Great Changes Unseen for a Century in American Politics and the 2020 US Presidential Election

American politics is currently undergoing great changes unseen in a century,which has been predominately manifested in the following hree aspects:first,the rampant COVID-19 pandemic has caused the US tosuffer its worst economic recession since the Great Depression in 1929;second,social division and political polarization are besetting the US as evidenced in its wide partisan divide between the supporters of its two major parties on a range of critical issues;and third,the US is caught in anational identity crisis,while China's rise is believed to intensify such a crisis.These three factors are bound to exert great impacts on the 2020 presidential election of the United States:the COVID-19 pandemic will have certain influence on voter turnout and the approval rating of the two parties;in the context of the aforementioned serious social divide and highly polarized political landscape,the basic constituencies of the two parties are likely to show an extraordinary degree of party loyalty,which could result in the possibility that a few voters in a handful of key states will determine the results of the election;and as China's peaceful rise ismistaken as a serious threat to the national identity of the US.China will be one of the key topics in the coming US presidential election,hence further worsening the relations between China and the United States.

Japan’s Political Development in the Later Period of the Abe Administration and the Sino-Japanese Relationship

With Shinzo Abe's re-election as the president of Japan's Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), the LDP regime appears to have entered on a stable trend of long-term governance. This also marks a later phase of the Abe administration has solidified its later phase, following Abe's second rise to power. The supremacy of the LDP and the administration of the basket of economic policies termed Abenomics have produced initial effects, and the overall climate of political opinion in Japan remains largely conservative, all factors favorable the continuance of Abe's regime. A major task in the future to cement AbeJ s political legacy would be amendment of Japan’ s pacifist constitution. Abe’ s political and security policies are likely not to change, namely, the promotion of multilateral cooperation in the US-Japan alliance, a moderate adjustment of Japan's China policy, and a return to utilitarian diplomacy to maximize Japan’s national interests. Thanks to the return of the Sino-Japanese relationship to the right track, the healthy development of bilateral relations depends on the consolidation of the political foundation, deepening mutually beneficial cooperation, and constructively managing and controlling disagreement.

Can Religious Pluralism Influence Governance and Societal Cohesion?

This analysis uncovers the complex interplay of religion,politics,and society in Israel,revealing the intricate dynamics of secular and religious ideologies.The study explores the deep ideological rift between secular and religious communities,a divide that profoundly impacts political stability and policymaking.This division often leads to political crises and reshuffling,with the political system characterized by unstable coalition governments.The research is grounded in the divisions over the state’s spiritual ideology,with significant Orthodox influence shaping policy on education,family law,and cultural affairs.The research shows the profound influence of religious parties on Israeli politics,significantly shaping the country’s policies and ideological direction.Influenced by external factors such as security threats and diplomatic challenges,the dynamic interaction between politics and religion shapes Israeli politics since religious parties advocate for policies that align with their interpretation of Jewish religious law,thereby impacting the role of religion in public policy.The influence of religious politics has led to a discernible shift toward greater religious orthodoxy in public life,driven by the political power of religious parties that prioritize religious values above secular democratic principles.The state’s endorsement of religious education and institutions shapes public policy and societal norms.The analysis examines the influence of religious values in public policy and the dynamic interaction between religious and political spheres,aimed to ensure that religion remains dominant in shaping societal norms and governance.This complex relationship demonstrates the ongoing challenges in balancing religious orthodoxy with secular principles,which poses difficulties and has implications for the stability and cohesion of Israeli society.The urgency and complexity of this task cannot be overstated,as it is crucial for the future of Israeli politics and religious dynamics.

Exploring the Body Politics of Female Teachers from the Perspective of Intersectionality and Agency in Education Locale

This paper explores how the body discourses constructed by patriarchal culture influence individual＇s body viewpoint and form teachers＇ body image in educational fields in gender perspectives of feminisms and the concepts of power and discourse from Foucanlt. At the same time I will also demonstrate that the body politics of women teachers in secondary education do not represent the stable and rigid hierarchy of traditional teacher-student relationship but shape the subjectivity which are deployed and suffused as a capillary action by the disciplines and power relations interwoven by gender, sexuality, class and age throughout the individual＇s cognition and behavior, thus produce self-monitoring in the meantime monitoring others for social function. Finally, I will argue that how the subjectivity under the social structure and cultural norms generates an individual＇s agency of resistance and subversion to existing gender structures through reflectivity in the cracks produced by the collision, fragmentation, consultation within different discourses, and then finds the temporary strategic and political positioning and identity.

The Democratic Simulation of the Public Space and Its Complex Human Relations

The public space is currently the product of a simulation of democracy,the subject of the present investigation.In the phenomenon,social aspects intervene that gestate labor,religious and political activities.The observation of urban behavior in historic centers was handled through the deductive method observing permitted or prohibitive areas of commercialization in the Historic Center of Oaxaca;it shows that it was determined by the reproduction of the urban simulation.The purpose was focused on the exploration of spatial utility and the normative models of urban practices and practices.The results revealed the public space is the product of negotiations that exhibit multiple inequalities:social strata,division of labor,political interests,religious and cultural expressions.Spatial projections are of:expropriation,distribution,donation,and resignation;from a domestic to industrial scale.The democratic simulation and its complex human relations multiplied the creeds and collective rituals,the proliferation of non-legal business and the dispute of the public space.It is concluded that those who administer and enforce civic policies and urban rules should promote solutions for coexistence;as a formative and attitudinal issue in the space that belongs to all of us.

The Renascence Party and Union and Socio-Political Organization of Muslims in Spain

This paper presents an overview and analyzes the impact of the Partido Renacimientoy Union de Espana （PRUNE, Renascence Party and Union in Spain） specifying in the socio-political articulation of Muslims in Spain. In particular, it aims to describe and analyze the historical and political context of the emergence of these types of parties in the European Union （EU）; their background in Spain, particularly in the Autonomous Cities of Ceuta and Melilla and their specific impact on socio-political movements. The main hypotheses of work are the heterogeneity of Islamic communities in Spain, its religious references and social integration are difficult and complex, implying that this will provide a strategic impact from PRUNE, which could be very limited, slow, and uncertain.

The Official Promotion Incentive： A New Re-Estimation and Re-Examination

Based on three major theories, the Chinese local officials＇ promotion incentive could be influenced by economic performances, political relationships, and financial performances. However, there were some researchers focusing on these promotion mechanisms and then they got different outcomes. This paper achieves the goal for exploring the influence factors of officials＇ promotion by using OLS empirical test. From collecting the data of Chinese local officials and cities＇ economic conditions, we find that economic performances and political relationships can have a significant effect on officials＇ promotion, but financial performances cannot have this effect. And the experiences and lesson of this research have some reference for exploration of Chinese local officials＇ promotion incentive.

亲清政商关系与企业数字化转型

在数字经济时代,数字化转型是企业实现高质量发展的内生要求,而企业的数字化转型离不开政府的引导和支持。基于此,分析检验当前亲清政商关系构建会如何影响微观企业的数字化转型,有助于企业实现高质量发展。利用2016—2020年中国A股传统行业上市公司的年度观察数据研究发现,亲清政商关系对企业数字化转型具有显著的正向影响,即在政商关系越亲清的地区,企业的数字化水平越高,并且这种正向影响在非国有企业中表现得更强。进一步的机制检验表明,亲清政商关系主要通过“市场导向效应”和“资源供给效应”对企业数字化转型发挥积极的促进作用。更具有启发意义的是,主要是政商关系的“亲近化”而不是政商关系的“清白化”助力了企业的数字化转型,而且亲清政商关系能够降低传统政治关联的相关影响。

空间视域下思想政治教育一体化的概念、内容及建设

社会发展和社会变迁深刻影响着空间格局,空间成为解析社会现象、反映社会思想观念变化的重要理论和实践场域。空间与社会的互动使人的发展、社会的发展空间趋向合理化,使空间变革愈加富有社会化特质。人的思想观念、情感体验、行为实践、社会关系在一定的空间当中被塑造和完善,空间在思想政治教育一体化的作用下逐渐具有思想政治教育意蕴。在阐释空间视域下思想政治教育一体化的概念、分析其内容的基础上提出空间视域下思想政治教育一体化建设思路和举措:实现社会主流意识形态的广泛传播,在对空间的占有当中筑牢思想政治教育一体化的基础;掌握变革社会的力量,通过对空间主体的培养塑造凝聚思想政治教育一体化的主体力量;促进人与社会关系的和谐,通过对空间关系的协调把握思想政治教育一体化的关键。

两晋时期的君臣关系与忠君道德——兼论忠孝两难时的道德选择

司马氏的两晋(西晋、东晋)经历了统一、战乱、分裂、偏安、篡夺,在整个155年的历史中,君臣关系虽然始终强调君尊臣卑,但其君主除开国的晋武帝相对有为外,多是暗弱君主,特别是偏安江南的东晋更是仰仗王谢等随迁的中原士族和江东原有的士族支持,君臣关系相对宽松,君尊臣卑秩序不很严格。这种君臣关系下的忠君道德,在面对五胡乱华、朝廷更迭的冲击时就表现得多元化和复杂化。特别是晋朝继承了汉代孝治天下的思想,在政治生活中也强调忠孝并重,因此在面对忠孝两难境地时就会出现不一样的道德选择。在中国传统忠德变迁史上,两晋时期的臣子忠君道德具有一定代表性,其双向度的忠以及忠孝两难的道德选择,呈现出传统忠君道德由先秦时期的君仁臣忠向宋明时期的绝对化忠君的嬗变过程。

爱资哈尔在当代埃及的政治参与及其特征和影响

爱资哈尔在历史上长期居于埃及国家政治生活中的重要位置,构建起伊斯兰最高权威和阿拉伯民族象征的双重身份。现代以来,爱资哈尔不断增强的国家认同决定了其以配合政治权威、服务国家利益为己任,日益趋向依附国家政权,经历了从支持阿拉伯社会主义到倾向政治伊斯兰主义,再到倡导伊斯兰中间主义的思想演变,逐渐形成了以爱资哈尔长老为核心的宗教学者参政主体,以伊斯兰教义原则为参政依据,以丰富的社会资源为参政基础,以维护国家统一、社会稳定和引领社会主流价值观为参政目的的独特政治参与方式。爱资哈尔积极参政辅政,致力于社会变革与文化建设,在协调政教关系、推动埃及社会发展、凝聚国家认同、促进社会公平、引领社会舆论、塑造社会主流价值、参与国家治理等诸多方面,发挥了独特且重要的作用,产生了广泛影响。

组织变革情景下领导政治行为对员工变革抵制的双刃剑效应

大量研究表明,在组织变革期间领导行为会对员工变革抵制产生重要影响,但关于领导政治行为对员工变革抵制的潜在影响鲜有探究。本研究基于社会信息加工理论,探讨了组织变革背景下领导政治行为对员工变革抵制的双刃剑作用机制。通过对三个时间点收集的280份问卷数据进行分析,结果表明:在组织变革中,当领导成员交换关系水平低时,领导政治行为会通过增加员工的相对剥夺感而激发其变革抵制;当领导成员交换关系水平高时,领导政治行为会通过提升下属依赖而减弱其变革抵制。本文结论有助于企业管理者辩证看待组织变革中领导政治行为所发挥的作用,并为组织变革管理实践提供有益借鉴。

人工智能赋能思想政治教育的伦理风险及其应对

人工智能赋能思想政治教育是思想政治教育创新发展的必然走向。思想政治教育与人工智能的深度耦合,促进了思想政治教育的精准化与“出场”多元化,提升了思想政治教育的实效性,但随着技术向度的增强与工具理性思维的介入,思想政治教育也面临着不同维度的伦理风险。通过分析人工智能赋能思想政治教育伦理风险的成因发现,人工智能的类人属性不断强化、算法自主性导致的不可预测性不断增加、风险认知与外在保障具有有限性,导致了伦理风险“在场”的必然性。为了规避伦理风险,要以道御术,守正思想政治教育的价值立场;要以情化人,构建柔性的共情共鸣机制;要以法为界,明确人工智能赋能的何以可为。

“政教分离”制度下自民党与统一教的“利益输送”

实行“政教分离”的日本,政党政治与宗教团体依然有着千丝万缕的联系。日本宪法规定了宗教不能干预国家政权的行政事务,但宗教团体参与社会政治的权利和自由并未被剥夺,由此产生政党与宗教团体之间错综复杂的互动关系问题。当宗教团体支持的政党执政后,往往会利用手中的权力为宗教团体提供特殊的政治保护。自民党与统一教正是通过相互“利益输送”连接起来的,自民党是统一教在政权领域的利益代表者和实现者,统一教则是自民党赢得政治权力所需要的社会支持者和财力后援,自民党议员利用政治权力,给予统一教政治和行政上的关照,以换取长期执政所需的“金钱”与“选票”,这明显违背了《日本国宪法》第二十条第一项。安倍遇刺使得自民党与统一教的“金权政治”交易大白于世,亦反映出日本政坛背离“政教分离”原则的政治腐败根深蒂固。

党建引领城市社区治理有效性的内在逻辑——基于“政党功能—社会参与”的分析框架

厘清党建引领城市社区治理有效性的内在逻辑是提升社区治理效能的前提。以构建党组织领导的社区治理共同体为目标导向,以政党与社会关系为内在依据,通过建构“政党功能—社会参与”的分析框架可以发现,党建引领城市社区治理的有效性取决于政党功能发挥度和社会力量参与度的高低配置状况。两者交叉形成了“放任型”“管控型”“自治型”和“引领型”四种治理模式,分别折射出了政党与社会无涉、政党整合社会、政党赋权社会、政党引领社会的潜藏逻辑。其中,“引领型”是最有效的模式,因为其能发挥政党功能激活社会参与,形成政党主导下的多元共治。为实现这种模式需要从赋权增能强化政党功能、广泛动员促进社会参与、寓党建于治理提升耦合度三个方面发力。深层次看,党建引领城市社区治理的有效性最终指向的是秩序与活力的平衡,党建引领的核心作用就在于解决这个二元性难题。

围猎方式、关系类型与政商腐败的社会建构

不法商人(围猎者)通过“情感联结”的围猎方式与腐败官员(被围猎者)分别建立情感-契约型、情感-支配型政商腐败关系,又通过“威逼利诱”的围猎方式与腐败官员分别建立工具-契约型、工具-支配型政商腐败关系。在这四类关系中,不法商人的围猎手段、双方的互动模式以及维系腐败关系的核心要素都有所不同。毕竟,在关系行为的外在形式与根本性质层面、在关系双方权力差异层面以及关系互动的权力变迁方面,政商腐败关系均呈现出非对称性本质属性。这揭示了政商腐败的互动性、结构性,为有效治理腐败问题提供微观研究基础和启发。

官员对民众信任的形成机制:文化主义视角下多元因素的解释

在政民关系中,政府与民众的相互信任同等重要,其中官员对民众的信任直接影响他们对公众意见的听取和采纳,但是关于官员对民众信任的影响因素研究目前还不充分。构建一个文化主义视角的模型并基于4000余份样本进行检测,结果显示中国政府官员对民众的信任总体呈现中等水平,受到官员的信任倾向、公共服务动机、家长式领导认同、传统媒体使用等因素的正向影响,同时受到传统等级观念、面子意识、互联网媒体使用等因素的负向影响。加强思想建设、践行社会主义核心价值观、弘扬人民至上的立场使命,有助于增强官员对民众的信任,改善干群关系,提升治理效能。

从“四类复合关系”剖解看高校思政课提质

持续提高高校思政课教学质量是“三全育人”的核心任务和根本要求。为此,积极开展思政课堂提质研究,探索可行的实践路径,就理应成为推动思政课教学改革深入进行的一项重要内容。基于此,从师生之间的三重互动关系剖解、学生与内容之间的多重认知瓶颈剖解、教师魅力与学生心灵之间联动关系剖解、“高宽深”认知与课程提质之间的复合关系剖解等四个维度,对高校思政课教学提质进行探索。

马克思政治解放批判及其对人的解放逻辑进路的开解——基于《论犹太人问题》的文本考察

马克思在批判鲍威尔关于犹太人问题基本观点的过程中阐释了政治解放批判思想。在肯定鲍威尔宗教批判合理性的基础上,马克思将犹太人解放问题转化为世俗问题,展开政治解放批判。马克思认为,宗教在完成了的政治国家仍是富有生命力的存在,这恰恰蕴含着政治解放的必然限度。政治解放必然导致个体异化和国家异化,必然要经由市民社会批判,使得社会从犹太精神中解放出来,实现人的世界即各种关系回归于人自身,达到人的解放的目标。

中国新型政党制度的中华传统文化因子探析

中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度是从中国土壤中生长出来的、适合中国国情的新型政党制度,深受中华优秀传统文化的滋养和孕育。在“大一统”“公天下”“致中和”等中华传统文化思想因子的深刻影响下,中国新型政党制度实现了政党与国家关系的革新、政党与社会关系的更新以及政党与政党关系的创新,体现了新的政党制度风貌,以崭新的姿态向世界展示了中国特色社会主义政党政治关系体系的中国气派和独特魅力。