The Law on Insurance is becomingeffective as the monopoly position ofChina’s insurance and insurance marketis being shifted to an opening one.The lawassimilates the experience and legal contentof advanced internation...The Law on Insurance is becomingeffective as the monopoly position ofChina’s insurance and insurance marketis being shifted to an opening one.The lawassimilates the experience and legal contentof advanced international legislation,but itcan also meet the needs of China’s insurancesystem reform and provide legal protectionfor insurance supervision and sound展开更多
On October 27, 2001, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress adopted a decision on revision of the People's Republic of China Trade Union Law. Guan Huai, legal advisor to the All-China Federat...On October 27, 2001, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress adopted a decision on revision of the People's Republic of China Trade Union Law. Guan Huai, legal advisor to the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, had the following to say in an interview with the Human Rights:展开更多
We investigate the low Mach number limit for the isentropic compressible NavierStokes equations with a revised Maxwell's law(with Galilean invariance) in R^(3). By applying the uniform estimates of the error syste...We investigate the low Mach number limit for the isentropic compressible NavierStokes equations with a revised Maxwell's law(with Galilean invariance) in R^(3). By applying the uniform estimates of the error system, it is proven that the solutions of the isentropic Navier-Stokes equations with a revised Maxwell's law converge to that of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations as the Mach number tends to zero. Moreover, the convergence rates are also obtained.展开更多
As if a special gift for the 10th anniversary of the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women, convened in Beijing in 1995,China revised its 13-year-old Law on the Protection of Women＇s Rights＇ and Inter ests...As if a special gift for the 10th anniversary of the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women, convened in Beijing in 1995,China revised its 13-year-old Law on the Protection of Women＇s Rights＇ and Inter ests on August 28, 2005, to further guarantee gender equality in the country.展开更多
Since its promulgation a decade ago, the Law on Protection of Women＇s Rights and Interests of the People＇s Republic of China （hereinafter referred to as theWomen＇s Protection Law for short） has played a pivotal r...Since its promulgation a decade ago, the Law on Protection of Women＇s Rights and Interests of the People＇s Republic of China （hereinafter referred to as theWomen＇s Protection Law for short） has played a pivotal role in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese women and in promoting gender equality in the country. Nevertheless, it has proved increasingly inadequate as political, economic, social and cultural changes have kept taking place in the country, along with changes in values and people＇s life styles and thinking. First of all, the subject of its enforcement is not explicitly specified,展开更多
Introduction The policy-making process in health reform is challenging due to the complexity of organizations,overlapping roles,and diversity of responsibilities.The present study aims to investigate and analyze the n...Introduction The policy-making process in health reform is challenging due to the complexity of organizations,overlapping roles,and diversity of responsibilities.The present study aims to investigate and analyze the network of actors in the Iran health insurance ecosystem regarding the laws before and after the adoption of the Universal Health Insurance(UHI).Methods The present study was done by sequential exploratory mixed method research,consisting of two distinct phases.During the qualitative phase,the actors and issues pertaining to the laws of the Iranian health insurance ecosystem from 1971 to 2021 were identified through a systematic search of the laws and regulations section of the Research Center of the Islamic Legislative Assembly website.Qualitative data was analyzed in three steps using directed content analysis.During the quantitative phase,in order to draw the communication network of the actors in Iran’s health insurance ecosystem,the data related to the nodes and links of the networks was collected.The communication networks were drawn using Gephi software and the micro-and macro-indicators of network were calculated and analyzed.Results There were 245 laws and 510 articles identified in the field of health insurance in Iran from 1971 to 2021.Most of the legal comments were on financial matters and credit allocation,and the payment of premiums.The number of actors before and after the enactment of the UHI Law was 33 and 137,respectively.The Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the Iran Health Insurance Organization were found the two main actors in the network before and after the approval of this law.Conclusions Adopting a UHI Law and delegating various legal missions and tasks,often with support to the health insurance organization,have facilitated the achievement of the law objectives.However,it has created a poor governance system and a network of actors with low coherence.Based on the results of the study,it is suggested to reduce actor roles and separate them for better governance and to prevent corruption in health insurance ecosystem.Introducing knowledge and technology brokers can be effective in strengthening governance and filling the structural gaps between actors.展开更多
We show first that an orbit, which is naturally characterized by its eccentricity and semi-latus rectum, can equally be characterized by other sets of parameters, and proceed to determine mass-independent characteriza...We show first that an orbit, which is naturally characterized by its eccentricity and semi-latus rectum, can equally be characterized by other sets of parameters, and proceed to determine mass-independent characterizations. The latter is employed to obtain the laws of equivalent orbits, which by definition have the same eccentricity and orbit’s parameter [1]. These laws relate the values of the same physical observables on two equivalent orbits to the corresponding total mass;they include the laws of velocity, angular velocity, radial velocity, areal velocity, acceleration, period, energy and angular momentum. Regardless of the share of the two bodies of a fixed total mass, the same relative orbit occurs for the same initial conditions. Moreover, the same orbit can be traced by different total masses but with different relative velocities. The concept of a gravitational field generated by a set of masses is shown to be meaningful only when the center of mass is not changed by the test mass. The associated concept of the “nothing”, which is an infinitesimal mass that allows for the property just mentioned to be fulfilled, is introduced and its orbits are determined. The perturbation of the nothing orbits due to its replacement by a finite mass is determined. It is proved that such a replacement can have a qualitative effect resulting in a “phase transition” of an orbit from unbound to bound, and that the nothing’s circular orbits cannot be occupied by any material body. The Galileo law of free fall, on which the equivalence principle hinges and which is exact only for “nothing-like” falling objects, is revised to determine the duration of free fall of a body of an arbitrary mass. The wholeness of Newton’s laws and the associated concept of force as an interaction are highlighted, and some contradictions between the Newtonian laws of equivalent Kepler’s orbits and the general relativistic predictions are discussed. It is demonstrated that Newton’s law of gravitation is not an approximation of Einstein field Equations even in the case of a static weak field. However, both theories have a common limit corresponding to the case in which the alien concept of a field can be incorporated in the Newtonian theory. We also show that the relative velocity’s hodograph [2-4], the alternative Laplace-Runge-Lenz (LRL) vector derived by Hamilton [4-6], as well as an infinite set of LRL vectors, result all from one vector. The hodograph is a proper circular arc for hyperbolic motion, a circle less a point for parabolic motion, and a full circle for bound motion.展开更多
文摘The Law on Insurance is becomingeffective as the monopoly position ofChina’s insurance and insurance marketis being shifted to an opening one.The lawassimilates the experience and legal contentof advanced international legislation,but itcan also meet the needs of China’s insurancesystem reform and provide legal protectionfor insurance supervision and sound
文摘On October 27, 2001, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress adopted a decision on revision of the People's Republic of China Trade Union Law. Guan Huai, legal advisor to the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, had the following to say in an interview with the Human Rights:
基金Yuxi HU was supported by the NNSFC (11701556)the Yue Qi Young Scholar ProjectChina University of Mining and Technology (Beijing)。
文摘We investigate the low Mach number limit for the isentropic compressible NavierStokes equations with a revised Maxwell's law(with Galilean invariance) in R^(3). By applying the uniform estimates of the error system, it is proven that the solutions of the isentropic Navier-Stokes equations with a revised Maxwell's law converge to that of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations as the Mach number tends to zero. Moreover, the convergence rates are also obtained.
文摘As if a special gift for the 10th anniversary of the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women, convened in Beijing in 1995,China revised its 13-year-old Law on the Protection of Women＇s Rights＇ and Inter ests on August 28, 2005, to further guarantee gender equality in the country.
文摘Since its promulgation a decade ago, the Law on Protection of Women＇s Rights and Interests of the People＇s Republic of China （hereinafter referred to as theWomen＇s Protection Law for short） has played a pivotal role in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese women and in promoting gender equality in the country. Nevertheless, it has proved increasingly inadequate as political, economic, social and cultural changes have kept taking place in the country, along with changes in values and people＇s life styles and thinking. First of all, the subject of its enforcement is not explicitly specified,
文摘Introduction The policy-making process in health reform is challenging due to the complexity of organizations,overlapping roles,and diversity of responsibilities.The present study aims to investigate and analyze the network of actors in the Iran health insurance ecosystem regarding the laws before and after the adoption of the Universal Health Insurance(UHI).Methods The present study was done by sequential exploratory mixed method research,consisting of two distinct phases.During the qualitative phase,the actors and issues pertaining to the laws of the Iranian health insurance ecosystem from 1971 to 2021 were identified through a systematic search of the laws and regulations section of the Research Center of the Islamic Legislative Assembly website.Qualitative data was analyzed in three steps using directed content analysis.During the quantitative phase,in order to draw the communication network of the actors in Iran’s health insurance ecosystem,the data related to the nodes and links of the networks was collected.The communication networks were drawn using Gephi software and the micro-and macro-indicators of network were calculated and analyzed.Results There were 245 laws and 510 articles identified in the field of health insurance in Iran from 1971 to 2021.Most of the legal comments were on financial matters and credit allocation,and the payment of premiums.The number of actors before and after the enactment of the UHI Law was 33 and 137,respectively.The Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the Iran Health Insurance Organization were found the two main actors in the network before and after the approval of this law.Conclusions Adopting a UHI Law and delegating various legal missions and tasks,often with support to the health insurance organization,have facilitated the achievement of the law objectives.However,it has created a poor governance system and a network of actors with low coherence.Based on the results of the study,it is suggested to reduce actor roles and separate them for better governance and to prevent corruption in health insurance ecosystem.Introducing knowledge and technology brokers can be effective in strengthening governance and filling the structural gaps between actors.
文摘We show first that an orbit, which is naturally characterized by its eccentricity and semi-latus rectum, can equally be characterized by other sets of parameters, and proceed to determine mass-independent characterizations. The latter is employed to obtain the laws of equivalent orbits, which by definition have the same eccentricity and orbit’s parameter [1]. These laws relate the values of the same physical observables on two equivalent orbits to the corresponding total mass;they include the laws of velocity, angular velocity, radial velocity, areal velocity, acceleration, period, energy and angular momentum. Regardless of the share of the two bodies of a fixed total mass, the same relative orbit occurs for the same initial conditions. Moreover, the same orbit can be traced by different total masses but with different relative velocities. The concept of a gravitational field generated by a set of masses is shown to be meaningful only when the center of mass is not changed by the test mass. The associated concept of the “nothing”, which is an infinitesimal mass that allows for the property just mentioned to be fulfilled, is introduced and its orbits are determined. The perturbation of the nothing orbits due to its replacement by a finite mass is determined. It is proved that such a replacement can have a qualitative effect resulting in a “phase transition” of an orbit from unbound to bound, and that the nothing’s circular orbits cannot be occupied by any material body. The Galileo law of free fall, on which the equivalence principle hinges and which is exact only for “nothing-like” falling objects, is revised to determine the duration of free fall of a body of an arbitrary mass. The wholeness of Newton’s laws and the associated concept of force as an interaction are highlighted, and some contradictions between the Newtonian laws of equivalent Kepler’s orbits and the general relativistic predictions are discussed. It is demonstrated that Newton’s law of gravitation is not an approximation of Einstein field Equations even in the case of a static weak field. However, both theories have a common limit corresponding to the case in which the alien concept of a field can be incorporated in the Newtonian theory. We also show that the relative velocity’s hodograph [2-4], the alternative Laplace-Runge-Lenz (LRL) vector derived by Hamilton [4-6], as well as an infinite set of LRL vectors, result all from one vector. The hodograph is a proper circular arc for hyperbolic motion, a circle less a point for parabolic motion, and a full circle for bound motion.
