Father,Son and A Horse

Once there lived a very old peasant in a village. His name was Jack.He had a horse.It was almost as old as him. One day he set off with his young son to sell the horse before it died.They walked because the father did not want the horse to be too tired. They met two neighbours (邻居)on their way.The neighbours said, "Hello,why are

《Father and Son》 老爸,让我再抱你一分钟

因为＂异性相吸＂的原因,我和老爸的关系一直很好。亲亲、抱抱、举高高是小时候必玩三大项目。随着青春期的到来,这三项慢慢成了记忆中的小片段。这大概就是＂长大＂黑要面对的事：离开父母,学会独立。

Father Prepared, Committed, and Involved in His Child’s Birth: The Experience of Early Father-Child Skin to Skin Contact at Birth

Although the figure of the father has progressively gained a place in birth, it is still displaced and in the mere role of a companion. Objective: To understand the experience of fathers who have prepared to get actively involved in birth and to undergo the experience of early physical contact with their newborns. Method: A qualitative Action-Research (AR) design was carried out, which considered the antenatal educational intervention of 12 fathers together with their pregnant partners. After delivery, individual interviews were conducted in depth to collect the paternal experience at birth. Results: The central emerging theme developed during AR was “Paternal role and early bonding with the child”, whereas the experience was comprehended in two central themes related to the meaning of the father-child encounter-contact: “The impact of the face-to-face encounter with the child”;“The first physical contact with the child, a key moment”. Conclusion: The fathers who were prepared and involved from pregnancy and at birth attribute a special meaning to the father-child relationship which generated since the first encounter, allowing them to feel, enjoy and commit to care.

Patricide Allegory in Palace Intrigues—A Critique of Shadow From the Cultural and Gendered Perspective

This paper examines the filming practice of Zhang Yimou’s Shadow(2018)in the context of Chinese culture and from the perspectives of contemporary gender theories.It argues that Shadow constructs a male-dominated patriarchal culture and a patricide allegory of the Father and Son structure of power in palace intrigues.Furthermore,it is a history of the acts that the Son takes to get the Father’s woman,absolve the tyrannical Father’s threat of castration and attain the supreme power.To suit the motif of palace intrigues,Zhang adopts quasi-back-and-white palette to create stunning visuals like traditional Chinese ink paintings.He also constructs a web-narrative of dualities around the yin-yang paradigm,the taichi diagram in particular.The film’s central gender relationship is a triangular one,in which Woman is positioned between the Father/the master and the Son/his“shadow”.Woman is marginalized in the film.She is not represented as the central subject,but as the object of sacrifice who functions to satisfy male desire and construct male subjectivity and sexuality.Moreover,the film explores how toxic and violent Chinese masculinity can become when it deviates from wen-wu prowess.Thus,Shadow becomes a violent movie that intensifies the viewer’s experience of violence as the Son/the“shadow”must be absolutely brutal and ruthless in order to slay the Father/the master and create new order.

血缘·文化·政治:晚清新小说的父子伦理叙事

在20世纪初“道德革命”和救亡图存的历史语境中,晚清新小说父子伦理叙事一方面批判中国传统父为子纲的伦理文化,另一方面又从中国传统文化和西方现代新学中汲取话语资源建构父子关系,呈现出血缘亲情、伦理文化和国族政治相互交织的文学景观。从审父叙事与慈父想象、子承父志、子报父仇三个方面分析晚清新小说父子伦理叙事内容和写作策略,可以看到晚清新小说父子伦理叙事与晚清伦理变革、救亡革命思潮之间交汇互动和互为生发的共生关系。

卡夫卡文学世界“儿子们”群像塑造

该文聚焦于卡夫卡文学世界“儿子们”的群像塑造。通过童年经验分析卡夫卡心理长期处于恐惧状态的深层原因,并将其独特的“父子冲突”书写与奥匈帝国现代化进程中的不均衡转型相联系,提出卡夫卡笔下“自我矮化”的儿子群像正是他所置身其中的时代语境、族群境遇与家庭环境的文学呈现。作为表现主义德语文学运动边缘的作家,卡夫卡塑造的儿子群像具有特殊性,不是“儿子罢黜父亲”,而是“父亲罢黜儿子”。“儿子们”在水平社会流动与垂直社会流动层面取得的成就在父权之下毫无力量。这样的文学呈现也超越了个体体验上升为特定时代的群体体验。

Humanity and Paternal Eros: The Father-Son Relationship in Comparative Perspective

This paper examines the human relational patterns presented in the philosophical writings of the Confucian thinker Dai Zhen (戴震1724-77) and the Jewish philosopher Emmanuel Levinas’s (1906-95) Totality and Infinity to uncover the ethical significance of the father-son relationship. I argue that for both thinkers the father-son relation is not just one type of human relationship among other social dyads, but rather, of greater significance, serves as the paradigmatic model of the ethical human relationship in bringing to light the idea of the ethical self as a responsible being in relation to others.

父母冲突对离异家庭子女与父亲关系的影响:一个有调节的中介模型

目的探讨父母冲突对离异家庭子女与父亲关系的影响,以及离异前父亲与子女关系和母亲与子女关系在其中的作用。方法采用儿童感知父母冲突量表、亲子亲合量表对212名来自离异家庭的成年个体进行调查,获得有效问卷192份。对相关数据进行统计学分析。结果父母冲突负向影响离异家庭子女与父亲的关系;离异前父亲与子女的关系能够完全中介父母冲突对离异家庭子女与父亲关系的影响,离异前母亲与子女关系在上述中介路径中负向调节父母冲突对离异前父亲与子女关系的影响。结论离异家庭父亲与子女的关系受到父母冲突和离异前父亲与子女关系的影响;离异前母亲与子女的关系越好,父母冲突对离异前父亲与子女关系的消极影响越显著。

“上阵父子兵”:父子共同决策与家族企业投资效率

以2008—2021年沪深A股上市家族企业为样本,深入探究父子共同决策对企业投资效率的影响。研究发现,父子共同决策能够显著提升家族企业投资效率,即发挥“上阵父子兵”的治理作用,该结论在控制潜在的内生性问题以及进行一系列稳健性测试后仍然成立。机制检验结果表明,父子共同决策主要通过降低第一类代理成本及第二类代理成本来提升企业投资效率。进一步分析显示:当二代具有家族企业创业期的经历、二代学历较高、机构持股比例较高时,父子共同决策对企业投资效率的提升作用更显著;父子共同决策主要通过抑制过度投资而非缓解投资不足来提高企业投资效率;父子共同决策带来的投资效率改善能够显著提升企业全要素生产率。

论《聊斋志异·长亭》中的翁婿矛盾问题

《聊斋志异》的多篇作品都涉及了“翁婿矛盾”主题,其中以《长亭》最为典型。将《长亭》与《青凤》《陈锡九》《宫梦弼》等作品进行对比,可以看出作者对“夫与父两难抉择”的《左传》故事本事进行了改写。他强调了长亭的“母亲”身份,从而表现女性处在“女儿”“妻子”“母亲”三重身份压抑下的伦理困境。此外,蒲松龄认为,“礼义”是解决翁婿矛盾问题的关键,在作者的叙事中,男女主人公爱情的发展、翁婿矛盾的产生和结局都与他们的行为是否符合礼义准则有极大的关系。但“礼”“义”在蒲松龄的书写中是一个流动的概念,同一个人物可能兼有“守礼有义”“无礼不义”双重特质,而人物行为本质的同与异决定了故事的喜剧或悲剧基调。从这一点来辨析,《长亭》的结局并非“大团圆”。蒲松龄所书写的翁婿矛盾主题作品,要么难题未解,要么解决策略存在缺憾。这既表现出蒲松龄理想的一面,也突出了现实的残酷。

孔子孝道思想探析——基于“三年无改于父之道”的释义

“三年无改于父之道”是反映孔子孝道思想的一句话,但关于这句话的释义仍存在争议,主要集中于“三年”和“道”的释义。由于孔子十分重视三年之丧,而“无改于父之道”针对的是子女在父亲去世之后该如何做的问题,与三年之丧语境相似,所以“三年”指的是三年的服丧期,“道”应释为父亲在世时的为人处世准则。孔子强调“三年无改于父之道”,是因为子女尽孝要始终怀有敬意。这种敬意源于父子之间的血缘关系,受制于三年之丧的礼制要求,更重要的是与孔子的政治构想相通,由孝亲推致忠君,从而构建一个秩序井然、等级分明的社会体系。

From I Vecchi E I Giovani to Pirandellian Correspondence:A Glance at an Italy That Is Immutable in Both Its National and Its Family History

The novel I vecchi e i giovani has been the object of numerous critical interpretations,including those of Leonardo Sciascia,Gaetano Trombatore,and Massimo Onofri,in particular.Taking as its starting point Pirandello’s phrase,“la gioventùsacrificata potrebbe dare un crollo a questa oltracotante oppressione dei vecchi e prendersi finalmente uno sfogo e affermarsi vittoriosa”and applying Freudian principles,this work seeks primarily to highlight the autobiographical element that is expressed in the father/son,Luigi/Stefano,and Lando Laurentano/Stefano Landi relationships.

Magical Realism in Mary Gavell's Short Story The Swing

The Swing, written by Mary Gavell, relates the pain of an aging mother, who is comforted by her childhood son's returning to the family swing at night. The story is mixed with magic and reality, filled with magic symbols and implied with magical feminism themes. By employing magical realism, Mary Gavell portrays the loneliness of an elder woman and creates for her a magical world where she could freely express herself.

用IBD型式计算乱伦案的似然比

目的用血缘一致性(identity by descent,IBD)型式计算乱伦案件的似然比。方法先用相同的数字表示家系成员中IBD的等位基因以组成IBD型式,然后用先验概率乘以非IBD等位基因频率得出各个IBD型式概率。将家系的所有IBD型式概率相加即可得到乱伦案不同假设下的家系概率,比较不同家系概率计算似然比。结果获得了父女乱伦和全同胞乱伦案的IBD型式及这两种案例的似然比计算公式。结论阐明了基于IBD型式计算乱伦案似然比的方法。

怎样做父亲与如何做儿子——鲁迅《我们现在怎样做父亲》与卡夫卡《致父亲》的比较分析

1919年鲁迅与卡夫卡都在关注一个问题,即父子关系问题。1919年10月,鲁迅写了《我们现在怎样做父亲》;同年11月,远在欧洲奥匈帝国的卡夫卡写了那封著名的长信《致父亲》。如果将鲁迅与卡夫卡的观点和论述进行比较分析,便像是一场蕴含着中西文化不同特质的隔空对话。鲁迅的文章不啻是一篇批判封建伦常的檄文;卡夫卡所写的不过是一篇希望父子和解的家书。鲁迅更关注如何做父亲,卡夫卡则更关注怎样做儿子。鲁迅的文章立论明晰,尽管含义丰富、意蕴无穷;卡夫卡的家书表意含混,观点游移,作者的意图难以捕捉和把握。鲁迅与卡夫卡都是值得我们“久久凝视”的作家,是属于同一时代且“可做同解”的作家。

敦煌本《父子互托》刍议

敦煌草书写本《杂缘起抄》中有一段内容讲述父子在集市相互做“托”,从而盈利的故事。被父子欺骗的顾客并不知情,还因从购物中得到方便就“心生欢喜”;佛与菩萨得知后也装为顾客,以此宣扬佛法教化众人。故事用日常生活中的事例来宣传佛教教义,内容体现佛教“缘起”的法则,认为世间因缘和合、万事万物都存在着关联。此外还蕴含“方便之门”的思想,反映着佛教在中国传教过程中的本土化特点。

婆媳关系的缓和与翁婿关系的激化:西南地区新生代农民工代际亲密关系变化研究

现代家庭中的代际亲密关系面临从单系偏重向双系并重的转变。对西南地区石村新生代农民工代际亲密关系展开的质性研究,发现婆媳关系缓和与翁婿关系激化的趋势。当婆媳矛盾在一定程度上成为自我实现的预言,婆婆和媳妇通过调整角色期望形成了更缓和的新型婆媳关系。在双系家庭实践中翁婿关系显现出来,岳家对女婿抱有的传统角色期望引发了翁婿矛盾。以对称形式展现的婆媳关系和翁婿关系变动来自同一个进程,即传统父系父权制度的瓦解和妇女解放下性别角色期望的变化。

Editing 'Father & Son': Coherence and Cohesion

Introduction Some writing is good in sentence structure but either poor in coherence or in cohesion. The problem of coherence is that the sequence of information is not always clear and the problem of cohesion is that the sequence of information is acceptable, while the connection between it is not so good. The question is how to analyze and improve these different weakness in writing. We have two methods. One to focus on coherence, the other to focus on cohesion. In this essay, the method used is based on the principle that coherence and cohesion should work together. I use this approach as a tool to edit and display the analysis of coherence and cohesion in the passage entitled ’ Father & Son". This passage is presented as a guided writing exercise in College English Course, Intensive Reading, Band 3, p271.

家族代际传承与企业投资效率——控制权视角的分析

中国家族企业代际传承正迎来高峰。代际传承对投资效率的影响是关乎家族企业远期发展和竞争优势构建的重要问题,体现了家族企业在发展目标和理论适用上的独特之处。本文采用2012—2019年中国家族上市公司样本,实证检验了家族代际传承对企业投资效率的影响。研究发现,家族代际传承显著提升了企业投资效率,且主要限制了过度投资。进一步分析发现,家族代际传承对企业投资效率的促进作用在父子共治阶段和共治时长较长时更加明显。家族代际传承通过促进家族超额董事委派的控制权结构提升了企业投资效率。