Regulations for the Protection of the Right of Communication through Information Network

Article 1 These Regulations have been formulated under the Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Copyright Law) with a view to protecting the right of communication through information network enjoyed by copyright owners, performers and producers of sound recordings and video recordings (hereinafter collectively referred to as the right owners) and to encouraging creation and communication of works conducive to the building of a socialist society that is advanced ethically and materially.

The Profound Revelation of Human Social Relations and the Profound Realization of Information Right of Citizens——The social significance of network technique advancement in the perspective of “Entity Cube”

The R＆D group of relationship searching in Microsoft Asia Research Institute explains ＂Entity Cube＂ launched in 2008 as follows：

Impact of Enforcement of Right of Communication through Information Network

On 27 October 2001, the Standing Committee of the People's Congress reviewed and passed the Amendment to the Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China. In Article 10 of the amended Copyright Law as of 2001 has been incorporated a new subject matter under the copyright protection: the right of communication through information network, that is, the right to make a work available to the public by wire or by wireless means, so that people may have access to the work from a place and at a time individu...

Drivers for Inter-city Innovation Networks Across Chinese Cities:Modelling Physical Versus Intangible Effects

Cross-region innovation is widely recognized as an important source of the long-term regional innovation capacity.In the recent past,a growing number of studies has investigated the network structure and mechanisms of cross-region innovation collaboration in various contexts.However,existing research mainly focuses on physical effects,such as geographical distance and high-speed railway connections.These studies ignore the intangible drivers in a changing environment,the more digitalized economy and the increasingly solidified innovation network structure.Thus,the focus of this study is on estimating determinants of innovation networks,especially on intangible drivers,which have been largely neglected so far.Using city-level data of Chinese patents(excluding Hong Kong,Macao,and Taiwan Province of China),we trace innovation networks across Chinese cities over a long period of time.By integrating a measure on Information and Communications Technology(ICT)development gap and network structural effects into the general proximity framework,this paper explores the changing mechanisms of Chinese innovation networks from a new perspective.The results show that the structure of cross-region innovation networks has changed in China.As mechanisms behind this development,the results confirm the increasingly important role of intangible drivers in Chinese inter-city innovation collaboration when controlling for effects of physical proximity,such as geographical distance.Since digitalization and coordinated development are the mainstream trends in China and other developing countries,these countries'inter-city innovation collaboration patterns will witness dramatic changes under the influence of intangible drivers.

Edge Semantic Cognitive Intelligence for 6G Networks:Novel Theoretical Models,Enabling Framework,and Typical Applications

Edge intelligence is anticipated to underlay the pathway to connected intelligence for 6G networks,but the organic confluence of edge computing and artificial intelligence still needs to be carefully treated.To this end,this article discusses the concepts of edge intelligence from the semantic cognitive perspective.Two instructive theoretical models for edge semantic cognitive intelligence(ESCI)are first established.Afterwards,the ESCI framework orchestrating deep learning with semantic communication is discussed.Two representative applications are present to shed light on the prospect of ESCI in 6G networks.Some open problems are finally listed to elicit the future research directions of ESCI.

Application of Network Information Communication Technology in Power System

Network information communication technology in power systems is the key to ensuring the safe and efficient operation of power grids.The network information communication technology itself has advantages in automation operation and information transmission,thus is widely applied to the power system.In the case of ensuring that the power system is compatible with the network information communication technology,the control of the power system can be strengthened,and the operational efficiency of the power system can be improved.This paper mainly analyzes the specific application of network information communication technology in power system.

Development in theoretical study and practice of library legislation in China

One of the most outstanding characteristics of library legislation in China is that theoretical research and legislative practice are mutually reinforcing, making important issues and basic rules and regulations closely associated with legislation and the research focus. A national library law is currently being enacted while several local library legislations have already seen fruitful results. In the enactment of 'Regulations for the Protection of Information Network Dissemination Rights', the library professional participated for the first time in enacting a national copyright law, which led to unprecedented flourishing of library activities and copyright studies. The promulgation of another legal framework,'Government Information Disclosure Regulations' further advanced the research on related issues and pushed forward government information services in public libraries in the same way. A new landmark for library legislation in recent years is the promulgation of'Guidelines for Land Utilization for Public Library Construction' and 'Public Library Construction Standards', while the framing of 'Rules of Professional Ethics for Librarians in China(On trial)' and the 'Library Service Manifesto' give indication that a framework of self-disciplinary measures of library professionals is established.

An Adaptive Routing Algorithm for Integrated Information Networks

The integrated information network is a large capacity information network that integrates various communication platforms on the ground, at sea, in the air and in the deep air through the inter-satellite and satellite-ground links to acquire information accurately, process it quickly, and transmit it efficiently. The satellite communication, as an important part of integrated information networks, is one of main approaches to acquire, process and distribute communication information and resources. In this paper, based on current researches of the satellite communication network, we put forward a 3-layer satellite communication network model based on the Software Defined Network (SDN). Meanwhile, to improve current routing policies of the Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite communication network, we put forward an Adaptive Routing Algorithm (ARA) to sustain the shortest satellite communication link. Experiment results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce link distance and communication delay, and realize adaptive path planning.

Dynamic Event-Triggered Scheduling and Platooning Control Co-Design for Automated Vehicles Over Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

This paper deals with the co-design problem of event-triggered communication scheduling and platooning control over vehicular ad-hoc networks(VANETs)subject to finite communication resource.First,a unified model is presented to describe the coordinated platoon behavior of leader-follower vehicles in the simultaneous presence of unknown external disturbances and an unknown leader control input.Under such a platoon model,the central aim is to achieve robust platoon formation tracking with desired inter-vehicle spacing and same velocities and accelerations guided by the leader,while attaining improved communication efficiency.Toward this aim,a novel bandwidth-aware dynamic event-triggered scheduling mechanism is developed.One salient feature of the scheduling mechanism is that the threshold parameter in the triggering law is dynamically adjusted over time based on both vehicular state variations and bandwidth status.Then,a sufficient condition for platoon control system stability and performance analysis as well as a co-design criterion of the admissible event-triggered platooning control law and the desired scheduling mechanism are derived.Finally,simulation results are provided to substantiate the effectiveness and merits of the proposed co-design approach for guaranteeing a trade-off between robust platooning control performance and communication efficiency.

Information security through controlled quantum teleportation networks

Information security is the backbone of current intelligent systems,such as the Internet of Things(IoT),smart grids,and Machine-to-Machine(M2M)communication.The increasing threat of information security requires new models to ensure the safe transmission of information through such systems.Recently,quantum systems have drawn much attention since they are expected to have a significant impact on the research in information security.This paper proposes a quantum teleportation scheme based on controlled multi-users to ensure the secure information transmission among users.Quantum teleportation is an original key element in a variety of quantum information tasks as well as quantum-based technologies,which plays a pivotal role in the current progress of quantum computing and communication.In the proposed scheme,the sender transmits the information to the receiver under the control of a third user or controller.Here,we show that the efficiency of the proposed scheme depends on the properties of the transmission channel and the honesty of the controller.Compared with various teleportation scheme presented recently in the literature,the most important difference in the proposed scheme is the possibility of suspicion about the honesty of the controller and,consequently,taking proper precautions.

Implementation Study of a Centralized Routing Protocol for Data Acquisition in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) attract considerable amount of research efforts from both industry and academia. With limited power and computational capability available on a sensor node, robustness and efficiency are the main concerns when designing a routing protocol for WSNs with low complexity. There are various existing design approaches, such as data-centric approach, hierarchical approach and location-based approach, which were designed for a particular application with specific requirements. In this paper, we study the design and implementation of a routing protocol for data acquisition in WSNs. The designed routing protocol is named Centralized Sensor Protocol for Information via Negotiation (CSPIN), which essentially combines the advertise-request-transfer process and a routing distribution mechanism. Implementation is realized and demonstrated with the Crossbow MicaZ hardware using nesC/TinyOS. It was our intention to provide a hand-on study of implementation of centralized routing protocol for WSNs.

Sonar Image Target Detection for Underwater Communication System Based on Deep Neural Network

Target signal acquisition and detection based on sonar images is a challenging task due to the complex underwater environment.In order to solve the problem that some semantic information in sonar images is lost and model detection performance is degraded due to the complex imaging environment,we proposed a more effective and robust target detection framework based on deep learning,which can make full use of the acoustic shadow information in the forward-looking sonar images to assist underwater target detection.Firstly,the weighted box fusion method is adopted to generate a fusion box by weighted fusion of prediction boxes with high confidence,so as to obtain accurate acoustic shadow boxes.Further,the acoustic shadow box is cut down to get the feature map containing the acoustic shadow information,and then the acoustic shadow feature map and the target information feature map are adaptively fused to make full use of the acoustic shadow feature information.In addition,we introduce a threshold processing module to improve the attention of the model to important feature information.Through the underwater sonar dataset provided by Pengcheng Laboratory,the proposed method improved the average accuracy by 3.14%at the IoU threshold of 0.7,which is better than the current traditional target detection model.

Reiki as a Communication Process:Between Philosophic Concepts and Experimental Application

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze and provide reliable solutions to the Reiki application technique,starting from the fundamental principles expressed by the Reiki origin philosophy,which are proved to be in accordance with the Informational Model of Human and Living Structures(IMHLS).This model reveals the following main fundamental features of the living organisms:(i)On the entire scale of evolution and organization,from the eukaryotic cell-the composing unit of human,plants,animals to human,the living organisms show a similar informational structure,defined as Informational System of Human and Living Structure(ISHLS);(ii)this informational system is organized in seven informational components,three of them assuring the structuration/restructuration/reproduction and maintenance of the body itself,and the other four the connection with external/inner reality for adaptation;(iii)the neuro-connections between brain and body of the informational components of the ISHLS correspond with the activity of“Chakras”of the ancient empirical model as vital centers of human;(iv)the activity of the ISHLS is reflected in mind by cognitive centers,explaining consciousness.The comparison between the informational results of the IMHLS,with the philosophic Reiki origin concepts,sustains the application of Reiki technique,but improves its understanding and right application by using new,modern concepts developed by the informational model,in accordance not only with their ancient,empirical expression,but much more than that,with actual scientific knowledge on this issue nowadays,concerning information and info-transferring/communication stream in the living bodies.The successful application and effective results of this new version allow to consider this as Ro-Reiki version,just to recognize the essential Romanian contribution to this improvement,concerning the implication and effectiveness of information and the info-communication mechanisms into the human and living organisms,explained in scientific terms of information and psycho-somatic therapy effects.

NFT数字作品交易行为的“发行属性”与适用规则

NFT数字作品交易方兴未艾,但侵权问题频现,亟需合理的规制路径。NFT技术促进数字作品交易客体特定化并产生准物权变动的效果,使NFT数字作品区别于一般数字作品与传统作品,为发行权扩张提供了技术性支撑。但发行权的扩张尚面临诸多困境,包括“有形载体”要件的阻碍、“所有权转移要件”标准不明、发行权与信息网络传播权在数字环境中存在重叠等。基于此,应当厘清数字环境中发行权与信息网络传播权的关系;细化NFT数字作品交易领域的发行权适用标准,完成从“有形载体”到“作品与载体相对应”的转变,明确“出售”及“所有权转移”的认定;以“转让+删除”技术及征收版权转售费作为辅助手段,完成发行权在NFT数字作品交易中的嬗变与适用。

NFT数字艺术品版权法律问题的厘清

NFT数字艺术品具有唯一性,是有数字资产价值的艺术品。相较于一般艺术品,它具有准物权属性和版权属性,其交易是数字资产权属交易和版权许可使用的复合行为。NFT数字艺术品交易分为铸造发布和链上交易两个阶段。铸造是版权法意义上的复制行为,上链发布是信息网络传播行为,后续链上交易不属于复制行为,而是准发行行为,其转售行为适用权利穷竭原则。由于载体的无形性,NFT数字艺术品持有人无法享有展览权。同时,基于智能合约中蕴含的版权许可,持有人享有非交互式传播的权利。对NFT数字艺术品非交互式传播的保护,可以考虑通过将其纳入广播权控制范围或者适用《中华人民共和国著作权法》第十条“其他权利”等途径实现。

馆藏绝版作品数字化传播的规范进路

国家图书馆与北京三面向公司著作权纠纷案让馆藏绝版作品的数字化传播问题引起社会关注。为保护著作权并调和社会公共利益,避免破坏正常市场运作机制,我国《信息网络传播权保护条例》规定了馆藏绝版作品数字化传播的合理使用制度。从实施情况看,条例对适格客体条件与传播范围的限制过于严苛,存在违反基本公共服务均等性要求和违背利益平衡原则等问题。借鉴新修订《日本著作权法》中的相关条款,建议我国对于馆藏绝版作品的数字化传播规范宜采取如下改革措施:一是扩大合理使用的范围,建立覆盖馆内、馆际、馆外的传播体系,并设置匹配的补偿机制;二是优化客体适用条件,建立“绝版作品”的动态认定机制;三是探索建立以国家图书馆为枢纽的绝版作品数字化传播运行机制。

NFT数字藏品交易的发行权性质证成——兼评“NFT侵权第一案”

近年来,依托区块链技术,NFT数字藏品交易作为一种新兴的商业模式在快速发展的同时,也带来了法律适用上的挑战。NFT(非同质化通证)实质是区块链网络里具有唯一性的可倍数数字权益凭证。因此,相较于传统数字作品,NFT数字藏品最重要的特征在于其唯一性,从而具备了永久收藏的价值,NFT数字藏品交易可以达到“所有权转移”的效果。如果用信息网络传播权的相关规则对NFT数字藏品进行规制,将导致权利用尽原则的排除,无法对NFT数字藏品转售行为提供相应的法律保障,这违背了开放NFT数字藏品二级市场的趋势。为了使NFT数字藏品转售具有合法性,维持NFT数字藏品交易市场的秩序,文章认为有必要在NFT数字藏品交易领域破除发行权“有形载体”的传统要件,并对发行权用尽原则进行扩张解释与适用。

论数字权利用尽原则——兼评我国NFT数字作品侵权第一案

目前我国实务中以NFT技术为代表的著作权保护之技术措施的运用已逐步兴起,其中产生的问题也颇受关注。例如,关于在技术措施保障下传统著作发行权权利用尽原则在数字网络环境中适用问题的讨论。当前我国围绕数字权利用尽原则的既有研究,无论是在规范解释还是在法律适用层面均存有争议与不足;因此有必要以近年实务中审判的所谓“我国NFT数字作品侵权第一案之‘胖虎打疫苗’案”为契机对其进行澄清和完善。经案例分析后认为,在NFT技术背景下数字权利用尽原则具有适用的可能性与正当性。进而基于我国现行法与司法实际,在相关规范本身完善的同时,最高人民法院可通过颁布相应司法解释与发布指导性案例的方式,保障该原则在数字经济时代的稳定适用。

NFT数字作品转售行为的法律规制

我国即将进入数字资产二级交易阶段,NFT数字作品转售行为作为二级市场中主要的交易行为,尚存在行为法律属性模糊、利益分配机制缺失和交易平台身份混乱等现实困境。这些现实困境是由当下NFT数字作品转售模式所导致,作品与数字载体的一体化、交易模式转变和NFT交易市场监管真空是NFT数字作品转售行为出现现实困境的根本原因。为避免不当的转售行为对权利人和社会公共利益造成损失,建议通过明确数据财产权的权利内容、赋予著作权人有限的追续权益、构建NFT数字作品交易平台规则等方式,合理规制NFT数字作品转售行为,有效促进我国NFT二级交易市场的流通与发展。