The research analyzed status quo and problems of wild soybean germplasm posed countermeasures or suggestions in crop germplasm conservation and use. resources conservation and use and pro- order to provide references for agricultural crop germplasm conservation and use.

Investigation on vascular plant resources and their diversity in Wuzhishan,China

Wuzhishan,located in the central part of Hainan Island and characterized by undulating terrain and diverse vegetation,is rich in plants.In October 2020,field investigations were carried out by the 14th Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Chinese Medicine Resources Scientific Expedition Team.Through specimen collection and literature retrieval,the team collected and analyzed vascular plants,resulting in the identification of 455 species belonging to 328 genera in 145 families.The dominant families are Leguminosae,Malvaceae,Compositae,Rubiaceae,Lauraceae,Pteridaceae,and Polypodiaceae.The main dominant species were perennial herb,comprising 147 species,32.31%of the total.From the 367 species of medicinal vascular plants,the team screened and recorded 20 species of Li medicine according to indications of the medicinal use and the part of the plant used.As a result,the dominant families of vascular plants were similar to medicinal vascular plants,which means vascular plants is an important medicinal resource in Wuzhishan.Based on the investigation and research,further suggestions were made to strengthen the conservation and utilization of plant resources in Wuzhishan.

四川省国家重点保护药用植物资源调查研究

四川省地跨青藏高原、横断山脉、云贵高原、秦巴山地、四川盆地等几大地貌单元,复杂的生态环境造就了丰富的植物物种。基于四川省第四次全国中药资源普查成果,按照《国家重点保护野生植物(2021年版)》中的植物目录,结果表明四川拥有国家重点保护药用植物共42科、65属、116种(含种以下等级),其中一级保护有荷叶铁线蕨等9种,二级保护有金毛狗等107种。四川省珍稀濒危药用植物分布具有明显的地域性,乐山、甘孜分布最多,垂直性分布明显,甘孜州、阿坝州等高海拔区域分布多达57种。四川省重点保护药用植物的濒危原因多为人为破坏和环境破坏造成,建议加强珍稀濒危药用植物资源的保护力度,合理开发利用。

馆藏优秀传统文化资源再生性保护与价值释放——基于中医药古籍的调查分析

通过调查统计河南省各类图书馆、文博单位等中医药古籍资源存藏、保护、整理和利用情况,分析河南省中医药古籍资源馆藏开发整理存在的问题,提出“加强中医药古籍保护与利用工作的领导与统筹”“深入挖掘整理河南省中医药古籍资源”“确定重点保护对象,推进中医药古籍多层级保护”“加大中医药古籍保护领域复合型人才培养力度”“加强中医药古籍艺术与文化价值的发掘与传播”等推动河南省中医药发展的举措。

山东海岸单叶蔓荆现状分析及保护对策

单叶蔓荆是蔓荆子药材的来源,也是重要的野生海岸保护植被,是聚社会、生态、药用价值于一体的重要资源。鉴于目前单叶蔓荆资源受到严重破坏实情,以第四次全国中药资源普查数据为基础,结合实地调研,对山东省单叶蔓荆资源分布情况和资源特点进行分析,并针对目前单叶蔓荆资源栖息地受损严重、种质资源单一、市场效益欠佳等主要问题,提出建立保护基地、选育新品种、多用途开发等多条针对性对策建议,旨在为沿海沙质海岸单叶蔓荆种源的保护和发展利用提供客观依据。

山东省济南市钢城区中药资源现状调查及分析

为摸清山东省济南市钢城区中药资源分布现状,按照全国第四次中药资源普查的统一要求,通过野外调查、内业整理、数据分析等过程对钢城区野外药用植物资源的分布、中药材栽培等进行调查梳理。结果表明:钢城区现有野生中药资源180种,隶属于65科、151属,其中优势科有菊科、豆科、十字花科等,野生商陆、茜草、益母草的蕴藏量较大,野生中药资源中有69种被《中国药典》2020版收录;栽培品种丹参、黄芩、山楂、花椒、金银花、生姜的种植面积较大,其中白花丹参为地理标志性资源。本次资源普查对钢城区的野生药用植物资源种类和分布进行了全面了解,为区域性中药资源的开发利用以及中药产业可持续发展提供了科学依据。

太宽河野生蕙兰濒危机制分析与保护研究

[目的]为野生蕙兰(Cymbidium faberi Rolfe)种质资源的保护与利用提供科学依据,为太宽河自然保护区管理局野生蕙兰种群繁育和恢复奠定基础。[方法]采用固定样方法,对野生蕙兰的资源进行调查,运用濒危系数分析法,以能够反映蕙兰濒危程度的活株数、自然枯死株数、幼苗数、开花植株数、坐果植株数、动物啃咬株数、人为采挖株数作为评价指标,对野生蕙兰濒危程度进行了定量分析。[结果]各指标濒危系数表现为动物啃咬濒危系数(C动)0.99>坐果濒危系数(C果)0.93>幼苗濒危系数(C苗)0.89>开花濒危系数(C花)0.88>活株濒危系数(C活)0.83>人为采挖濒危系数(C人)0.71>自然枯死濒危系数(C枯)0.53。调查结果显示,综合濒危系数为0.82,依据国际濒危物种等级新标准,处于濒危状态,其中野生动物危害较大和自我更新能力差是导致保护区内野生蕙兰濒危的主要因素,同时与人的因素也密不可分。[结论]建议建立以保护野生蕙兰为主的重点保护区域,积极开展以野生蕙兰种群恢复为主的科学研究;设立野生动物补饲点,减少对野生蕙兰资源的破坏;加大宣传力度,禁止非法采挖、放牧等人为干扰行为。

彝族医药研究现状与思考

彝族医药是彝族文化的结晶,也是我国少数民族医药的重要组成部分。彝医药在漫长的历史长河中护佑着彝族人民的生命健康,发展至今仍有独特的文化内涵和临床效应。从彝族医药的研究现状、资源保护与利用、彝族医药发展中面临的问题三个方面进行归纳总结,并提出相应的对策,以期为彝族医药进一步发展提供参考。

基于专利视角的山豆根产业链开发现状评价与建议

从专利视角分析山豆根产业链并作出战略[优势(Strengths)、劣势(Weaknesses)、机会(Opportunities)和威胁(Threats),SWOT]评述,为其进一步开发提供了数据支撑和理论依据。对全球专利数据库进行详细检索并进行综合统计分析,从数量、质量、技术组成和分布等多个维度全面总结了山豆根专利的现状。其次,采用SWOT模型对山豆根专利开发现状进行了评价,并提出了相应的发展建议。结果表明,山豆根作为一种传统中药材,在医药、农业和食品等领域有着广泛的应用和开发价值,但也面临着种质资源保护、技术创新和知识产权保护等方面的挑战。期望通过本文的分析能够对山豆根产业链相关从业人员提供一定的参考和借鉴。

珠海市斗门区野生药用植物资源的现状调查

目的:摸清珠海市斗门区野生药用植物资源现状,为该区药用植物资源的保护和可持续利用提供科学依据。方法:根据第四次全国中药资源普查技术规范要求,采取样方和样线相结合的调查方法,对斗门区野生药用植物资源进行统计分析。结果:斗门区共有野生药用植物618种,隶属于136科413属,被子植物占绝大多数,占总种数的94.98%;以菊科、豆科、大戟科植物多见;生活型以灌木和草本植物为主,占总种数的75.08%;重点药用植物78种,均被2020年版中国药典收录;国家二级重点保护的野生药用植物共有5种。与第三次全国中药资源普查相比,斗门区的药用植物增加了327种,其物种变化率达112.37%。结论:斗门区分布的野生药用植物资源多样性特性明显,具有较大的社会经济发展价值以及资源利用的潜力。

贵州省威宁县全国第四次中药资源普查野生药用植物资源多样性分析与综合价值评价

采用样地+样线调查法对贵州省威宁县野生药用资源进行调查,结合文献分析其资源的多样性与综合价值。调查结果显示,威宁县野生药用植物有130科392属658种,主要由菊科等优势科、水龙骨科等大型科和松科等中型科组成,多年生草本植物最多,入药部位以根及根茎类和全草类为主,有蕴藏量的达17科21属22种,其中综合价值高的物种有天葵、青牛胆等11种,表明威宁县野生药用植物资源多样性丰富、综合价值总体较高,且威宁县野生药材资源主要以寒凉、平性药材为主。可以有针对性地对威宁县寒凉性和平性药用植物资源进行开发利用和研究,加强该县综合价值高的野生药用植物资源保护,为该县中药资源的可持续开发利用提供依据。