If,linguistically speaking,writing constitutes one of the two faces in the form of which discourse can be emitted,his place and his evaluation in didactics of the languages make anchor the feathers of the researchers ...If,linguistically speaking,writing constitutes one of the two faces in the form of which discourse can be emitted,his place and his evaluation in didactics of the languages make anchor the feathers of the researchers in the field.To write or“to produce,to put in situation,to make happen in the direction of enaction”requires the mobilization of a generic and textual competence thus leading to the writing of different types of text according to various situations of communication.In language classes,our students often experience difficulties related to the practice of writing,sometimes causing inhibitions and avoidance strategies.We conducted a research entitled“For a real textual and generic competence in the written productions of high school students in Algeria(the case of three high schools of French Médéa)”.This research is part of several hypotheses corroborated by field surveys with a sample of students from three high schools of Medea.Our pupils,especially at the three secondary school,write very little.If they write,they do so in short texts.The approaches by type of texts(the argumentative,the narrative,the descriptive…)dominate.The pre-text process is often underestimated.The genre,whether literary or non-literary,is rarely taken into account in written production.Our work advocates a reconsideration of gender as an input for the improvement of writing.It defends writing process rather than handwriting transmission.The pre-text,whether collaborative or individual,must be taken into account.The project is an essential concept for implementing a writing project.展开更多
The relationship between the Heaven and human beings is a central issue in the transformation of Confucianism in the Mid-Tang Dynasty.The discourses on the Heaven by Han Yu,Liu Zongyuan,and Liu Yuxi helped to promote ...The relationship between the Heaven and human beings is a central issue in the transformation of Confucianism in the Mid-Tang Dynasty.The discourses on the Heaven by Han Yu,Liu Zongyuan,and Liu Yuxi helped to promote the transformation and greatly influenced the transformation in literature.The differences in the poetry among the three authors may also be interpreted from the perspective of their perceptions of the Heaven—Han Yu’s discourse on the Heaven focused on the enemy-relationship between the Heaven and human beings,so his poems always showed tension and loss.Liu Zongyuan was interested in the alienation between the heaven and human beings,so his poems were more rational and placid than Han Yu’s.However,Liu Yuxi’s discourse on the Heaven paid attention to the positive influence of the Heaven on human beings,and most of his poems were filled with reason.The changes in the relationship between the Heaven and human beings lead to the broadened themes,innovated vocabulary,diversified styles,and varied fresh imageries.Likewise,the relationship between the Heaven and human beings established in the Song Dynasty led accordingly to a new type of literature different from the Tang literature.展开更多
As an attempt to explore the role of reading in EFL writing classes,the paper aims to prove appropriate reading sections can contribute to writing improvement in EFL context and provide a series of EFL writing instruc...As an attempt to explore the role of reading in EFL writing classes,the paper aims to prove appropriate reading sections can contribute to writing improvement in EFL context and provide a series of EFL writing instructional recommendations based on the analysis of theoretical and pedagogical perspectives associated with the relationship between reading and writing,the contributions of reading in EFL writing classes as well as the critical reviews of reading-assisted writing.展开更多
文摘If,linguistically speaking,writing constitutes one of the two faces in the form of which discourse can be emitted,his place and his evaluation in didactics of the languages make anchor the feathers of the researchers in the field.To write or“to produce,to put in situation,to make happen in the direction of enaction”requires the mobilization of a generic and textual competence thus leading to the writing of different types of text according to various situations of communication.In language classes,our students often experience difficulties related to the practice of writing,sometimes causing inhibitions and avoidance strategies.We conducted a research entitled“For a real textual and generic competence in the written productions of high school students in Algeria(the case of three high schools of French Médéa)”.This research is part of several hypotheses corroborated by field surveys with a sample of students from three high schools of Medea.Our pupils,especially at the three secondary school,write very little.If they write,they do so in short texts.The approaches by type of texts(the argumentative,the narrative,the descriptive…)dominate.The pre-text process is often underestimated.The genre,whether literary or non-literary,is rarely taken into account in written production.Our work advocates a reconsideration of gender as an input for the improvement of writing.It defends writing process rather than handwriting transmission.The pre-text,whether collaborative or individual,must be taken into account.The project is an essential concept for implementing a writing project.
文摘The relationship between the Heaven and human beings is a central issue in the transformation of Confucianism in the Mid-Tang Dynasty.The discourses on the Heaven by Han Yu,Liu Zongyuan,and Liu Yuxi helped to promote the transformation and greatly influenced the transformation in literature.The differences in the poetry among the three authors may also be interpreted from the perspective of their perceptions of the Heaven—Han Yu’s discourse on the Heaven focused on the enemy-relationship between the Heaven and human beings,so his poems always showed tension and loss.Liu Zongyuan was interested in the alienation between the heaven and human beings,so his poems were more rational and placid than Han Yu’s.However,Liu Yuxi’s discourse on the Heaven paid attention to the positive influence of the Heaven on human beings,and most of his poems were filled with reason.The changes in the relationship between the Heaven and human beings lead to the broadened themes,innovated vocabulary,diversified styles,and varied fresh imageries.Likewise,the relationship between the Heaven and human beings established in the Song Dynasty led accordingly to a new type of literature different from the Tang literature.
文摘As an attempt to explore the role of reading in EFL writing classes,the paper aims to prove appropriate reading sections can contribute to writing improvement in EFL context and provide a series of EFL writing instructional recommendations based on the analysis of theoretical and pedagogical perspectives associated with the relationship between reading and writing,the contributions of reading in EFL writing classes as well as the critical reviews of reading-assisted writing.
