The relations between man and nature reflected by evolution of Neolithic production tools in the Three Gorges region of Yangtze River is discussed in this paper.Our results show that there is a good correlation betwee...The relations between man and nature reflected by evolution of Neolithic production tools in the Three Gorges region of Yangtze River is discussed in this paper.Our results show that there is a good correlation between the percentage vibration of cutting tool types and the environmental evolution indicated by the natural profile nearby.It is possible for ancestors from the Three Gorges region to learn the advantage of mortise and tenon in the early Neolithic Age because they used the stones as vital tools for processing woods.The hunting method in the early Neolithic is throwing,which was inherited in the mid-Neolithic Age when hunting with arrow and bow was developed.Fishing tools are found at the same period.Numbers of net sinkers and spinning wheels unearthed from the strata of the Western Zhou Dynasty from Zhongba Site reveal the fact of fishing with net,while a mass of fishbone pits indi- cate the powerful productivity brought by new production tools.Quantity of stone spades and stone hoes proves that cultivation agriculture by hoe is extremely attached importance by the ancestors in the Three Gorges region.Moreover,the developed agriculture in Daxi Culture at Zhongbao Island benefits from the landform,climate,traffic location,etc.Otherwise,the reason that the farming tools declined in the late Neolithic Age is related to the extreme flood during the early Xia Dynasty and the fishing hunting preference of some ancient settlements.This research shows that ancestors of the Three Gorges region during the Neolithic Age attached importance to fish hunting and cultivation, fought against the natural environment by production tools,constantly created and improved them, then comprehensively utilized them to evolve the relations between man and nature.展开更多
Urban environment encompasses ecological andcultural environments.Any change in the first will invite corre-sponding change in the latter.Urban environment commands thedual impact—biology and sociology.In building up...Urban environment encompasses ecological andcultural environments.Any change in the first will invite corre-sponding change in the latter.Urban environment commands thedual impact—biology and sociology.In building up urbanecosystem,priority should be given to development of human re-sources.展开更多
目的了解男男性行为人群(man who have sex with men,MSM)人群中HIV感染者的特征及艾滋病相关因素的变化趋势,为MSM人群干预提供针对性的建议。方法对2006-2009年4次横断面调查发现的HIV感染者的资料进行统计分析,比较趋势变化。结果 20...目的了解男男性行为人群(man who have sex with men,MSM)人群中HIV感染者的特征及艾滋病相关因素的变化趋势,为MSM人群干预提供针对性的建议。方法对2006-2009年4次横断面调查发现的HIV感染者的资料进行统计分析,比较趋势变化。结果 2006-2009年发现的HIV感染者呈现低龄化,未婚比例、大专及以上文化程度感染者的比例及学生所占比例呈上升的趋势。最近1次与男性发生肛交时安全套使用率由2006年的48.4%上升至2009年的68.0%,最近6个月与男性发生肛交时每次都使用安全套的比例由2006年的17.2%上升至2007年的34.9%(P=0.016),梅毒感染率由2006年的16.3%上升至2009年的27.0%。2006-2009年接受干预服务的比例均低于40%。结论 MSM人群中的HIV感染者呈现低龄化、安全套使用率及接受干预服务比例低,合并梅毒感染率高,急需对MSM人群及其感染者开展更具针对性的干预工作。展开更多
基金Supported by the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.90411015)the University Doctoral Foundation(Grant No.20050284011)+2 种基金the Foundation of Important Basic Research at Nanjing University(Grant No.0209005206)Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology from the Institute of Earth Environment,CAS(Grant No.SKLLQG0503)the Physical Geography of"985"Items and the Test Foundation of Modern Analyses Center of Nanjing University(Grant No.0209001309)
文摘The relations between man and nature reflected by evolution of Neolithic production tools in the Three Gorges region of Yangtze River is discussed in this paper.Our results show that there is a good correlation between the percentage vibration of cutting tool types and the environmental evolution indicated by the natural profile nearby.It is possible for ancestors from the Three Gorges region to learn the advantage of mortise and tenon in the early Neolithic Age because they used the stones as vital tools for processing woods.The hunting method in the early Neolithic is throwing,which was inherited in the mid-Neolithic Age when hunting with arrow and bow was developed.Fishing tools are found at the same period.Numbers of net sinkers and spinning wheels unearthed from the strata of the Western Zhou Dynasty from Zhongba Site reveal the fact of fishing with net,while a mass of fishbone pits indi- cate the powerful productivity brought by new production tools.Quantity of stone spades and stone hoes proves that cultivation agriculture by hoe is extremely attached importance by the ancestors in the Three Gorges region.Moreover,the developed agriculture in Daxi Culture at Zhongbao Island benefits from the landform,climate,traffic location,etc.Otherwise,the reason that the farming tools declined in the late Neolithic Age is related to the extreme flood during the early Xia Dynasty and the fishing hunting preference of some ancient settlements.This research shows that ancestors of the Three Gorges region during the Neolithic Age attached importance to fish hunting and cultivation, fought against the natural environment by production tools,constantly created and improved them, then comprehensively utilized them to evolve the relations between man and nature.
文摘Urban environment encompasses ecological andcultural environments.Any change in the first will invite corre-sponding change in the latter.Urban environment commands thedual impact—biology and sociology.In building up urbanecosystem,priority should be given to development of human re-sources.
文摘目的了解男男性行为人群(man who have sex with men,MSM)人群中HIV感染者的特征及艾滋病相关因素的变化趋势,为MSM人群干预提供针对性的建议。方法对2006-2009年4次横断面调查发现的HIV感染者的资料进行统计分析,比较趋势变化。结果 2006-2009年发现的HIV感染者呈现低龄化,未婚比例、大专及以上文化程度感染者的比例及学生所占比例呈上升的趋势。最近1次与男性发生肛交时安全套使用率由2006年的48.4%上升至2009年的68.0%,最近6个月与男性发生肛交时每次都使用安全套的比例由2006年的17.2%上升至2007年的34.9%(P=0.016),梅毒感染率由2006年的16.3%上升至2009年的27.0%。2006-2009年接受干预服务的比例均低于40%。结论 MSM人群中的HIV感染者呈现低龄化、安全套使用率及接受干预服务比例低,合并梅毒感染率高,急需对MSM人群及其感染者开展更具针对性的干预工作。
