About the Conflicts between the Unitary Quantum Theory and the Special and General Relativity Theories

The authors discuss contradictions between the principal branches of the modern physical picture of the universe. Space and time have been shown in the Unitary Quantum Theory (UQT) not to be connected one with the other, unlike in the Special Theory of Relativity. In UQT, time becomes Newtonian again, and the growth of the particle’s mass with growing speed proceeds from other considerations of physics. Unlike the quantum theory, the modern gravitation theory (the general theory of relativity) is not confirmed by experiments and needs to be considerably revised.

Combining the Rule of Law with the Rule of Morality——General Secretary Xi Jinping's Important Discourse on the Relationship Between the Rule of Law and Rule by Virtue

Key points:Throughout the ages,rule of law has been an indispensable means of governing a state.However,as General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out,it is not enough to govern a state by the rule of law

The Unified Field

This is a Unified Field description based on the holographic Time Dilation Cosmology, TDC, model, which is an eternal continuum evolving forward in the forward direction of time, at the speed of light, c, at an invariant 1 s/s rate of time. This is the Fundamental Direction of Evolution, FDE. There is also an evolution down time dilation gradients, the Gravitational Direction of Evolution, GDE. These evolutions are gravity, which is the evolutionary force in time. Gravitational velocities are compensation for the difference in the rate of time, dRt, in a dilation field, and the dRtis equal to the compensatory velocity’s percentage of c, and is a measure of the force in time inducing the velocity. In applied force induced velocities, the dRt is a measure of the resistance in time to the induced velocity, which might be called “anti-gravity” or “negative gravity”. The two effects keep the continuum uniformly evolving forward at c. It is demonstrated that gravity is already a part of the electromagnetic field equations in way of the dRt element contained in the TDC velocity formula. Einstein’s energy formula is defined as a velocity formula and a modified version is used for charged elementary particle solutions. A time dilation-based derivation of the Lorentz force ties gravity directly to the electromagnetic field proving the unified field of gravity and the EMF. It is noted how we could possibly create gravity drives. This is followed by a discussion of black holes, proving supermassive objects, like massive black hole singularities, are impossible, and that black holes are massless Magnetospheric Eternally Collapsing Objects (MECOs) that are vortices in spacetime. .

Thoroughly Testing Einstein’s Special Relativity Theory, and More

Einstein’s Special Relativity (ESR) has enjoyed spectacular success as a mathematical construct and in terms of the experiments to which it has been subjected. Possible vulnerabilities of ESR will be explored that break the symmetry of reciprocal observations of length, time, and mass. It is shown how Newton could also have derived length contraction . Einstein’s General Relativity (EGR) will also be discussed occasionally such as a changed perspective on gravitational waves due to a small change in ESR. Some additional questions addressed are: Did Einstein totally eliminate the Ether? Is the physical interpretation of ESR completely correct? Why should there be a maximum speed limit, and should it always be the same? The mass-energy equation is revisited to show that in 1717 Newton could have derived the modern , and not known that it violates the foundation of his mechanics. Tributes are paid to Einstein and others.

LIGO Experiments Cannot Detect Gravitational Waves by Using Laser Michelson Interferometers—Light’s Wavelength and Speed Change Simultaneously When Gravitational Waves Exist Which Make the Detections of Gravitational Waves Impossible for LIGO Experiments

It is proved strictly based on general relativity that two important factors are neglected in LIGO experiments by using Michelson interferometers so that fatal mistakes were caused. One is that the gravitational wave changes the wavelength of light. Another is that light’s speed is not a constant when gravitational waves exist. According to general relativity, gravitational wave affects spatial distance, so it also affects the wavelength of light synchronously. By considering this fact, the phase differences of lasers were invariable when gravitational waves passed through Michelson interferometers. In addition, when gravitational waves exist, the spatial part of metric changes but the time part of metric is unchanged. In this way, light’s speed is not a constant. When the calculation method of time difference is used in LIGO experiments, the phase shift of interference fringes is still zero. So the design principle of LIGO experiment is wrong. It was impossible for LIGO to detect gravitational wave by using Michelson interferometers. Because light’s speed is not a constant, the signals of LIGO experiments become mismatching. It means that these signals are noises actually, caused by occasional reasons, no gravitational waves are detected really. In fact, in the history of physics, Michelson and Morley tried to find the absolute motion of the earth by using Michelson interferometers but failed at last. The basic principle of LIGO experiment is the same as that of Michelson-Morley experiment in which the phases of lights were invariable. Only zero result can be obtained, so LIGO experiments are destined failed to find gravitational waves.

Geometrical Meaning of Time and the Theory of Relativity

New geometrical model of time is suggested where time of body’s motion is defined as the length of its trajectories in four-dimension space-time. Within suggested approach periodical motions in clocks correspond to definite length of four-dimension trajectories that is clocks appear to be standards for measurements of length in four-dimension space analogously as hard sticks are standards for measurements of length in three-dimension space. This means that space and time are entities of the same geometrical nature. A suggested interpretation of time leads to necessity of changes in general theory of relativity. These changes are unessential for body’s motion in weak gravitational field.

Using Tangent Boost along a Worldline and Its Associated Matrix in the Lie Algebra of the Lorentz Group

In order to generalize the relativistic notion of boost to the case of non inertial particles and to general relativity, we look closer into the definition of the Lie group of Lorentz matrices and its Lie algebra and we study how this group acts on the Minskowski space. We thus define the notion of tangent boost along a worldline. This very general notion gives a useful tool both in special relativity (for non inertial particles or/and for non rectilinear coordinates) and in general relativity. We also introduce a matrix of the Lie algebra which, together with the tangent boost, gives the whole dynamical description of the considered system (acceleration and Thomas rotation). After studying the properties of Lie algebra matrices and their reduced forms, we show that the Lie group of special Lorentz matrices has four one-parameter subgroups. These tools lead us to introduce the Thomas rotation in a quite general way. At the end of the paper, we present some examples using these tools and we consider the case of an electron rotating on a circular orbit around an atom nucleus. We then discuss the twin paradox and we show that when the one who made a journey into space in a high-speed rocket returns home, he is not only younger than the twin who stayed on Earth but he is also disorientated because his gyroscope has turned with respect to earth referential frame.

Nature of Black Holes and Space-Time around Them

Based on the Mach’s principle, black holes warp the space time in a way that geodesic for every object which is moving toward black hole starts to bend and object starts to rotate around the black hole. Even light cannot be able to escape from the strong gravitational field of black hole and all the light like paths will warp so as to fall farther to the hole. Before arriving to the Schwarzschild’s Sphere, object faces with length extension because of the difference between amount of tidal forces on the nearest and furthest points of object that take the object apart and after passing the Schwarzschild’s sphere, based on the Special relativity of Einstein, the parts of object face with length contraction. In comparison between strange stars and black holes we conclude that core of strange stars has a temperature and pressure not sufficient for up and down quarks and they turn into strange ones. However, in core of black holes, because of massive stars and hot gases falling into it, they are always in a high temperature and pressure. So they can be made up of up and down quarks. At the Ergo sphere Region of black hole, a particle that gets into it will divide into 2 pieces, one of them falls into the black hole and another gets out of the Schwarzschild sphere very fast and it’s called the black hole radiation. According to the Diagram drawn by R. Rafini and J. Weeler, an object gets out of white hole in past space-time, it can be able to send signals to us and we can receive it but black hole which is located in future space-time, after object enters to the Schwarzschild’s Sphere, the signals it sends won’t be received. In order to reach the third space-time which is like a mirror to our universe, our speed needs to exceed the speed of light to pass the Einstein-Rosen Bridge. As a conclusion, structure of black holes can be made up of up and down quarks and everything falls into the black hole, collapses and turns into a bunch of quarks. Space-time around black holes, based on Rafini-Weeler diagram, is like a frontier between our space-time and other space-times. So it can be possible to reach past space-time and other space-times.

Rethinking the Formal Methodology (II): Cognitive Content of Relativity (On the Centenary of General Relativity)

An attempt to epistemological completion of formal-math theories of relativity is presented. Causal interpretations of SR and GR are suggested. The problem to physical gist of gravity is explained as a contradiction of cognition vs. intuition. Gravity phenomena are represented as unexplored peculiarity of basic particles. The gravity constant is deduced from the known parameters of the electron.

A Collaborative Simplification Method for Multiple Coastlines Based on the Hierarchical Triangulation Network Partition

For the current automatic coastline generalization method,only one-line element is considered separately,but the relationship between the nearby elements is not effectively considered.A synergistic simplification method for multiple coastlines based on the hierarchical triangulation network partition(HTNP)is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the constrained Delaunay triangulation is constructed to partition the regions that can be simplified.Then,a hierarchical binary tree model to structure the morphological characteristics of the above several coastlines and the spatial proximity between different coastlines is constructed.Finally,the small curved and curved invisible parts of the coastline are deleted according to the visual constraints,and the narrow part between the coastline itself or the different coastlines is exaggerated appropriately,and the automatic simplification of the coastline is realized.The experimental results show that:①Relationships between the different coastlines are considered,and the shortcomings of considering the coastline separately are overcome;②Under the condition of the multiple coastlines in complex sea areas,the problem of collaborative simplification is solved,the quality of the coastlines are improved obviously,and the proposed method can be applied into more types of coastlines.

I-Theory: A Unifying Quantum Theory?

This paper gives an overview of a new theory called the “I-Theory”, in the context of several accepted theories in physics and cosmology. This paper reviews the salient features of the “I-Theory”, which introduces new particles like I, S∞ and A1 particles and provides a fuller understanding about Dark Matter, Dark Energy, Matter/Anti Matter and the four fundamental forces. “I-Theory” introduces a new concept of the “quality” of energy with White, Black and Red matter formed with regard to the frequency level of the energy vibration. The authors discuss the main features and controversies of the Standard Model, General Relativity, Big Bang, and Supersymmetry and attempt to answer some of the unsolved questions. It is proposed that the “I-Theory” can successfully encompass all major theories and thereby becomes the theory of the whole, the Unifying Theory.

Changes of Word Meaning in English-Generalization/Specialization and Pejoration/Amelioration

Changes of word meanings in English are often achieved by the processes of generalization/specialization and pejoration/amelioration.By generalization or specialization,the literal meanings of a word are broadened or narrowed.While by pejoration or amelioration,the associations of a word go downhill or rise.Trough supplying certain examples,a brief picture about meaning changes of words in English is drawn.

GPS Satellite Clock Corrections without Relativity Theory

The GPS satellite clock corrections (along with gravitational redshift) which are necessary for the proper operation of the GPS are fully described without invoking relativity theory as is the practice today.

New Evidence, Conditions, Instruments &Experiments for Gravitational Theories

Two significant findings compel a rethink of physical theories. First, using a 7-billion-year-old gamma-ray burst, Nemiroff (2012) showed that quantum foam could not exists. And second, Solomon (2011) showed that gravitational acceleration is not associated with the gravitating mass, that gravitational acceleration g is determined solely by τ the change in time dilation over a specific height multiplied by c2 or g = τc2. Seeking consistency with Special Theory of Relativity, as means to initiate this rethink, this paper examines 12 inconsistencies in physical theories that manifest from empirical data. The purpose of this examination is to identify how gravitational theories need to change or be explored, to eliminate these 12 inconsistencies. It is then proposed that spacetime is much more sophisticated than just a 4-dimensional continuum. And, that the Universe consists of at least two layers or “kenos” (Greek for vacuous), the 4-dimensional kenos, spacetime (x, y, z, t) and the 3-dimensional kenos, subspace (x, y, z) that are joined at the space coordinates (x, y, z). This explains why electromagnetic waves are transverse, and how probabilities are implemented in Nature. This paper concludes by proposing two new instruments and one test, to facilitate research into gravitational fields, the new torsion-, tension- and stress-free near field gravity probe, the gravity wave telescope, and a non-locality test.

Study of Yield Combining Ability and Genetic Relationship Among Exotic Tropical,Subtropical Maize(Zea mays L.) Inbreds and Temperate Maize Inbreds in China

Information on the genetic relationship between tropical maize (Zea mays L), germplasm and temperate maize germplasm is of great value to maize breeding. The objective of this study was to determine the combining ability and genetic relationship of 25 inbreds extracted from five tropical maize populations and a land race, with four temperate maize inbreds (Huangzaosi, Mol7, B73 and Dan 340). The 25 tropical inbreds were crossed with the four temperate inbreds and evaluated. Lines from Suwanl and POP28 had high general combining ability (GCA) for grain yield. The lines from POP32 (ETO) had the highest special combining ability (SCA) with B73; the average SCA value of the 5 lines was 879 kg/ha. The lines from Suwanl had the second-highest SCA (584 kg/ha) with Huangzaosi. The lines from Suwanl had the greatest relative heterosis (20%) with B73, followed by the lines from POP32 (ETO) with B73 (19%). Five heterotic patterns have been identified from this study: Suwanl × Reid, ETO × Reid, POP28× Reid, POP28× Ludahong-gu, and Suwan1× Lancaster.

恋爱期间财产给与的定性及处理

恋爱期间财产给与至少可分为四种类型:彩礼、普通赠与、为履行道德义务之给付以及基于亲密关系之特殊赠与。对于第四种,附解除条件说存在条件过于拟制、条件不适格、恶意促成规则难以适用以及法律效果过于刚性等弊病。在解释论上可通过弹性化其返还后果对其加以改造。在立法论上可借鉴德国无名给与理论,构建我国家事法上基于亲密关系之特殊赠与制度。《婚姻家庭编解释二(征求意见稿)》正式引入“基于婚姻赠与房产”之规则,宜进一步引入“基于亲密关系赠与房产”乃至“基于亲密关系之大额财产特殊赠与”规则。恋爱期间所赠大额财产的返还,应秉持比例原则,返还与否以及返还比例主要取决于恋情时长,并考虑分手原因、双方过错等因素。

自然地理学与人文地理学整合之我见

在当代地理学中,自然地理学与人文地理学两个分支学科分裂严重,从论题到发表乃至对话对象。因此两者的关系值得讨论。维持地理学的综合性有助于发挥地理学的优势,应对综合性问题、全球性问题。人地关系和区域地理学是避免地理学分裂的具体途径,GIS可以成为弥合两者的工具。大众对地理学的科普需求是区域地理,这是地理学满足社会需求需要的重要方式。着眼于科学普及的区域地理学著作有助于提高学科的社会认同度。

基于极值外推的特种车辆疲劳耐久性多轴载荷谱编制

非道路特种车辆服役载荷谱是整车结构耐久性的关键,为此提出基于极值外推的特种车辆疲劳耐久性多轴服役载荷编制方法。考虑到多轴载荷谱外推时的载荷通道之间具有相位关系,开展以临界平面损伤参量为基础的多轴载荷等效合成研究;构建极值超出量服从广义Pareto分布的多轴外推模型。利用等效合成载荷谱进行载荷外推,将基于等效合成系数获取的外推量分配到每个载荷通道上,实现考虑相位关系的多轴载荷外推。以典型工况下特种车辆的轮端六向力信号为研究对象进行多轴外推,并对比外推前后的载荷谱与采集载荷谱通道之间的相位关系、穿级计数、雨流计数和功率谱密度。研究结果表明:基于极值外推的特种车辆整车疲劳耐久性多轴载荷编制,可以实现在相同典型工况下多轴载荷谱的有效预测。

马岛战争视角下英美“特殊关系”的特质及启示

通过对1982年英阿马岛战争进行案例分析,发掘美国在这场危机中的立场转变与英美两国的深度合作,对英美“特殊关系”的特质有更深刻的理解。在英阿马岛战争中,美国的公开立场虽表现为由中立逐渐转向偏袒英国,然偏袒英国的态度可能发生在更早的时期。两国对于马岛战争的处理显示了在战争中形成并不断发展的“特殊关系”的稳固性。独特的血缘联系与文化渊源、共同的利益追求、多向度的精英层级合作,可以解释马岛战争中美国“弃阿亲英”的选择,亦显示了英美“特殊关系”的特质所在。而英美两国在马岛战争及其他国际事务上的同气连枝,亦给中国在面对类似问题之时提供了启示。

二战遗产与战后日本对缅甸的外交

二战后的日本外交建立在二战遗产的基础之上。二战遗产既有日本因为侵略伤害与后遗症对受害国所负的责任,还有日本在战时与各国建立的人际关系。在以日本旧军人铃木敬司、奥田重元和缅甸“三十志士”成员奈温为代表的两国“故交”协助下,战后日缅关系不但没有受困于日本侵略历史的束缚,反而经由战争赔偿与经济援助形成了友好关系。同时,日军在战时扶植“三十志士”的历史也愈发受到日本的注意,并成为日本政府处理对缅关系的重要参照。在此基础上,日本选择性记忆战时历史,构建了日本“帮助”缅甸独立的历史叙事,并据此提出日缅两国间存在“特殊关系”。“特殊关系论”不仅促使日本以援助缅甸为己任,还彰显出日本以偏概全、篡改侵略事实的企图。