Effects of desert plant communities on soil enzyme activities and soil organic carbon in the proluvial fan in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountain in Ningxia,China

It is of great significance to study the effects of desert plants on soil enzyme activities and soil organic carbon(SOC)for maintaining the stability of the desert ecosystem.In this study,we studied the responses of soil enzyme activities and SOC fractions(particulate organic carbon(POC)and mineral-associated organic carbon(MAOC))to five typical desert plant communities(Convolvulus tragacanthoides,Ephedra rhytidosperma,Stipa breviflora,Stipa tianschanica var.gobica,and Salsola laricifolia communities)in the proluvial fan in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountain in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China.We recorded the plant community information mainly including the plant coverage and herb and shrub species,and obtained the aboveground biomass and plant species diversity through sample surveys in late July 2023.Soil samples were also collected at depths of 0–10 cm(topsoil)and 10–20 cm(subsoil)to determine the soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities.The results showed that the plant coverage and aboveground biomass of S.laricifolia community were significantly higher than those of C.tragacanthoides,S.breviflora,and S.tianschanica var.gobica communities(P<0.05).Soil enzyme activities varied among different plant communities.In the topsoil,the enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)andβ-1,4-glucosidas(βG)were significantly higher in E.rhytidosperma and S.tianschanica var.gobica communities than in other plant communities(P<0.05).The topsoil had higher POC and MAOC contents than the subsoil.Specifically,the content of POC in the topsoil was 18.17%–42.73%higher than that in the subsoil.The structural equation model(SEM)indicated that plant species diversity,soil pH,and soil water content(SWC)were the main factors influencing POC and MAOC.The soil pH inhibited the formation of POC and promoted the formation of MAOC.Conversely,SWC stimulated POC production and hindered MAOC formation.Our study aimed to gain insight into the effects of desert plant communities on soil enzyme activities and SOC fractions,as well as the drivers of SOC fractions in the proluvial fan in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountain and other desert ecosystems.

Study on the Edge Effect of Orthopteran Community in Ningxia Helan Mountain

[Objective] The study aimed to discuss the influences of edge effect on orthopteran community in east slope of Helan Mountain.[Method] Samples are collected by using sample zone method.The different species of orthopterans in different habitats are recorded.[Result] The percentage of Oedipodidae,Catantopidae and Pamphgidae in total are 42.65%,29.15% and 12.76% respectively.From scattered grassland interior to edge and then to desert grassland,abundance increase in turn,but diversity in the edge is the highe...

January to August temperature variability since 1776 inferred from tree-ring width of Pinus tabulaeformis in Helan Mountain

Tree-ring standardized chronologies are developed by 78 cores collected from the eastern and western Helan Mountain. Statistical analysis shows that both the STD and RES chronologies correlate negatively with the temperature of different periods of early half year, especially with January to August mean （JA） temperature, which means that JA temperature is one of the predominant limiting factors of tree growth in the Helan Mountain. Based on this analysis, we reconstructed JA temperature, and the explained variance is 43.3% （F=21.422, p〈0.001 ）. The comparatively high temperature periods in the reconstruction were： 1805-1818 1828-1857, 1899-1907, 1919-1931 and 1968-1995; and the comparatively low temperatu re periods happened in 1858-1872, 1883-1895 and 1935-1953. Ten-year moving average curve shows three slow uplifting trends： 1766-1853, 1862-1931 and 1944-1995. Each temperature increase was followed by a sudden temperature decrease about 10 years, that is to say, the JA temperature in the Helan Mountain is characterized by slow increase and sudden decrease. The 70- and 10.77-year periodicities detected in the temperature series correspond to the Gleissberg （80-year） and Schwabe （11-year） periodicities of solar activity respectively, the 2.11-2.62 years cycles are considered to be influenced by QBO （Quasi-Biennial-Oscillation） and the local environmental change.

Tourism resource assessment and spatial analysis of wine tourism development： a case study of the eastern foothills of China＇s Helan Mountains

The reasonable development and utilization of mountainous regions closely relates to local economic development and ecological security. The wine production region in the eastern foothills of the Helan Mountains in Ningxia, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, with its excellent terroir, is emerging as one of China's three major geographical attractions. Based on surveys of tourism resources and spatial analysis for this wine producing region, we propose a highly representative and practicable path for wine tourism development. Based on China's national standard in Classification, Investigation and Evaluation of Tourism Resources(GB/T 18972-2003), which recommended the types and grades of tourism resources in one area, we conduct an analysis of resource characteristics and the current state of development. Using Arc GIS software, spatialautocorrelation analysis, average nearest neighbor analysis, as well as clustering and outlier analysis, we are able to derive the spatial distribution characteristics of tourism resources. Our survey showed that tourism resources in this area are relatively abundant and have good quality and clear combination advantages. Nonetheless, there are resources shortage for wine tourism and poor integration of wine production with the tourism industry. Regarding the spatial distribution of resources, we revealed the current states of and issues surrounding regions with concentrated resources, as well as characteristics of this clustering. Finally, we proposed a development path for wine tourism in this region based on the five dimensions of management mode, industrial path, product development, spatial optimization, and market development.

Omni-Directional Distribution Patterns of Montane Coniferous Forest in the Helan Mountains of China

Slope aspect has significant effect on the development and distribution of montane forest, especially in arid and semiarid regions. This paper, using SPOT5 images and 1：5o,ooo DEM, digitally extracts and analyzes the spatial information of montane coniferous forest （mainly Qinghai spruce）, and thereby explores how the upper and lower limits and the altitudinal range of coniferous forest vary and how the area of coniferous forest is related with annual insolation with all aspects in the Helan Mountains. The results show that： 1） In the eastern flank, the lower limit of coniferous forest is between 1,6oo m and a,ooo m a.s.l., and the upper limit between 2,800 m and 3,ooo m a.s.1.; in the western flank, the lower limit of coniferous forest is between a,ooo m and 2,300 m a.s.l., and the upper limit between 9,80o m and 3,1oo m a.s.1.2） The altitudinal ranges of coniferous forest are 8o6-1,435 m, 438-1,14o m for eastern flank and western flank, respectively. 3） The area of coniferous forest takes on a normal distribution with aspect, and it has a close relationship with annual insolation. This distribution model developed in this paper quantitatively reveals the significant effect of slope aspect on the distribution of coniferous forest in arid and semi-arid land.

Classification and distribution of Comastoma (Gentianaceae) in Helan Mountains in China by floristic, ecological and geographical approaches

Four species of the Comastoma genus （Geianaceae） in Helan Mountains between Inner Mongolia and Ningxia Province in China have been recognized by morphological and geographical taxonomy. These four species are C. falcatum （Turcz.） Toyokuni, C. polycladum （Diels et Gilg） T. N. Ho, C. tenellum （Rottb.） Toyokuni and C. acutum （Michx.） Y. Z. Zhao et X. Zhang. Among them, C. tenellum （Rottb.） is a new recorded species and C. acutum （Michx.） Y. Z. Zhao et X. Zhang is a new combination. The floristic, ecological and geographical distribution of each species was analyzed and then a new key of Comastoma in Helan Mountains and the distribution maps have been generated, which will provide a reference for the revision of this genus and the analysis of the .flora in Helan Mountains. Key words Comastoma, classification, distribution, Helan Mountains

The Mechanical Characteristics and Damage Model of Helan Mountain Rock based on Acoustic Emission

With the risk of disappearing for the rock paintings considering long-term exposure in Helan Mountain,the freeze-thaw(F-T)cycling experiments were carried out with 12-hour F-T cycling(0,10,20,30,and 40 F-T cycles)under five kinds of confining pressures(5,10,20,30,and 40 MPa).The acoustic emission(AE)detect technology was used to reveal the rock fracturing characteristics during the triaxial compression test whole process.The stress-strain relation changes along with different confining pressures and F-T cycles.Peak stress and residual stress changes along with different confining pressures and damages,and the variation of axial stress-AE ringing counts-time changes along with different confining pressures and F-T cycles.The damage variable with AE parameter under F-T and force coupling was defined for the first time,and the damages model was established.The experimental results show that the F-T cycles lead to the decrease of rock strength and the gradual transformation of compression failure mode from brittleness to plasticity.The confining pressure provides a certain ability to resist deformation and inhibit crack growth for rock samples after F-T cycles.The temporal and spatial evolution law of AE counts well corresponds to the loading and failure process of the rock samples.The AE 3D positioning technology can accurately capture the development position and direction of internal cracks and pores of rock,and the failure form is conical shear failure.The established damage model has a better fittingness between the theoretical calculation results and the test results,and is reasonable to be used in the future for protection of Helan Mountain rock painting.

Circulations and Thermodynamic Characteristics of Different Patterns of Rainstorm Processes in the Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain

Based on the observational hourly precipitation data and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)Reanalysis 5(ERA5)products from 2006 to 2020,22 rainstorm processes in the eastern foot of Helan Mountain are objectively classified by using the hierarchical clustering method,and the circulation characteristics of different patterns are comparatively analyzed in this study.The results show that the occurrences of rainstorm processes in the eastern foot of Helan Mountain are most closely related to three circulation patterns.PatternsⅠandⅢmainly occur in July and August,with similar zonal circulations in synoptic backgrounds.Specifically,the South Asia high and the western Pacific subtropical high are stronger and more northward than those in normal years.The frontal systems in westerlies are inactive,while the water vapor from the ocean surface in the south is mainly transported to the rainstorm area by the southerly jet stream at 700 h Pa.The dynamic lifting anomalies are relatively weak,the instability of atmospheric stratification is anomalously strong,and thus the localized severe convective rainstorm is more significant.Comparatively,rainstorm processes of patternⅠare accompanied by stronger and deeper ascending motions,and the warm-sector rainstorm is more extreme.PatternⅢshows a stronger and deeper convective instability,accompanied by larger low-level moisture.Rainstorm processes of patternⅡmainly occur in early summer and early autumn,presenting a meridional circulation pattern of high in the east and low in the west in terms of geopotential height.Moreover,the two low-level jets transporting the water vapor northward from the ocean on the east of China encounter with the frontal systems in westerlies,which makes the ascending motion in patternⅡanomalously strong and deep.The relatively weak instability of atmospheric stratification causes weak convection and long-lasting precipitation formed by the confluence of cold air and warm air.This study may help improve rainstorm forecasting in arid regions.

Terroir Suitability Zoning for the Six Prevailing Wine Grape Varieties in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(with a Focus on the Helan Mountain East) of China

Terroir plays an important role in wine grape production and good wine making.Among all the aspects of terroir in a given region,climate,soil and variety are the most important ones.The goal of this study was to evaluate these three aspects of terroir in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China,with a focus on the Helan Mountain East.Based on historical weather data during the period 1981 to 2016 from 22 meteorological stations in the research area,the climatic indices were derived,with which the growable zone for wine grape cultivation in the research area was identified.By synthesizing the climatic indices and soil type data,stepwise and optimization methods were used to divide the growable zone into optimal,suitable,near-suitable and unsuitable zones for the six prevailing wine grape varieties.In the analysis,the six prevailing wine grape varieties include two white wine grape varieties of“Chardonnay”and“Riesling”and four red wine grape varieties of“Cabernet Sauvignon”,“Merlot”,“Pinot Noir”and“Grenache Noir”.With the Geographic Information System(ArcGIS)software,the geographical distributions of these terroir suitability zonings were mapped in the research area according to a small grid simulation model.The results showed that the growable zone for wine grapes was mainly focused in most of the northern and central parts of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.This particular zone was suitable for the typical red wine varieties like late-maturing“Grenache Noir”,medium-to-late maturing“Cabernet Sauvignon”,medium-maturing“Merlot”and early-maturing“Pinot Noir”.In particular,the optimal zone for these four red wine varieties was centered in Xixia county of Yinchuan city,Pigeon Hill of Qingtongxia city and Baima Township of Zhongning County.For the two early-to-medium maturing white wine varieties of“Riesling”and“Chardonnay”,the optimal and suitable zones were in the cool area of the central arid zone and the Qingshui River tributary.

贺兰山西坡不同植被类型土壤理化性质和酶活性特征

【目的】探讨贺兰山西坡不同植被类型土壤理化性质对土壤酶活性的影响,为干旱区森林生态系统土壤酶活性变化、养分循环模式和调节机制研究提供参考依据。【方法】以贺兰山西坡土壤为研究对象,按照海拔梯度依次选择荒漠草原(海拔1349 m)、灰榆Ulmus glaucescens林(1905 m)、蒙古扁桃Amygdalus mongolica灌丛(2134 m)、油松Pinus tabuliformis林(2150 m)、青海云杉Picea crassifolia-山杨Populus davidiana混交林(2160 m)、青海云杉林(2635 m)和亚高山草甸(2664 m)等7种典型植被类型。每个植被类型设置3个重复样地,通过野外调查取样与室内分析相结合的方法,对土壤理化性质(含水率、容重、pH、有机碳、铵态氮、全氮、全磷、有效磷)和酶活性(β-葡糖苷酶、纤维二糖水解酶、α-葡糖苷酶、β-木糖苷酶、蔗糖酶、淀粉酶)进行测定,利用方差分析和冗余分析探明不同植被类型土壤酶活性质量分数差异,并分析其影响要素。【结果】0~10和10~20 cm土层土壤含水率、有机碳质量分数随海拔上升整体呈现上升趋势;而土壤容重随海拔上升在0~10与10~20 cm土层整体呈现下降趋势;土壤全磷、全氮、铵态氮和有效磷质量分数以及pH在0~10和10~20 cm土层中随海拔上升无显著变化规律;在不同海拔植被带0~10 cm土层土壤各酶活性高于10~20 cm土层;土壤纤维二糖水解酶与β-葡糖苷酶随海拔升高在0~10 cm土层呈上升趋势,淀粉酶活性随海拔升高在0~10 cm土层呈先升高后降低再升高趋势,而α-葡糖苷酶、β-木糖苷酶和蔗糖酶活性在不同植被带不同土层之间均变化幅度较小且差异不显著;在0~10与10~20 cm土层,土壤有机碳、全磷、铵态氮、含水率是土壤酶活性的主要影响因素。【结论】海拔梯度变化引起贺兰山西坡土壤理化性质显著变化,进而调控森林土壤酶活性沿海拔及土层分布的变化,其中土壤有机碳、pH及含水率是土壤酶活性的主要影响因素,能较好地解释土壤酶活性的海拔梯度差异。

贺兰山东麓葡萄园不同方位摘叶对赤霞珠果实品质的影响

酿酒葡萄转色后摘叶会改变微气候,从而影响葡萄果实糖、酸、酚类物质等品质因子的积累。以南北行向种植的赤霞珠酿酒葡萄为试验材料,在贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄果园开展葡萄东面摘叶、西面摘叶和东西两面摘叶三种方式摘叶试验,以田间正常叶幕水平为对照,研究不同摘叶方位对成熟期果实品质的影响。结果表明:(1)与对照相比,赤霞珠酿酒葡萄果实转色后进行东面摘叶可使成熟果实中可溶性固形物、葡萄糖、果糖、总酸、糖酸比、苹果酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸和单宁含量不同程度增加,其中果糖、柠檬酸和酒石酸含量增加显著;果实还原糖、总酚、花青素含量比对照减少,但差异不显著。(2)西面摘叶处理下成熟葡萄果实可溶性固形物、还原糖、总酚和花青素含量略下降,果糖、苹果酸、柠檬酸和单宁显著上升,葡萄糖和酒石酸含量略上升。(3)双面摘叶葡萄果实的单宁含量显著增加,葡萄糖、果糖、柠檬酸和酒石酸含量略增加,可溶性固形物、还原糖、总酸、苹果酸、总酚和花青素含量都比对照要低。综合分析认为,摘叶后葡萄果实糖的含量整体呈不显著增加,但东面摘叶处理葡萄果实中酸含量均提高、单宁含量增加,总酚和花青素虽然略有减少,减少幅度相对最小。针对目前贺兰山东麓葡萄酒产区糖高酸低现状,建议在贺兰山东麓南北行向种植的葡萄园,采用东面摘叶为主的叶幕管理模式进行果实品质因子调控,从而达到平衡葡萄果实整体风味物质的作用。

明清贺兰山主题诗词的书写维度及价值探论

明清时期是贺兰山主题诗词发展的重要阶段,在政治环境、文教事业等地缘因素的共同构建下,诗词作品中的贺兰山突破以往单一的政治地缘形象而呈现出丰富多元的书写维度。一是地理空间维度,以山峦景致咏江山之胜,以贺兰晴雪为代表的景致呈现出书写群体对边地宁夏从疏离到欣赏的情感转向。二是文化空间维度,以塔林佛寺文庙反映儒释道三教相交融的文化氛围。三是心理空间维度,以历史遗迹抒怀古思今之情。明清贺兰山主题诗词的重要研究价值在于贺兰山文学景观的审美形象和文化内涵的变迁过程就是其逐渐与中原文化不断建立联结关系的过程,也见证了中华民族多元一体格局的演进轨迹。

贺兰山西坡不同海拔梯度土壤氨基糖积累特征

为探明旱区山地不同海拔梯度土壤氨基糖积累特征,明确氨基糖对土壤有机碳库的贡献以及影响因素。以2021年8月在贺兰山西坡不同海拔(1848—2940 m)采集的土壤为研究对象,分析土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构、氨基糖含量、氨基糖对土壤有机碳贡献变化特征以及引起该变化的驱动因素。结果表明:沿海拔梯度上升,土壤理化性质表现出显著差异,土壤含水率、有机碳、全氮表现为升高趋势,pH和容重表现为降低趋势,全磷无明显变化规律。沿海拔梯度上升,土壤真菌、细菌、放线菌以及丛枝菌根真菌磷脂脂肪酸(Phospholipid fatty acids, PLFAs)含量表现为先增加后减少的趋势,在中海拔区域(2110—2360 m)微生物PLFAs含量更高。沿海拔梯度上升,总氨基糖含量和氨基糖单体(氨基葡萄糖、氨基半乳糖、胞壁酸和氨基甘露糖)分别表现为持续增加和先减少后增加的变化趋势,并且总氨基糖和氨基糖单体含量均在最高海拔达到峰值,中海拔区域真菌和细菌残体碳对土壤有机碳的贡献率均小于高海拔(2707—2940 m)和低海拔(1848—1910 m),且在不同海拔梯度上真菌残体碳对土壤有机碳贡献率占据主导地位。方差分解结果显示,土壤理化性质和微生物PLFAs含量共同解释了土壤氨基糖含量及对有机碳贡献率的55.2%,其中土壤理化性质解释变异的52.9%,微生物PLFAs含量解释变异的26.9%,冗余分析同步验证土壤理化性质是影响氨基糖及氨基糖对土壤有机碳贡献率的主要因素。本研究结果揭示了贺兰山西坡微生物驱动土壤有机碳存储与转化机制,可为进一步研究旱区山地微生物残体对土壤有机碳的贡献提供理论依据。

贺兰山东麓有机酿酒葡萄产业发展现状、存在问题及建议

贺兰山东麓具有生产有机酿酒葡萄得天独厚的土壤、气候、光热等资源,发展高质量葡萄酒产业前景广阔。基于此,分析了贺兰山东麓有机酿酒葡萄产业发展现状及存在的问题,同时提出了推动产业发展的对策及建议。

盐碱胁迫对‘赤霞珠’葡萄幼苗生长及相关生理指标的影响

【目的】了解不同盐分配比和不同浓度梯度复合盐碱胁迫对‘赤霞珠’葡萄(Vitis vinfera‘Cabernet Sauvignon’)幼苗生长和抗逆生理指标的影响,确认其耐盐碱性范围及耐盐碱能力。【方法】以1年生‘赤霞珠’自根苗为试材,用NaCl、Na_(2)SO_(4)、NaHCO_(3)、Na_(2)CO_(3)按不同比例混合配制中性盐、弱碱性盐、强碱性盐3组复合盐溶液,每组各设置50,100,150 mmol/L 3个浓度梯度,以不做处理的溶液作为对照,于幼苗生长期间进行定期浇灌处理,通过室内盆栽试验模拟不同类型、不同程度盐碱胁迫,在处理后不同时期测定幼苗生长形态、生理及光合指标。【结果】(1)‘赤霞珠’幼苗茎粗和叶面积随盐碱胁迫浓度增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势,而株高基本呈现下降趋势。幼苗株高在强碱性盐组150 mmol/L胁迫处理10 d和40 d时都较同期中性、弱碱性组相应浓度显著降低。(2)随着盐碱浓度的增大,‘赤霞珠’幼苗叶片的SOD活性及MDA含量呈先增大后减小的趋势,而POD活性呈现缓慢增加的趋势;强碱性盐组叶片POD活性在胁迫处理30~50 d时均高于相应浓度的中性、弱碱性盐组,但到处理60 d后逐渐低于相应浓度其他两处理组,并以150 mmol/L浓度表现得更明显。(3)‘赤霞珠’幼苗叶片胞间CO_(2)浓度、净光合速率、蒸腾速率随着盐碱浓度的增加主要呈下降趋势,其胞间CO_(2)浓度和净光合速率均为50 mmol/L浓度处理时较高;在同期相同盐碱浓度处理下,叶片净光合速率在强碱性盐150 mmol/L胁迫处理75 d时显著低于中性、弱碱性处理组。【结论】‘赤霞珠’幼苗株高、叶面积、胞间CO_(2)浓度、净光合速率、蒸腾速率在50 mmol/L浓度处理下均呈现较好的增长趋势,而其株高及茎粗在150 mmol/L强碱性盐胁迫处理下增长不明显;一定范围内低浓度(50 mmol/L)盐碱胁迫有利于‘赤霞珠’葡萄幼苗生长。

贺兰山东麓产区地块间‘赤霞珠’和‘马瑟兰’葡萄酒香气差异分析

为探究宁夏贺兰山东麓产区不同风土条件对葡萄酒香气的影响,该研究以宁夏贺兰山东麓产区五个地块银川(XX1和XX2)、永宁(YN1)、青铜峡(QTX1和QTX2)的‘赤霞珠’和‘马瑟兰’干红葡萄酒为材料,利用定量描述性分析和气质联用技术(GC-MS)分别分析其香气感官轮廓和挥发性组分的差异,并分析挥发性组分和风土条件的相关性。结果表明,五个地块的‘赤霞珠’和‘马瑟兰’干红葡萄酒中挥发性组分轮廓差异主要由呋喃类、内酯类和挥发性酚类物质造成,这三类物质在QTX1和QTX2葡萄酒中含量丰富,这与QTX产区两个地块较高的温度和较强的光照有关。此外,QTX1的‘马瑟兰’中甲氧基吡嗪类物质含量最高,导致葡萄酒中青椒味/生青味的强度最高。感官分析结果表明,YN1的‘赤霞珠’和‘马瑟兰’均在黑色浆果香上表现突出,QTX2的‘赤霞珠’和‘马瑟兰’均在红色浆果香上表现突出,而XX1的‘赤霞珠’和‘马瑟兰’葡萄酒的红色浆果、新鲜水果和花香强度显著低于其他地块,而香料味突出,说明相同地块能在一定程度上赋予‘赤霞珠’和‘马瑟兰’葡萄酒相似的香气特征。

喷施EDTA-Mn对‘马瑟兰’葡萄光合特性及品质的影响

以4年生‘马瑟兰’葡萄为研究对象,在常规施肥的基础上,叶面喷施螯合态锰(EDTA-Mn),采用单因素多水平随机区组试验设计,设置4个喷施水平:依次为2.25、4.50、6.75、9.00 kg·hm^(-2)EDTA-Mn,分别用H1、H2、H3、H4表示,以喷施清水为对照(CK),探讨叶面喷施不同浓度EDTA-Mn对贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄光合特性、产量与品质的影响。结果表明,喷施EDTA-Mn可以提高‘马瑟兰’葡萄叶片的叶绿素含量,H3处理最高,较CK显著提高16.71%;H2处理叶片的气孔导度和蒸腾速率最高,较CK分别提高30.36%和30.28%;所有处理的胞间CO_(2)浓度显著低于CK;H2处理的穗长、横径、百粒质量、单宁和花色苷含量均最高,较CK分别提高14.35%、11.79%、8.25%、4.73%和10.31%;H3处理的总酚含量最高,较CK显著提高42.14%;产量由高到低依次为H2>H3>H1>CK>H4,其中H2处理较CK显著提高24.11%。综合分析,在贺兰山东麓产区通过叶面喷施EDTA-Mn能有效促进‘马瑟兰’葡萄叶片的光合特性,提高葡萄的产量,改善浆果品质,其中最佳叶面喷施量为4.5 kg·hm^(-2)。

宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄全产业链研究进展

宁夏贺兰山东麓是业界公认的世界上最适合种植酿酒葡萄和生产高端葡萄酒的“黄金产区”。系统归纳了贺兰山东麓葡萄全产业链研究进展,包括栽培技术、灌溉技术、土肥管理、病虫害防治、冻害防治、气象研究、品种选育、葡萄酒特征分析、生态保护和旅游资源开发10个方面,针对现阶段发展存在的问题,提出应对策略,为推进贺兰山东麓葡萄产业高质量发展提供理论依据。

基于叶片功能性状的贺兰山西坡植物生态策略分析

植物叶片功能性状能够反映其对不同环境的适应策略,对不同环境梯度产生适应性改变。以贺兰山西坡沿海拔分布的4种植被类型(荒漠草原、浅山灌丛、亚高山针叶林、亚高山灌丛草甸)优势植物为对象,在物种-群落水平,基于叶片功能特征CSR(竞争-耐胁迫-杂草型植物)生态策略模型,通过叶片比叶面积(SLA)、叶干物质含量(LDMC)、单位面积碳(LC)、氮(LN)、磷(LP)含量的比较,探究4种植被类型优势植物S-R(耐胁迫-杂草)轴的经济性状权衡策略及该区优势种的生态策略组成;并且研究环境因素对CSR生态策略的作用机理,确定能够影响植物CSR生态策略的主要环境因子。结果显示,1)在物种水平,贺兰山西坡46种优势植物生态策略可分为5类,其中R(杂草型)和SR(耐胁迫-杂草型)策略为主导策略,所占比例分别为52.1%和23.9%。2)在群落水平,贺兰山西坡30个样地生态策略划分为5类,主导策略为R(杂草型策略),占比39.2%。3)S策略与比叶面积显著性负相关关系;R策略与全磷、全碳、叶干物质含量显著性负相关关系,和比叶面积显著性正相关关系。4)海拔、年均温、年均降雨量、太阳辐射、水蒸气压对C策略有显著影响,随海拔上升C策略降低。土壤全磷与S策略正相关,与R策略负相关。该研究表明植物能够改变功能性状(如比叶面积、叶片碳、氮、磷含量),改变资源获得能力和物质分配,应对不同环境,从而形成不同的生态策略。