The Universality and Individuality of Red Color in Languages

As a basic color in human languages,the red color shares the common visual impression.Studying the color term can be traced to different social and cultural features.This article mainly discusses the universality and individuality of red color in languages,aiming to help the second language learners and the multicultural interlocutors.

On Collectivism-Individualism dimension in Chinese and Western Family Relationships

Western culture emphasizes on individualism,individual freedom and personal choice,while Chinese people put more emphasis on collectivism.Collectivism-Individualism value differences can also be reflected in Chinese and Western Family Relationships,which may sometimes lead to conflicts between the couples in the cross-cultural marriage and their families.

The Impact of Family Relationships on the Smoking Habits of University Students

Smoking habits are thought to be strongly impacted by family relationships. In this study, we looked specifically at family relationships with the aim of finding effective anti-smoking education measures. We surveyed 290 university students in order to establish their current smoking habits, along with their family relationships from primary and junior high school until now. The results showed that students with one or more smokers in their family were clearly more likely to smoke. Furthermore, a poor relationship between the student’s parents and a poor relationship with his/her father are believed to have a causal relationship with the student smoking. In the section in which students were asked how often they were told to study, we found that students who smoked had been instructed to study a significantly higher number of times. It is believed that the stress experienced by students frequently told that they must study during their elementary or junior high school years leads to a tendency to smoke. Among the group of non-smokers, we found many who ate breakfast with their parents during elementary or junior high school, along with many who regularly went on holidays with their families. The lack of these things appears to distance parents from children and may be a factor regarding why children end up smoking. In this study, while no clear correlation was found between family relationships and smoking, several types of family relationships that may lead to smoking were suggested.

Towards a sustainable campus-city relationship:A systematic review of the literature

The relationship between a university and its city is considered strategical to achieve university targeted ambitions and visions.The university-city relationship is also encouraged for the benefit of the city,as universities unleash their respective cities’potentials to act as driving forces not only for their local communities,but also for the whole nation.Therefore,maintaining a mutual relationship between the university and the city is considered essential to accomplish strategic goals for both.However,the nature of this relationship is quite complex,overlapped,interconnected,and diverse.Therefore,this paper conducted a systematic review of the literature on university-city and campus-city relationships to evaluate recent research trends to uncover the aspects that connect universities with their respective cities.The search included articles published in 4 different databases from January 1990 to January 2021.A total number of 50 articles were selected in this review.The findings uncovered different aspects that could help or hinder university-city relationship based on the physical and functional linkage between the campus and the city.Moreover,findings have shown that it is necessary to understand universities according to their contextual differences,as universities have shown different impacts on their respective cities in terms of their sizes and locations.Results have also shown that the impact of the physical connection between the university and the city goes far beyond campus’s accessibility as it deeply affects students’social life as well.Therefore,decision makers,stakeholders,and university administrators need to co-design campus development process especially in the early stages to maximize the mutual benefits of campus-city relationship.The main conclusions of this paper address several perspectives and lessons for a more sustainable campus-city relationship.

Levers Behind the Scene:The Importance of the Individual and Organizational Awareness for the Organizational Success in the Midst of Digital Transformation

In this paper,we have asked what qualities individuals and organizations need for the success in the midst of large scale system transformation.Digital transformation is an example of such large-scale system change.First,we have reviewed the empirical research on digital transformation and job redesign in order to explore qualities employees need to thrive in the digitally transformed job settings.Second,we have studied soft system regularities in order to tap into organizational-level qualities that allow for the successful large-scale system transformation.Based on these reviews,we have come up with the proposition that greater attention should be paid to the quality of the individual and collective awareness(defined as the capacity of expanded,inclusive attention).We have proposed that virtues in action and individual strengths(VIA-IS)to serve as a possible indicator of the quality of the individual awareness.Next,we have proposed that organizational presencing/absencing can serve as the possible indicator of the quality of organizational level awareness.Exploring the relationship between the individual awareness(indicated by VIA-IS)and organizational awareness(indicated by absencing/presencing)and organizational effectiveness revealed a set of compelling results:(1)The quality of personal level awareness(indicated by VIA-IS framework)varies significantly across different organizational positions,whereby middle managers hold the highest levels of individual awareness;and(2)presencing is positively associated with organizational performance,while absencing holds negative relationship.These findings reveal that quality of awareness(either at the individual and/or collective level)may be a promising line of organizational research with a decent predictive power in many organizational domains.

The Evolution,Characteristics of Poverty and the Innovative Approaches to Poverty Alleviation

The emergence and evolution of poverty follows a pattern.At different developmental stages,poverty takes on different characteristics,which calls for specific anti-poverty policies.Ever since its reform and opening up,China has resorted to three different kinds of anti-poverty policies in succession.By shifting its focus to national economic development,China has lifted itself out of universal poverty.With the policy of development-oriented poverty alleviation,China has mitigated regional poverty.Now,China is on a path to eradicate individual poverty with the policy of targeted poverty alleviation.The future will see China put in place some forward-looking social policies to prevent and reduce new poverty issues.

Discussion on Network Classroom Teaching of the Meteorology and Climatology in Common Colleges and Universities

Most of the content of the course Meteorology and Climatology in common colleges and universities is what students are interested in,and most students have been exposed to or understood many contents.When studying this part of the content,students often show varying degrees of interest.Of course,each student s own situation is different.In classroom teaching,teachers should comprehensively consider various factors.Especially in the network classroom teaching situation,teachers should combine the learning content to use multi platform teaching in the teaching,students performance to flexibly carry out interaction between teachers and students,and students own situation to pay attention to individualized cultivation.

The Two Cultures of Science: Implications for University-Industry Relationships in the U.S. Agriculture Biotechnology

Partnerships between U.S. universities and industries have existed for several decades and in recent years have become generally more varied, wider in scope, more aggressive and experimental and higher in public visibility. In addition, in the last few decades, public and private interests have advocated for government policies and laws to globally promote the commercialization of university science. This paper examines the persistence or convergence of the two cultures of science and the implications of this commercialization for university-industry relationships in agriculture biotechnology. The perceptions and values of over 200 U.S. university and industry scientists, managers and administrators who participate in or oversee research collaborations in agricultural biotechnology were analyzed. The findings revealed that the participants in these research relationships continue to perceive very distinct cultures of science and identify a wide range of concerns and disadvantages of these partnerships. Several actions were discussed to ensure that the two cultures serve complementary roles and that they maximize the public benefits from these increasing collaborations.

基于信任理论的北京大学图书馆用户关系管理新探

如何开展用户关系管理是高校图书馆现代化发展道路上必然面临的问题。北京大学图书馆将用户作为图书馆可持续发展的关键要素,自2018年以来,基于用户信任统筹推进用户关系管理,秉持真抓实干、重在参与、实在受益、贵在信任、凝心聚力的战略方针,构建相互信赖、深度协作、长期友好的用户关系,取得明显成效。文章对基于信任理论的北京大学图书馆用户关系管理的实践探索进行初步总结。

加强用户关系管理,提升图书馆服务质量--以东南大学图书馆为例

“以用户为中心”是图书馆开展服务的核心理念。东南大学图书馆基于用户关系管理相关理论,开展用户关系管理的实践探索,细分用户、掌握需求,多渠道建立用户强交互关系,在用户参与、用户受益等方面取得了较好的成果,期望能为高校图书馆同行开展相关服务提供经验参考。

基于文化营销的南京大学图书馆用户关系管理新探

为秉承“以用户为中心”的建设理念,新时代高校图书馆对用户关系管理有着自身的理解认识和实践举措。南京大学图书馆以文化营销为抓手,经营具有自身特色的用户关系管理之路。文章从文化营销战略规划、业务流程整合、实践应用案例、团队建设等方面进行阐述,并在实践基础上总结经验,提出新时代高校图书馆用户关系管理的几点思考:转变思想,建立文化营销机制;转变行为,建立与用户的长效强联系;打破业务壁垒,构建闭环式用户反馈流程;打破部门壁垒,保障专业的文化营销团队。

争创“双一流”中医药高校背景下构建良好导学关系模式探索

[目的]探索在争创“双一流”中医药高校的背景下,导学关系新模式的构建举措,以不断提升中医药高校研究生培养质量。[方法]在争创“双一流”中医药高校背景下,介绍构建良好导学关系的现实意义,基于导师和研究生两大主体的视角,对当前中医药高校研究生培养中导学关系存在的突出问题进行分析。[结果]以浙江中医药大学为例,从强化“尊师重道”正向影响、纠正导学关系失衡和完善相关制度三个方面入手,提出了相应的可行性建议。通过良好导学关系的构建,导学关系普遍得到了正向影响,师生间的沟通更加密切而高效。通过一系列正向激励机制,导师在学术引领、学业指导和生活关怀等方面更加积极主动地为研究生提供支持和帮助,研究生也更加积极地配合导师开展各项科研工作,研究生发表学术论文的数量和质量得到了显著的提升,导师团队的科研、教学工作开展更加高效,进展显著。[结论]通过一系列有效举措,浙江中医药大学着力探索导学关系新模式的构建,显著改善了导学关系,不仅对提升研究生专业思想水平、沟通交流能力、科研创新能力有积极的作用,同时也为导师顺利完成教学科研工作提供了保障,值得进一步完善并推广。

地方高校“大学-校友”发展共同体的当代意蕴及其建构路径

在新时代诠释并厘清大学与校友的关系,有助于实现大学高质量发展。长期以来,大学与校友的关系建立在“学缘关系”基础上,历经多样态发展。现今大学的建设发展、各类排名与校友成长成才之间变得密不可分,并以多维模式结成“发展共同体”。基于马克思“类哲学”的“共同体”理论启发,地方高校“大学-校友”发展共同体应具有合作和共享、需求与互动、价值与反馈三重意蕴,并提出以“保持共情、形成共生、促进共享、实现共荣”的路径建构“大学-校友”新型关系,实现价值共创。

国立西南联合大学文科研究生培养模式的内容、特点及启示

全面抗战时期,西南联大弦歌不辍,对文科研究生培养进行了卓有成效的探索。云南昆明相对稳定的社会环境、文科教育深厚的历史传统以及凝聚民心的实现需要,为西南联大文科研究生培养奠定了基础。西南联大恢复文科研究生教育,逐步确立了严格的招考制度,通过实施导师制、建立课程体系、开展多样化的科研训练等途径,形成了较为完善的文科研究生培养模式,并通过实施毕业考核、奖助学金等制度保障了研究生培养质量。西南联大培养了许多优秀的文科人才,研究生培养呈现出严进严出、课程教学与科学研究相结合、导学关系和谐融洽等特点,对当下研究生教育的改革与发展有启示意义。

人际关系对受贿决策的影响——中美跨文化比较

以往研究表明人际关系对腐败行为有重要影响,但不同文化下这种关系效应是否存在差异尚缺乏探讨。通过两个实验分别考察了中美不同文化下直接关系和间接关系对受贿决策的影响。结果发现,一方面,中美两国被试均出现随着关系距离增加受贿概率降低的关系效应;另一方面也表现出文化差异,中国被试的关系效应强于美国被试,而且风险对于关系效应的文化差异有显著的调节作用。上述结果支持人际关系距离对受贿决策的影响同时存在跨文化的一致性和差异性。

科研经费中人员费占比与科研产出的关系——来自中国高等学校的经验证据

调动科研人员积极性是中国科研经费管理改革的重要内容。为了探索科研人员激励如何影响科研产出、优化科研经费支出结构,利用2011—2020年中国省级高等学校的科技活动数据,通过固定效应模型分析科研经费支出中人力资本分配对科研产出的影响。结果表明:科研支出中的人员费占比与科研产出呈现倒“U”型关系,放宽科研经费中人员费限制的措施出台提高了人力成本占比对科研产出的阈值效应,但并未加速或减缓人员费占比对科研产出的边际影响,可见政策可以改善资源配置结构与效率,然而科研产出本质上经由要素投入而产生;理工农医学科与人文社科的人员费在科研支出中的平均占比呈现出明显的差距,前者使科研成果产出最大化的极值点出现在19.50%附近,后者在41.51%附近。据此提出优化科研经费配置、提升人员经费效益、实施经费差异化管理等改善中国高校科研经费使用效率的建议。

学校体育环境对大学生自我关怀能力的影响研究——以校内人际关系为中介变量

研究学校体育环境对大学生自我关怀能力的影响及校内人际关系在两者中的中介作用.采用类型随机抽样法,抽取江西省5所高校的3718名非体育专业大学生作为研究对象,通过问卷调查收集学校体育环境,大学生自我关怀,校内人际关系等信息,利用SPSS统计软件内置的Process分析工具,构建变量间的中介效应模型,并通过Bootstrap再采样算法考察中介效应的统计显著性.结果表明:学校体育环境与大学生自我关怀能力和校内人际和谐性呈正相关(r=0.217,P<0.001;r=0.065,P<0.01),与校内人际隔阂性呈负相关(r=-0.129,P<0.001);校内人际隔阂性与大学生自我关怀能力呈负相关(r=-0.443,P<0.001),校内人际和谐性与自我关怀能力呈正相关(r=0.247,P<0.001).学校体育环境对大学生自我关怀有着显著的直接效应(β=0.163,P<0.001),校内人际关系的中介效应占总效应的25.62%.学校体育环境对大学生自我关怀能力的发展可产生影响,同时校内人际关系在学校体育环境与大学生自我关怀能力发展中发挥中介作用.

从权力规制走向关系治理:基于社会网络分析的高校内部权力失范及其治理研究

高校内部权力的规范、有序、高效运行是高校权力规制的价值追求。党的十八大以来,高校惩治和预防腐败体系建设成效显著,权力腐败现象得到有效遏制,但影响相对较小、隐匿性强的权力失范现象仍时有发生。对高校内部权力失范案例进行梳理发现,“关系”是隐匿在权力失范背后的力量。从社会网络分析的视角看,高校内部权力主体的社会关系网络具有富集性、自主性和联通性等特征。高校存在“首长”主导型、跨部门“合谋”型、同部门“合谋”型三类关系结构截然不同的小团体。高校应从重视权力规制走向重视关系治理,从重视制度建设走向重视规则完善,从重视决策过程走向重视决策监管,将权力运行场域重塑、权力行为规范和权责意识强化有机统一起来,有效实现对权力失范的系统治理。