CHINA'S RISE IN THE EYES OF WESTERN OBSERVERS

An innate sensitivity to and phobia of China’s rise seem to have gripped someWestern observers for years.Early back in the 19th century,Napoleon warned the West to“let Chinasleep”.“There lies a sleeping giant,”begins his well-known remark.“Let hersleep.For when she wakes,she will shake the world.”In the 1990s,these

The Role of Authoritative Leadership in the Rise of Western Great Powers in Modern Times

The authoritative leadership of a country is the legal political leadership approved by the people. Authoritative leadership has played important and irreplaceable roles in the rise of various western great powers in various forms in modern times. However,they cannot promote the development of every country in every period because of the limitations determined by the defects existing in themselves.

Contributors to tidal duration asymmetry with varied coastline configurations on western shelf of Yellow Sea

Coastal management in China is confronted with an urgent choice between natural restoration and maintenance of existing seawalls and reclaimed land for economic development.A key criterion for making this decision is the resilience to coastal flooding,which depends on the ability to predict tidal level.Tidal duration asymmetry(TDA)is a key parameter in determination of the arrival and duration of flood tides.This study selected the western inner shelf of the Yellow Sea(WYS)as the study area and investigated the responses of TDA to different shoreline configurations and relative sea level rise.The responses of TDA to shoreline reconstruction yielded spatial variability locally and remotely.In the nearshore area,the responses of TDA to the complex ocean environment mainly originated from the combined functions of reflection,bottom friction,and advection,which controlled the energy transfer from M2 or S2 constituents to their overtides or compound tides.The sensitivity of TDA to coastline typologies was not limited to coastal waters but could stretch over the entire inner shelf.The vulnerability of tidal responses was due to the displacement of the M2 amphidrome of the Kelvin wave on the WYS,which in turn changed tidal energy fluxes over the regime.The relative sea level rise could intensify the feedback of TDA to seawalls and land reclamation.

Studies on Taboo Customs in China and Western Countries From the Perspective of Intercultural Communication

With the continuous process of globalization, the intercultural communication between China and Western countries is steadily expanded. Due to different cultural backgrounds, misunderstandings are inevitable in intercultural exchanges, which may cause embarrassing situation or unnecessary trouble. As a part of culture, taboo customs involve political, economical, social, and many other aspects, ranging from people’s daily life to the global diplomacy. Thus, studies on taboo customs in China and Western countries are meaningful to the understanding of different cultures. This paper mainly discusses the taboo customs from two aspects, in intercultural verbal communication and nonverbal communication, which is necessary for the smoothness and effectiveness of intercultural exchanges.

Talking about the Difference between Chinese and Western Rite in Food and Cloth

In recent days,with more and more frequent exchanges and communications between China and western countries,their different culture,including different rites is involved in each other.Some people think that western things are definitely much better than Chinese things,so they imitate them from every aspect.It is not good for them to do so because some western things fit for westerners more than for Chinese people.This paper endeavors to illustrate that Chinese people should properly absorb western culture through briefly introducing food and cloth culture in China and Western countries.

On The Research of Foreign and Domestic Human Capital Theory

Human Capital Theory came into being in the middle and later periods of the 20th century. A lot of achievements have been made on the research in its connotation, measures of the value, investment and income, function mechanism and so on, by foreign scholars. In recent 10 years of the new Millennium alternation, the "steal business effect" and the structure of human capital on the mechanism of economic rise has become the two emphasis in current foreign Human Capital Theory’s research. On the basis of foreign researches and Chinese situations, domestic scholars have enriched and developed it, but there are many disparities in its methods, aspects and levels between foreign and domestic researches.

The Need of Improvement of Humanism in Education

This paper introduces the definition of humanism and its different embodiment in westem countries and China, especially its embodiment in education. Comparing the different teaching methods between westem countries and China, it mentions the need of improvement on some aspects of education in China. The full development and potential of students are emphasized. Its purpose is to set teachers think about the appropriate ways of teaching in the future.

Study on the Dining Etiquette Difference between China and Western Countries

This paper attempts to discuss dining etiquette difference in China and western countries from the aspect of across-cultural communication by meticulously selecting many fresh examples. The author puts forward the main difference of dinner etiquette and the reasons for differences. It concludes that the methods for avoiding conflict. The research can offer a little help to the cross-cultural communication.

Healed and Crippled： The Effect of Global Medicine on African Indigenous Treatment and Care Approaches

Whereas global medicine and health care practices have improved the quality of people＇s lives, especially in the developing countries data abounds that local communities have been crippled by the same medical practises. Some societies in developing countries have become sources of specimen for clinical trials of biomedicine which is unaffordable to their citizens. This paper explores the neglect of traditional African medicinal innovations and research in favour of imported Western medicine perpetuated by the developed countries. The paper argues that global medicine and health care have neither utilized nor recognized the African Traditional Medicine （ATM） fully, despite the fact that cultures in developed world used and continue to utilize the indigenous medical knowledge. The paper further argues that instead of neglecting African Traditional Medicine, ATM and biomedicine can be more beneficial by blending them into a single system, through what we would call in this paper High-Performance Medical Research （HPMR）. This would allow participation of communities to achieve both socio-eeonomic and medical knowledge growth rather than being a monopoly and preserve of developed organizations in the North. This paper proposes that HPMR should be a systematic and scientific approach for enhancing local people＇s participation in the development of medical ventures. This paper draws on secondary data on traditional African therapeutic practices by some local communities in East Africa combined with literature review on medical practice in Western societies.

New Trends in the Relationship Between Major Western Countries and Africa

With the deep-going development of globalization and enhanced African unity for self-improvement, the international community is paying more and more attention to the standing of Africa and the role it plays. The United States, Japan, Russia, India and the European Union (EU), are strengthening and upgrading, out of their own needs, their political and economic relations with African countries in a bid to consolidate their strategic interests in the continent.

Factors Determining Health Expenditure in the Asian and the OECD Countries

It is widely recognized that developed countries have been spending more than developing countries on health care. Objective of the study is to examine determinants of health expenditure and what factors influence it. Fifteen Asian countries and 30 OECD countries were chosen to explore the difference of their health expenditure structures. Model of health expenditure per person was estimated to be dependent on market demand, market supply, and other exogenous factors. A model with country specific and time effects of health expenditure was used and estimated. The study found a negative but insignificant relationship between price and health expenditure and a positive and significant relationship between GDP and health expenditure. Urban population density as proxy of urbanization was found to induce the health expenditure in the OECD. Out-of-pocket payment was also found to induce health expenditure for both the Asian and the OECD countries. A net effect of improvement in the health status or a lower mortality rate and a higher life expectancy caused an increase in the health expenditure among the Asian countries studied but decreased health expenditure in the OECD countries. In terms of income elasticity, it was found to be smaller than one in both groups of the countries. Since the income has changed faster than the other factors, the net effect of changes of all factors over period of time will cause rising in health care expenditure. Finally, the model indicated that both the Asian and OECD countries will continue to have a rising health expenditure per person over a period of time.

Gu Jiegang’s “Discussion of Ancient History” Movement and It Relationship with Developments in Western Sinology

The scholarship in modern China is closely related to Western sinology in terms of school ties.Gu Jiegang’s launching of the"Discussion of Ancient History"movement centered on the"theory of the accumulated creation of Chinese ancient history"was a representative example.At the beginning of the movement Hu Shi and Gu Jiegang proposed the notion that,"there was no history before the Eastern Zhou Dynasty"which was indebted to the historical skepticism by Philip Van Ness Myers(American scholar)and Friedrich Hirth(German sinologist)of the same period.The idea that"the Shang Dynasty is still in the late Stone Age"advocated by Hu and Gu was also directly influenced by J.G.Andersson’s An Early Chinese Culture.Conversely,American sinologist Arthur W.Hummel Sr played a key role in introducing and evaluating the first volume of Discussion of Ancient History to Western academia.Paradoxically,while Swedish sinologis Bernhard Karlgren wrote On the Authenticity and Nature of the Tso Chuan to refute Kang Youwei’s reinterpretation of Confucian Classics(The Forged Classics of the Wang Mang Period),his work however became of value for Chinese historic doubt scholars to reaffirm the value of New Text Confucianism and advance the"Discussion of Ancient History"movement.If we would like to choose a saying to describe the relationship between the"Discussion of Ancien History"movement and Western Sinology,the Chinese proverb,"Stones from other hills may serve to polish jade of this one,"may be an appropriate choice.

On Advertisement from the Cross-culture Perspective

Along with China and western countries keep an increasingly close relationship in the economic fields as well as competitions,the most powerful weapon available shaping self image and promoting domestic market is the advertisement.So,if we want the commercial advertising to play its role properly,the cultural differences can not be ignored.This paper focus on the inner link between commercial advertisement language,commercial advertisement translation and culture from the point of cross-culture,and finally put forwards some principles from the view of trans-cultural.

Differences of Wine Culture in Western Countries and China

1.Introduction The wine as an objective substance in the world is in the shape of water while it has the character of fire.Since the wine comes into being,it has contributed to a rich cultural connotation of human social life.It will brighten the bright and fool the fool.According to the Chinese history,drinking is such a common thing

向海图强:奋力谱写中国式现代化广西篇章的重要使命与历史责任

党的十八大以来,习近平总书记分别于2017年、2021年和2023年三次视察广西。2023年12月,习近平总书记视察广西时强调,广西要“解放思想、创新求变,向海图强、开放发展”。广西背靠大西南、毗邻粤港澳、面向东南亚,具有沿江、沿海、沿边与东盟“一湾相挽十一国,良性互动东中西”的独特区位优势。向海之路为奋力谱写中国式现代化广西篇章指明方向,向海发展是广西破茧成蝶的根本出路,向海经济是广西高质量发展的重要引擎,向海图强已成为广西新时代新征程的新起点。向海图强既是广西的机遇和优势,也是广西的责任和使命。伴随着系列相关政策文件、战略规划和行动计划的相继颁布实施,广西向海经济发展新格局初步形成。平陆运河建成通航后,将形成广西及西南地区通往东盟的运距最短、最经济、最便捷的运输通道。陆江湾海的联动将撬动区域经济版图,推动形成国内国际双循环战略链接的枢纽。2023年12月习近平主席应邀访问越南具有标志性意义,确立了构建具有战略意义的中越命运共同体,开启了中越两党两国关系发展的新阶段,谱写了新时代中越关系的新篇章,将更有利于广西的向海图强、开放发展。

大国兴衰与国际秩序的历史演进

大国兴衰与国际秩序的历史演进有着非常密切的联系。尽管近代以来国际秩序的具体形态不断发生演变,大国之间的力量对比不断发生改变,但欧洲和西方大国始终是国际秩序的主导力量。二战结束之后,摆脱了殖民地或半殖民地地位的非西方大国开始登上世界舞台。冷战结束后,一批非西方大国在新一轮的经济全球化进程中乘势而起,改变了大国之间力量对比结果,促成了“世界百年未有之大变局”的到来。相比于西方大国,非西方大国不仅具有更为广阔和长远的发展优势,更有不同的历史经验和价值追求,从而为国际秩序的发展变化注入了新的活力。而中国提出“人类命运共同体”理念构想和“全球发展倡议”“全球安全倡议”“全球文明倡议”,更是为超越当今世界所面临的挑战和困局,构建更为公正、合理的国际秩序,提供了令人鼓舞的发展目标和前景。

金融生态、经济发展与西部金融中心构建路径

推进西部金融中心建设是成渝地区双城经济圈建设的重要内容。那么,成渝地区金融发展的“家底”如何?与国家战略目标的差距有多大?运用AHP方法构建区域金融生态指标体系,对重庆和成都的金融生态进行评价;并以上海金融生态为标的,分析重庆和成都共建西部金融中心与上海金融中心的差距;运用PVAR模型实证检验金融生态与经济发展的关系。研究发现:重庆、成都和成渝的金融生态主体发展水平远落后于上海,部分金融生态环境均值指标也相对落后;金融中心能够增强金融要素资源集聚功能,优化资本配置,促进金融生态良性循环;良好的金融生态有利于经济发展,经济发展又可以促进金融生态主体发展和金融生态环境改善;构建西部金融中心有助于促进成渝地区金融生态良性循环,打造西部经济高质量发展重要增长极和新的动力源。基于此,从金融生态视角提出重庆和成都共同打造内陆国际金融中心的路径。

“一带一路”下中国与非洲国家合作的成功经验、实质内容及建构方略--以尼日利亚为例

中国和非洲国家同是有着深厚历史和文化积淀的发展中国家,也都是进入了各自国家发展的重要阶段,“一带一路”倡议给中非合作提供了新平台、带来新契机。尼日利亚是非洲第一大经济体和人口最多的国家,在非洲区域和国际事务中发挥着引领作用,中国和尼日利亚在“一带一路”框架下合作的成功经验、实质内容和建构方略对中非合作具有重要借鉴意义。当前,尼日利亚发展前景既迎来良好机遇,又面临一些重大挑战,只要能总结经验、吸取教训,那么总体上来说机遇大于挑战。因此,中国应利用“一带一路”国际合作平台,以产业链高端化、价值链现代化为主攻方向,积极对接中尼各自发展战略和重点合作领域,探索对现有合作存量的潜力挖掘和二次开发,不断充实两国战略合作伙伴关系内涵,努力为尼日利亚破解发展中面临诸多困难贡献智慧和力量,并将在此过程中积累的经验推广扩散到更多非洲国家,将实现中国与非洲各国发展战略和政策规划继续深入对接作为最高理想和最终目标。

战略科技力量与大国兴衰的逻辑——以二战后美国科技博弈为例

研究战略科技力量如何影响大国兴衰及其核心逻辑,对于维护国家主权、安全与发展利益具有重大的意义。战略科技力量推动大国力量消长,加剧大国安全困境,打破大国内部权力均衡。基于对美苏、美日、美中科技博弈的历史与现实案例的考察可见,美国通过科技博弈巩固了霸权,延缓了霸权的衰落,但同时也对自身带来科技伦理风险、技术治理难题等挑战。战略科技力量博弈改变大国兴衰的内在规律,一些大国因此更深地陷入美国科技霸权体系,甚至有可能跌落成为次要国家。大国战略科技力量博弈是关乎综合国力、政治制度、科技联盟与创新模式的全方位博弈,竞争制胜需要具备强大的国家综合国力、良好的政策弹性与制度优势、科技“盟友”支持及灵活的科技创新模式。

中国式现代化背景下西部高等教育高质量发展的战略选择

我国西部高等教育高质量发展事关高等教育强国建设和中国式现代化的进程。中国式现代化从方法论和认识论创新的高度启示西部高等教育高质量发展,必须从自身发展的小格局式的“追赶思维”向服务经济社会的大格局的“不可替代思维”转变,走一条以差异化发展、特殊化发展和特色化发展为特征的现代化道路。长期以来,由于受区域社会经济发展水平的制约和高等教育布局的影响,东中西部高校在一流学科建设、国家级平台搭建和高层次人才引育方面的“长板”要素之间差距不是在缩小,而是在进一步拉大。西部高校原本的“长板”要素处于明显弱势地位,“长板”变成了相对意义的“短板”。面对西部高等教育在学科建设与转型发展、科技创新平台供给结构、高层次创新人才引育秩序等方面的多重问题,破解西部高等教育高质量发展困境,亟待通过补齐短板树立发展信心,一体化构建推动西部高等教育整体崛起的“一体两翼”。深入推进新一轮西部高校“一流学科”建设,以分类发展支持学科建设,以特色发展提升学科质量,以集群发展提升服务能力,加强学科建设的顶层谋划、交叉融合、结构优化和社会职能,重构学科创新集群发展的新生态体系;通过顶层设计与底层联结形成具有系统化和整体性的“点、群、域”合纵连横的科技创新平台,构筑西部高等教育高质量发展的战略基石,形成“合纵连横”的战略平台新格局;注重“外引”和“内培”人才相结合,激发西部高等学校吸引人才的“聚集力”,激活西部高校人才驱动创新的“能动力”,为构建西部高等教育新发展格局提供人才支撑,造就一流自立自强人才方阵。