QTL Mapping and Q×E Interactions of Grain Cooking and Nutrient Qualities in Rice Under Upland and Lowland Environments

Grain cooking and nutrient qualities are the most important components of rice （Oryza sativa L.） quality. A doubled haploid （DH） population from a cross between two japonica cultivars was used to examine the phenotypic values and potential QTLs for the quality traits. The cooking and nutrient quality traits, including the amylose content （AC）, the gel consistency （CJC）, the gelatinization temperature （GT）, and the protein content （PC）, in rice grown under upland and lowland environments were evaluated. Significant differences for AC, GC, GT, and PC between upland and lowland environments were detected. The phenotypic values of all four traits were higher under upland environment than lowland environment. The value of PC under upland environment was significantly higher （by 37.9%） than that under lowland environment. This suggests that upland cultivation had large effect on both cooking and nutrient qualifies. A total of seven QTLs and twelve pairs of QTLs were detected to have significant additive and epistatic effects for the four traits. Significant Q x E interaction effects of two QTLs and two pairs of QTLs were also discovered. The general contribution of additive QTLs ranged from 1.91% to 19.77%. The Q × E interactions of QTLs QGt3 and QAc6 accounted for 8.99% and 47.86% of the phenotypic variation, respectively, whereas those of the 2 pairs of epistatic QTLs, QAc6-QAcllb and QAc8-QAc9, accounted for 32.54% and 11.82%, respectively. Five QTLs QGt6b, QGt8, QGt11, QGcl, and QPc2, which had relatively high general contribution and no Q x E interactions, were selected to facilitate the upland rice grain quality breeding.

Genetic and Genotype × Environment Interaction Effects for Appearance Quality of Rice

This study was conducted to generate genetic information in rice varieties based on a complete diallel crosses over two years. The results indicated that genotype effect was significant for all traits. Genotype × environment interaction effects were significant only for cooked grain length （CGL） and cooked grain shape （CGSH）. General combining ability （GCA） and specific combining ability （SCA） effects were significant for entire traits, which indicated the important roles of both additive and non-additive gene actions. GCA x environment interaction effects were significant for CGL, CGSH and grain elongation index （GEI）. In the controlling of the inheritance of milled grain shape （GSH）, milled grain width （MGW）, GEI, milled grain length （MGL）, CGSH and cooked grain width （CGW）, the additive gene effects were more important than non-additive one. The average degree of dominance was within the range of partial dominance for all of the traits. The narrow-sense heritability was ranged from 0.65 （GSH） to 0.36 （CGL）. GCA effects were significant for all of the parents in milled grain length and it was significant for some of the parents in other traits. The crosses of Deilmani × IRFAON-215 exhibited significant SCA for GEI. The positive mean of heterosis was observed for CGW. The highest maximum values of heterosis were revealed in GEI, flowed by GSH, MGW and CGW. GCA and MPV were significantly and positively correlated together for all traits.

Implementation of Level-3 Autonomous Patient-Specific Quality Assurance with Automated Human Interactive Devices

Purpose: Patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) requires manual operation of different workstations, which is time-consuming and error-prone. Therefore, developing automated solutions to improve efficiency and accuracy is a priority. The purpose of this study was to develop a general software interface with scripting on a human interactive device (HID) for improving the efficiency and accuracy of manual quality assurance (QA) procedures. Methods: As an initial application, we aimed to automate our PSQA workflow that involves Varian Eclipse treatment planning system, Elekta MOSAIQ oncology information system and PTW Verisoft application. A general platform, the AutoFrame interface with two imbedded subsystems—the AutoFlow and the PyFlow, was developed with a scripting language for automating human operations of aforementioned systems. The interface included three functional modules: GUI module, UDF script interpreter and TCP/IP communication module. All workstations in the PSQA process were connected, and most manual operations were automated by AutoFrame sequentially or in parallel. Results: More than 20 PSQA tasks were performed both manually and using the developed AutoFrame interface. On average, 175 (±12) manual operations of the PSQA procedure were eliminated and performed by the automated process. The time to complete a PSQA task was 8.23 (±0.78) minutes for the automated workflow, in comparison to 13.91 (±3.01) minutes needed for manual operations. Conclusion: We have developed the AutoFrame interface framework that successfully automated our PSQA procedure, and significantly reduced the time, human (control/clicking/typing) errors, and operators’ stress. Future work will focus on improving the system’s flexibility and stability and extending its operations to other QA procedures.

GIS-Hydrogeochemical Model of the YaoundéFractured Rock Aquifer, Cameroon: Aquifer Setting, Seasonal Variations in Groundwater-Rock Interaction and Water Quality

This study of the gneiss-fractured-rock aquifer in Yaoundé capital of Cameroon determines: the aquifer setting-flow systems, the aquifer type, seasonal variations in rock-water interactions, evolution of the hydrogeochemical processes, physicochemical parameters and the suitability for domestic-agro-industrial use of the groundwater. Physicochemical field tests were carried out on 445 wells during four seasons for EC, pH, TDS, Temperature and static water level from July 2016 to May 2017. 90 well samples were analyzed 45 samples per season: wet/dry. 38 borewell logs were used together with structural data to determine the aquifer setting. The field physico-chemical and laboratory analysis data of well samples were mounted unto various GIS software platforms: Global mapper, AqQa, Aquachem, Rockworks, Logplot7, Surfer and ArcGIS, to get indices/parameters/figures, by use of Durov’s, Piper’s and Gibbs diagrams, Water quality index WQI, USSL ratio, Sodium Absorption ratio SAR, Percent sodium %Na, Kelly Ratio KR, Magnesium Absorption Ratio MAR, Total Hardness TH, Residual Sodium Carbonate RSC and Permeability Index PI that were determined. The process of groundwater ions acquisition is three-fold: by recharge through atmospheric precipitation, by ion exchange/simple dissolution between the rock-groundwater and by groundwater mixing in its flow path. Water types are Ca-HCO3, Mg-HCO3 and Mg-Cl while hydrogeochemical facies are Ca-Mg-HCO3 and Ca-Mg-Cl-SO4. Most water samples are fresh, potable and soft all seasons. The hydrogeological conceptual model is that of a three-layered single phreatic fractured-rock-aquifer while other researchers postulated a two-aquifer, phreatic and semi-confined, two-layered model.

Review of Intercultural Service Encounters:Cross-cultural Interactions and Service Quality,Edited by Piyush Sharma,Switzerland,Springer,2019,pp.vii+101,€54,99(hbk),ISBN 978-3-319-91940-9;€46(ebk),ISBN 978-3-319-91941-6

Since the 1990s,globalization has aroused people’s attention constantly.Meanwhile,with more and more immigrants,migrant workers,international students,foreign tourists,and business people,cross-cultural interaction has increased dramatically.Consequently,the communication and interaction between service employees and customers from different cultural backgrounds is getting frequent.Services have gotten great profits from the phenomenon which is known as intercultural service encounters(ICSE).For one who has contributed a lot to ICSE,Piyush Sharma in his book Intercultural Service Encounters:Cross-cultural Interactions and Service Quality attempts to concentrate on some significant factors closely related to ICSE,from the perspective of service employees.Account for Piyush Sharma’s novel view on the relationship of employees and customers in the process of ICSE,here is a review of his work.For each part of Piyush Sharma’s volume,this review gives readers a brief and concise summary,which is followed by comprehensive comments of the reviewer.This review is a good guidance and introduction for those who are interested in ICSE and those who major in foreign languages and marketing management to have a good command of Piyush Sharma’s volume.

A Study on Teacher-Child Interaction from the Perspective of Children

Children’s perspective is based on their own cognitive level in understanding objective things.The study of children’s perspective is a bottom-up research process under the premise of having a full respect for a child’s view.With the change of views about children in recent years,“children’s perspective”has become a new research direction.At the same time,teacher-child interaction,as an important means of evaluating the quality of kindergarten education,requires a bottom-up perspective from children.This study hopes to understand children’s emotional experience in the process of teacher-child interaction as well as their understanding and evaluation of their own experience by exploring their perspectives on the interaction,so as to better improve the quality of teacher-child interaction in kindergarten.

Grey information coverage interaction relational decision making and its application

This study aims to reflect the information coverage grey number and the interaction between attributes in grey relational decision making. Therefore, a multi-attribute decision method based on the grey information coverage interaction relational degree(GIRD) is proposed. Firstly, this paper defines the information coverage grey number, and establishes the GIRD model by using the Choquet fuzzy integral and grey relational principle. It proves that the proposed model not only is the general and unified form of the point relational degree, interval relational degree, mixed relational degree and grey fuzzy integral relational degree, but also can effectively deal with the interaction between attributes. Further,a decision making example of evaluating the industrial operation quality for 14 cities in Hunan province of China is provided to highlight the implementation, availability, and feasibility of the proposed decision model.

Gene-environment interaction and male reproductive function

As genetic factors can hardly explain the changes taking place during short time spans, environmental and lifestyle-related factors have been suggested as the causes of time-related deterioration of male reproductive function. However, considering the strong heterogeneity of male fecundity between and within populations, genetic variants might be important determinants of the individual susceptibility to the adverse effects of environment or lifestyle. Although the possible mechanisms of such interplay in relation to the reproductive system are largely unknown, some recent studies have indicated that specific genotypes may confer a larger risk of male reproductive disorders following certain exposures. This paper presents a critical review of animal and human evidence on how genes may modify environmental effects on male reproductive function. Some examples have been found that support this mechanism, but the number of studies is still limited. This type of interaction studies may improve our understanding of normal physiology and help us to identify the risk factors to male reproductive malfunction. We also shortly discuss other aspects of gene-environment interaction specifically associated with the issue of reproduction, namely environmental and lifestyle factors as the cause of sperm DNA damage. It remains to be investigated to what extent such genetic changes, by natural conception or through the use of assisted reproductive techniques, are transmitted to the next generation, thereby causing increased morbidity in the offspring.

Quality Requirements for Multimedia Interactive Informative Systems

Multimedia Interactive Informative Systems (MIIS) are software applications resulting from the convergence of multiples technologies such as audiovisual, computing and communication. They aim to transmit information to a large, diverse and dispersed public. As with other mass media, the fulfillment of MIIS goals depends largely on the quality of communication between the system and end users. Therefore, those systems should be developed in order to ensure that this quality requirement is satisfied. If MIIS are constructed according to usual software engineering practices, the analysis discipline of the development process includes requirements identification and specification;however, these techniques are focused on functional requirements, and they do not give much importance to non-functional requirements. In this paper, we propose a development process based on the production of videogames which has two different phases: preproduction and production. The first phase, corresponding to requirements identification, derives into the concept of system. In order to translate this concept into a specification, we propose the use of new communicational attributes and a MIIS metamodel. The establishment of MIIS non-functional specification is the result of analyzing class diagrams through quality attributes. In order to evaluate if the specifications are responding to communicational attributes, a functional prototype is built and evaluated with end users. The proposed methodology is applied to a real case study.

Designing generation Y interactions:The case of YPhone

Background With an increasing number of products becoming digital,mobile,and networked,paying attention to the quality of interactions with such products is also becoming more relevant.Although the quality of such interactions has been addressed in several scientific studies,little attention has been paid to their implementation in real life and everyday contexts.Methods This paper describes the development of a novel office phone prototype,called YPhone,which demonstrates the application of a specific set of Generation Y interaction qualities(instantaneous,playful,collaborative,expressive,responsive,and flexible)in the context of office work.The working prototype supports office workers in experiencing new types of interactions.It was set out in practice through a series of evaluations.Results We found that the playful,expressive,responsive,and flexible qualities incur greater trust than the instantaneous and collaborative qualities.Such qualities can be grouped,although this may differ for different evaluated products,and researchers must be cautious about generalizations.Conclusions The overall evaluation was deemed positive,with some valuable suggestions provided regarding its user interactions and features.

Ecological Study on Bacteria-Zooplankton Interaction in Domat AI-Gandal Lake, AL-Jouf Area, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

A year-long survey of some physical parameters （water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity）, chemical parameters （Biological Oxygen Demand ＂BOD＂, Chemical Oxygen Demand ＂COD＂, nitrate, ammonia, orthophosphate） and some biological （zooplankton） and microbiological （total bacteria, indicator bacteria, pathogenic bacteria） components in Domat AI-Gandal Lake was conducted. Water samples were collected seasonally from spring 2004 to winter 2005. Four locations on the Lake were sampled in order to evaluate the condition of the Lake. To investigate the possible effect of zooplankton in controlling the presence of faecal indicator bacteria, a 24 hour experiment was carried out to examine this hypothesis as well as the grazing pressure of zooplankton on the bacterial community of the Lake. The results showed that variations in season temperature affected the zooplankton and density of bacteria in the Lake. Zooplankton was composed by Protozoa 75%, Rotifera 20.6%, Cladocera 3% and Copepoda 2%. The reduction rates for the tested faecal pollution indicators in presence of zooplankton predators were remarkable （up to 99%）. In conclusion zooplankton, especially protozoa, was found to play an important role as biological control against bacterial indicators of faecal pollution.

Mobile Interaction Capturing System in Real Environments

Mobile applications are being used in a great range of fields and application areas. As a result, many research fields have focused on the study and improvement of such devices. The current Smartphones are the best example of the research and the evolution of these technologies. Moreover, the software design and development is progressively more focused on the user; finding and developing new mobile interaction models. In order to do so, knowing what kind of problems the users could have is vital to enhance a bad interaction design. Unfortunately, a good software quality evaluation takes more time than the companies can invest. The contribution revealed in this work is a new approach to quality testing methodology focused on mobile interactions and their context in use where external capturing tools, such as cameras, are suppressed and the evaluation environments are the same as the user will use the application. By this approach, the interactions can be captured without changing the context and consequently, the data will be more accurate, enabling the evaluation of the quality-in-use in real environments.

新质生产力与体育科技创新的交互促进机理及实践路径

新质生产力作为激发体育事业高质量发展的强大动能,其与体育科技创新双向交互驱动是必然要求。从协同性视角分析了新质生产力与体育科技创新双向交互作用机制:从外在协同看,新质生产力驱动体育科技创新;从内在协同看,体育科技创新反哺新质生产力;从空间协同看,新质生产力与体育科技创新双向交互的载体多样;从目标协同看,交互价值指向体育事业高质量发展。在剖析新质生产力与体育科技创新交互驱动困境的基础上,提出具体促进路径:完善催生新质生产力的体育科技创新体制机制;推动体育科技与体育产业深度融合;优化体育科技创新的资源配置;加快体育科技创新型人才培育。

基于气机升降理论的针灸组方对心肾不交型失眠患者睡眠质量和睡眠进程的影响

目的探讨分析基于气机升降理论的针灸组方对心肾不交型失眠患者睡眠质量和睡眠进程的影响。方法前瞻性选取2019年1月—2021年12月收治入院的84例心肾不交型失眠患者根据随机数字表法分为治疗A组(42例)和治疗B组(42例)。治疗A组予以常规针法治疗,治疗B组患者则予以基于气机升降理论的针灸组方治疗。评估两组患者的实际睡眠总时间、PSQI量表评分、睡眠进程参数、入睡时间、日间功能障碍以及不良反应。结果干预后两组纳入患者的PSQI量表评分较干预前均有了显著改善(P<0.05),且干预后治疗B组患者的PSQI量表评分显著低于治疗A组(P<0.05);干预后两组纳入患者的睡眠进程参数指标较干预前均有显著改善(P<0.05),且干预后治疗B组患者的总睡眠时间、睡眠效率指标显著高于治疗A组,而睡眠潜伏期、觉醒时间指标则显著低于治疗A组(P<0.05);干预后两组纳入患者入睡时间、日间功能障碍较干预前均显著降低(P<0.05),且干预后治疗B组患者的入睡时间、日间功能障碍均显著低于治疗A组(P<0.05);干预后两组纳入患者的实际睡眠总时间较干预前均有了显著改善(P<0.05),且干预后治疗B组患者的实际睡眠总时间显著高于治疗A组(P<0.05);两组心肾不交型失眠患者在治疗期间均未出现严重不良反应,干预方案安全性良好。治疗A组患者出现穿刺处血肿4例、穿刺处感染2例、滞针4例,总出现率为23.81%(10/42);治疗B组患者出现穿刺处血肿1例、穿刺处感染0例、滞针1例,总出现率为4.76%(2/42),且治疗B组患者的总出现率显著低于治疗A组(P<0.05)。结论基于气机升降理论的针灸组方治疗心肾不交型失眠患者,其临床干预效果显著,可有效改善患者的PSQI量表评分以及睡眠进程参数,缩短入睡时间,提高实际睡眠总时间,缓解日间功能障碍,且不良反应少。

企业数字化转型与政府数字化治理对创新“提质增量”的协同影响机制研究

基于数字化赋能理论,以2016—2021年396家高技术制造业上市公司为样本,从微观和宏观两个维度出发探究企业数字化转型和政府数字化治理赋能企业创新“提质增量”的作用机理,并采用多项式回归、响应面分析及块变量分析技术剖析其交互协同机制,明晰数字经济推动企业创新“提质增量”的多维路径,研究结果表明:(1)企业数字化转型能促进企业创新“增量”,不能促进创新“提质”;政府数字化治理能促进企业创新“提质增量”。(2)企业数字化转型和政府数字化治理存在交互协同效应,能显著促进企业创新“提质增量”,并且在平衡状态下,二者处于双高水平时企业创新表现更好,在非平衡状态下,呈现政府数字化治理的“主导逻辑”。(3)政企之间的交互协同可以通过降低管理性交易成本,缓解信息不对称性来促进企业创新“提质增量”。研究结论丰富了数字经济与企业创新相关研究,为企业走出创新“轻质量、重数量”困境提供了新的路径,为政府部门落实数字经济政策和优化创新环境提供了新的参考。

数字金融与经济高质量发展:双向赋能还是单向驱动——基于时空交互视角

本文以中国30个省份为研究对象,应用耦合协调度模型考察数字金融与经济高质量发展耦合协调时空演变特征,刻画两者相互影响、相互作用的典型事实后,构建空间联立方程模型研究数字金融与经济高质量发展的交互作用。研究发现:数字金融与经济高质量发展存在耦合协调关系,时序演化上两者耦合协调度呈现稳定上升趋势,且表现出区域间的差异性和收敛性,但仍存在较大提升空间;空间演变上表现为明显的“分散→聚集”特征。在本地内,数字金融与经济高质量发展已形成双向赋能的良性循环,数字金融赋能经济高质量发展存在“中部>西部>东部”的强度差异,经济高质量发展赋能数字金融的提质效应明显高于增量效应。在邻域内,仅存在着数字金融对经济高质量发展的单向驱动作用,暂未实现双向赋能。

品质导向的粮油食品精准加工分子基础与调控

粮油是国家最重要的战略物资,粮油食品产业在国民经济中起着基础作用,深度关系着国计民生和国民健康。粮食和油料中营养组分丰富及其多尺度结构复杂,且加工方式多变,进而影响粮油食品的感官、安全特性和消化吸收、营养健康效应。本文通过系统梳理粮油食品发展现状及产业战略意义,品质导向的粮油食品加工与制造发展现状及面临的挑战,提出从粮油食品的加工过程控制,营养组分多尺度结构变化与结构重构,多维度品质特性调控3个角度,系统解析基于品质导向的粮油食品精准加工的结构基础与调控机制,重点探讨粮油食品中主要营养组分的加工适应性、互作机制,粮油食品加工对感官品质、健康品质和安全品质等品质特性的影响,多维品质与加工过程构效关系与关联调控机制等制约粮油食品未来发展的研究方向,以期建立品质导向的粮油食品精准加工的理论基础、技术方法和新型绿色加工策略,为创制感官、安全和健康品质协同提升的营养健康粮油食品提供理论支撑,推动我国粮油食品加工产业的高质量发展。

社会交往内卷化对进城农民工就业质量的影响研究

实现农民工高质量就业是解决收入不平等、实现共同富裕的一个重要途径。文章基于2017年中国流动人口动态监测调查(CMDS)数据,构建OLS、Probit回归模型探讨了社会交往内卷化对进城农民工就业质量的影响和作用机制。研究发现,社会交往内卷化显著抑制进城农民工就业质量的提升,分维度回归结果显示,社会交往内卷化抑制了农民工劳动合同的签订以及医疗保险的获取,同时也增加了工作时间,但并没有发现社会交往内卷化对其工资水平有不利影响;机制检验表明,社会交往内卷化通过降低居留意愿、减少工会参与、强化就业歧视而抑制进城农民工就业质量的提升;异质性分析显示,社会交往内卷化对“新生代”农民工就业质量的影响更大。因此,应当加深进城农民工的城市融合,优化制度设计并加强劳动监管,推动农民工居留意愿长期化,增加教育培训投入等。

基于Cox健康行为互动模式的护理措施在宫颈癌患者护理中的应用

目的探讨基于Cox健康行为互动模式的护理措施在宫颈癌患者护理中的应用效果。方法选择2022年3月至2023年3月新乡医学院第一附属医院收治的96例宫颈癌术后患者作为研究对象,按随机数表法将患者分为对照组和观察组各48例。对照组患者术后采用常规护理,观察组患者在对照组护理的基础上给予基于Cox健康行为互动模式的护理措施,两组患者均接受护理至出院,出院后均随访3周。护理结束后出院时,比较两组患者的术后恢复情况(手术切口愈合时间、留置导尿管时间、住院时间)以及护理前、护理后T淋巴细胞亚群中CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平;随访3周回院复查时,比较两组患者的生活质量量表(SF-36)评分;护理结束后出院时,比较两组患者对护理工作的满意度。结果观察组患者的手术切口愈合时间、住院时间、留置导尿管时间分别为(7.60±1.39)d、(1.50±0.24)周、(17.78±2.11)d,明显短于对照组的(10.55±1.51)d、(2.54±0.30)周、(20.10±2.32)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者护理后的CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)水平分别为(70.64±11.67)%、(39.91±5.23)%、1.50±0.27,明显高于对照组的(66.25±11.32)%、(35.21±5.08)%、1.24±0.18,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);随访3周回院复查时,观察组患者的家庭生活、精神活力、社交能力、心理承受评分分别为(36.14±1.58)分、(36.02±1.57)分、(37.10±2.55)分、(36.26±2.31)分,明显高于对照组的(32.31±1.62)分、(30.15±1.63)分、(32.19±2.40)分、(33.11±2.14)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者对护理工作的满意度为95.83%,明显高于对照组的83.33%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于Cox健康行为互动模式的护理措施在宫颈癌患者术后护理中的应用效果良好,能促进患者术后恢复,提高免疫功能和生活质量。

基于健康行为互动模式构建的系统干预措施在老年卒中后疲劳患者的应用效果

目的探讨基于健康行为互动模式在老年卒中后疲劳患者的应用效果。方法选取2021年10月—2023年7月于江油市人民医院诊治老年卒中后疲劳的124例患者,采用简单随机化法将患者分为观察组与对照组,每组62例。对照组接受常规措施干预,观察组在常规措施干预基础上加用基于健康行为互动模式构建的系统干预措施。分别采用脑卒中疲劳严重程度量表(FSS)、康复自我效能量表(SSEQ)、脑卒中专用生活质量量表(SS-QOL)评估并比较2组患者疲劳严重程度、自我效能和生活质量水平。结果干预前,2组患者FSS、SSEQ及SS-QOL评分差异均无统计学意义(P>005)。干预后,观察组FSS评分低于对照组,而观察组SSEQ评分、SS-QOL评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于健康行为互动模式构建的系统干预措施可能有效地降低老年卒中患者卒中后疲劳严重程度,提高患者自我管理主动性、自我效能和生活质量。