AN EVALUATION APPROACH FOR THE PROGRAM OF ASSOCIATION RULES ALGORITHM BASED ON METAMORPHIC RELATIONS

As data mining more and more popular applied in computer system,the quality as-surance test of its software would be get more and more attention.However,because of the ex-istence of the 'oracle' problem,the traditional test method is not ease fit for the application program in the field of the data mining.In this paper,based on metamorphic testing,a software testing method is proposed in the field of the data mining,makes an association rules algorithm as the specific case,and constructs the metamorphic relation on the algorithm.Experiences show that the method can achieve the testing target and is feasible to apply to other domain.

Rule acquisition of three-way semi-concept lattices in formal decision context

Three-way concept analysis is an important tool for information processing,and rule acquisition is one of the research hotspots of three-way concept analysis.However,compared with three-way concept lattices,three-way semi-concept lattices have three-way operators with weaker constraints,which can generate more concepts.In this article,the problem of rule acquisition for three-way semi-concept lattices is discussed in general.The authors construct the finer relation of three-way semi-concept lattices,and propose a method of rule acquisition for three-way semi-concept lattices.The authors also discuss the set of decision rules and the relationships of decision rules among object-induced three-way semi-concept lattices,object-induced three-way concept lattices,classical concept lattices and semi-concept lattices.Finally,examples are provided to illustrate the validity of our conclusions.

New dispatching rule in furniture production scheduling for reducing weather impacts

In order to reduce the possibility that quality problems occur resulting from “ bad ” weather, a new dispatching rule is designed for the job sequencing problem in the machine shop of a wood furniture factory. First, two indices including risky duration and risk magnitude are established to characterize the weather conditions. Based on these two indices, the job suitability under the future air state is derived by the fuzzy decision method, and integrated with atraditional heuristic to compute the dispatching priority of each job. Then, a new measure matching degree is constructed to evaluate the effectiveness of the dispatching rule. The greater the matching degree, the smaller the possibility that the quality problems of wood products occur. Finally, simulation experiments show that the dispatching rule can greatly increase the matching degree while maintaining low weighted tardiness.

Efficiency of the Adaptive Cluster Sampling Designs in Estimation of Rare Populations

Adaptive cluster sampling (ACS) has been a very important tool in estimation of population parameters of rare and clustered population. The fundamental idea behind this sampling plan is to decide on an initial sample from a defined population and to keep on sampling within the vicinity of the units that satisfy the condition that at least one characteristic of interest exists in a unit selected in the initial sample. Despite being an important tool for sampling rare and clustered population, adaptive cluster sampling design is unable to control the final sample size when no prior knowledge of the population is available. Thus adaptive cluster sampling with data-driven stopping rule (ACS’) was proposed to control the final sample size when prior knowledge of population structure is not available. This study examined the behavior of the HT, and HH estimator under the ACS design and ACS’ design using artificial population that is designed to have all the characteristics of a rare and clustered population. The efficiencies of the HT and HH estimator were used to determine the most efficient design in estimation of population mean in rare and clustered population. Results of both the simulated data and the real data show that the adaptive cluster sampling with stopping rule is more efficient for estimation of rare and clustered population than ordinary adaptive cluster sampling.

Image Mathematics—Mathematical Intervening Principle Based on “Yin Yang Wu Xing” Theory in Traditional Chinese Mathematics (I)

By using mathematical reasoning, this paper demonstrates the mathematical intervening principle: “Virtual disease is to fill his mother but real disease is to rush down his son” (虚则补其母, 实则泄其子) and “Strong inhibition of the same time, support the weak” (抑强扶弱) based on “Yin Yang Wu Xing” Theory in image mathematics of Traditional Chinese Mathematics (TCMath). We defined generalized relations and generalized reasoning, introduced the concept of steady multilateral systems with two non-compatibility relations, and discussed its energy properties. Later based on the intervention principle in image mathematics of TCMath and treated the research object of the image mathematics as a steady multilateral system, it has been proved that the mathematical intervening principle is true. The kernel of this paper is the existence and reasoning of the non-compatibility relations in steady multilateral systems, and it accords with the oriental thinking model.

Approach to stochastic multi-attribute decision problems using rough sets theory

Multi-attribute decision problems where the performances of the alternatives are random variables are considered. The suggested approach grades the probabilities of preference of one alternative over another with respect to the same attribute. Based on the graded probabilistic dominance relation, the pairwise comparison information table is defined. The global preferences of the decision maker can be seen as a rough binary relation. The present paper proposes to approximate this preference relation by means of the graded probabilistic dominance relation with respect to the subsets of attributes. At last, the method is illustrated by an example.

Gly-LysPred: Identification of Lysine Glycation Sites in Protein Using Position Relative Features and Statistical Moments via Chou’s 5 Step Rule

Glycation is a non-enzymatic post-translational modification which assigns sugar molecule and residues to a peptide.It is a clinically important attribute to numerous age-related,metabolic,and chronic diseases such as diabetes,Alzheimer’s,renal failure,etc.Identification of a non-enzymatic reaction are quite challenging in research.Manual identification in labs is a very costly and timeconsuming process.In this research,we developed an accurate,valid,and a robust model named as Gly-LysPred to differentiate the glycated sites from non-glycated sites.Comprehensive techniques using position relative features are used for feature extraction.An algorithm named as a random forest with some preprocessing techniques and feature engineering techniques was developed to train a computational model.Various types of testing techniques such as self-consistency testing,jackknife testing,and cross-validation testing are used to evaluate the model.The overall model’s accuracy was accomplished through self-consistency,jackknife,and cross-validation testing 100%,99.92%,and 99.88%with MCC 1.00,0.99,and 0.997 respectively.In this regard,a user-friendly webserver is also urbanized to accumulate the whole procedure.These features vectorization methods suggest that they can play a critical role in other web servers which are developed to classify lysine glycation.

Effective Diagnosis of Lung Cancer via Various Data-Mining Techniques

One of the leading cancers for both genders worldwide is lung cancer.The occurrence of lung cancer has fully augmented since the early 19th century.In this manuscript,we have discussed various data mining techniques that have been employed for cancer diagnosis.Exposure to air pollution has been related to various adverse health effects.This work is subject to analysis of various air pollutants and associated health hazards and intends to evaluate the impact of air pollution caused by lung cancer.We have introduced data mining in lung cancer to air pollution,and our approach includes preprocessing,data mining,testing and evaluation,and knowledge discovery.Initially,we will eradicate the noise and irrelevant data,and following that,we will join the multiple informed sources into a common source.From that source,we will designate the information relevant to our investigation to be regained from that assortment.Following that,we will convert the designated data into a suitable mining process.The patterns are abstracted by utilizing a relational suggestion rule mining process.These patterns have revealed information,and this information is categorized with the help of an Auto Associative Neural Network classification method(AANN).The proposed method is compared with the existing method in various factors.In conclusion,the projected Auto associative neural network and relational suggestion rule mining methods accomplish a high accuracy status.

习近平法治思想指导下国内法治与涉外法治的统筹推进——基于中国式现代化法治国家的构建视角

作为新时代习近平法治思想的重要组成部分,统筹推进国内法治与涉外法治是在准确把握国际国内两个大局的基础上,又立足法治中国建设的实践进程和面临的风险挑战,为更好地维护国家主权、安全和发展而提出的,对中国式现代化法治国家构建有着积极作用。既符合时代发展逻辑,更能加快法治中国建设步伐,有助于国际法治朝着良性轨道发展,是内蕴开放性、包容性和多元性理念的关键选择。统筹推进国内法治与涉外法治,应当在习近平法治思想指导下,以党的二十大精神为指引,以构建中国式现代化法治国家为出发点和落脚点,以厘清国内法治与涉外法治间的相互关系为基本逻辑,以明晰与完善国内国际双重法律规制为具体实践路径。不仅要重点解决国内法治与国际法治的良性对接问题,完善国内法律体系以应对国际法治变革,更要认真审视国际法律规范在我国域内的适用,积极推动国际法规则的发展演进。

新时代中国国际法学科体系的构造

构造新时代中国国际法学科体系,既是为了进一步落实习近平有关学科建设的指示精神,也是为了改变国际法在整个法学体系中的地位与中国世界大国的地位不相称的状况,以及弥补我国涉外法治人才严重短缺的短板。中国国际法学科体系的构造,需要进一步厘清涉外法、涉外法治、对外关系法、国内法与国际法的关系,以及涉外法学、国际法与法学一级学科的关系。在中国国际法学科体系构造的过程中,最为重要的是构建国际法学一级学科专业。未来中国国际法学发展的任务主要包括:弘扬国际法治理念、为人类命运共同体的构建提供法治保障,传播中国国际法观、提升中国国际法理念的国际影响力,提高运用国际法的能力以及补齐涉外法治的短板等。涉外法治人才培养和推动国际法研究的理论创新,则成为今后中国国际法学者的应然使命。未来中国国际法学的发展方向涉及架设国际法与国内法沟通的桥梁、谨慎使用“涉外法学”名称,以及在国际法教育与研究中凸显中国的国际法理论与实践等。

论新质生产力基础上的“新质民主”与“新质法治”的辩证统一

从分析“新质生产力”的性质、内涵、特征、构成要素及意义出发,运用马克思主义立场、观点和方法,坚持习近平法治思想为指导,可以明确提出“新质生产力”的出现和发展可能引起“新质生产关系”的形成,继而通过“新质经济基础”推动上层建筑朝着“新质上层建筑”转变的重大法理判断。“新质生产力”所引发的社会变革是客观规律,民主与法治作为上层建筑的重要组成部分,也会随着“新质生产力”的不断发展而日益呈现“新质民主”与“新质法治”的特征。“全过程人民民主”是“新质民主”的重要标志,而数字法治、涉外法治构成了“新质法治”的核心要素。法学界要及早规划、超前研究,对“新质生产力”发展可能引发的包含了民主与法治等要素在内的上层建筑可能发生的深远影响,从法理上进行深入分析并拿出切实可行的应对方案。

论涉外法治关系的法理结构及实践意义

本文从一个全新的法理视角来阐释从党的十八届四中全会《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》(以下简称《决定》)提出的“加强涉外法律工作”到党的十九届四中全会《中共中央关于坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化若干重大问题的决定》(以下简称《决定》)确定的“加强涉外法治工作”政策术语演变背后的法理依据,并对作为习近平法治思想核心要义之一的“坚持统筹国内法治和涉外法治”的法理内涵进行了创新意义上的解读,其基本分析方法就是打破了传统法理学使用的法律关系概念的逻辑界限,用法理内涵和外延更加丰富的法治关系的概念来分析“统筹”国内法治和涉外法治关系中的各种法律问题,主张应当把制定法规则与法律秩序效果有机结合起来综合性地判断一个主权国家的法治状态,不能仅仅将研究视野停留在制定法规则占优势的传统法理上。本文在分析法治关系概念的建构功能时指出,在涉外法治关系体系中,法治关系的构成要素至少应当分为九个方面,包括法律规则要素、法律关系主体要素、法律关系客体要素、法律关系内容要素(主要是权利义务关系)、法律关系时空要素、法律关系手段要素、法律关系目的要素、法律关系效力要素和法律关系秩序要素。上述九个方面的法治关系构成要素只要其中一个类型的要素中包含“涉外”因素,那么,这种法治关系就具有了“涉外法治关系”的特性,就必须从整体上来协调法律关系中的法律规则与法律秩序之间的价值要求,统筹基于传统法律关系理论形成的“国内法治”与根据法治关系理论产生的“涉外法治”,以具有实效性的“法治”价值来保证涉外法律工作的制度化、规范化,不断提高涉外工作法治化水平。

加强涉外法治体系建设的顶层擘画——论学习贯彻习近平总书记重要讲话精神

习近平总书记在中央政治局第十次集体学习时就加强涉外法治建设所作系列重要论述,是马克思主义法治理论中国化的最新成果。“长远所需”和“当务之急”,凸显了新形势下加强涉外法治建设的重要性和紧迫性。中国涉外法治建设成就巨大、来之不易,但仍存在不少短板弱项,亟待弥补。我国海外利益全方位多层次高速度拓展,外部法律风险与挑战前所未有,干涉与反干涉、制裁与反制裁外交斗争激烈,客观上要求强化法治思维,善用法治方式,“以法斗法”“以法制法”,丰富外交斗争法律“工具箱”,一体推进涉外立法、执法、司法、守法和法律服务,形成涉外法治工作大协同格局。必须坚持统筹推进国内法治和涉外法治,不断完善涉外法治体系和能力建设,为中国式现代化行稳致远营造有利法治条件和外部环境。

论涉外法治话语的界面研究

涉外法治话语,即由有关涉外法治思维、涉外法治理论、涉外法治实践等涉外法治要素系统构建的法治表达,其理论研究、人才培养与实践推进皆需要科学的方法支撑。界面研究是一种跨越学科或者某学科内部分支界限,并在其间形成良性互动与融合的研究方法。涉外法治话语的界面研究坚持问题导向,并且借鉴不同学科或层面的智识资源,采取多元与立体的视角、方法、工具等,致力于解决涉外法治话语理论与实践的种种问题。应当运用界面研究方法,对涉外法治话语展开深入研究,以助力我国法治建设与涉外法治话语权的提升。

新时代涉外法治人才全球胜任力教育的研究生课程体系改进

当前我国涉外法治人才培养功效不显、作用不彰的问题表明现行涉外法治人才的教育以及课程体系存在不足,未能把符合多元国际社会需要的全球胜任力涵盖其中。作为既能胜任竞争也可胜任合作的多维度能力,全球胜任力具有重要的时代价值,是我国涉外法治人才必须具备的能力,因而是我国新时代法学教育需要增强的领域。目前涉外法治人才培养的研究生课程体系普遍注重的是国际规则的知识与技能传授,却不够重视国际视野的提升,未能把全球胜任力有效地涵盖进去。在研究生课程体系的改进上,应当对“强化模块课程”加以调整,增加蕴含全球胜任力内涵的世界法律文化、比较法、可持续发展、人类命运共同体等专题课程,并将“素质提升课程模块”的讲座模式调整为相对固定的“讲座教授+”模式,注重涉外法治人才视野与价值观的提升。

论中国涉外法治体系的构建

涉外法治体系是中国特色社会主义法治体系的重要组成部分。涉外法治作为国内法治和国际法治的桥梁与纽带,其立足于法治中国建设的具体实践,更关系到国际法治的稳定与发展。涉外法治体系涵摄完备的涉外法律法规体系、高效的涉外法治实施体系、健全的涉外法律服务体系和开放的涉外法治融通体系,体现涉外法治工作涉及面广、联动性强的基本特征。构建涉外法治体系更需有效的保障机制,加强专业化人才培养体系建设和构建以国际法为支撑的自主知识和话语体系,是构建并完善涉外法治体系的关键所在。

以涉外法律服务优化法治化营商环境:方向与路径

涉外法律服务是涉外法治工作的关键一环。完善涉外法律服务体系,需强化政府提供的涉外公共法律服务,为“请进来”的外国企业和公民提供法治化营商环境。对于“走出去”的中国企业和公民,既要加强中国驻外使领馆的涉外法务工作,为海外中国企业和公民提供优质的公共法律服务,还要鼓励和支持中国自己的律师事务所走出国门,把法律服务延伸到境外或国外的中国企业和公民,从而更好地维护中国的海外利益。与此同时,要以培养高素质的涉外法治人才队伍为依托,不断提升涉外法律服务质量,为日益增长的涉外法律服务需求提供充足有效的涉外法律服务供给,实现涉外法律服务需求与供给之间的有效平衡,实现涉外法律服务效益的最大化。

涉外法治的理论促动

涉外法治不仅仅是立法、执法、司法、守法等实践领域的工作任务,它同样也是学术界的重要课题。良好的涉外法治理论解释有助于将涉外法治工作中的具体要求思考清楚、论述透彻。理论界的高水平总结归纳、分析论证不仅有助于人们对于涉外法治地位与意义充分认知、达成共识,而且有利于吸引更多高水平的人才投身于涉外法治的工作领域,在涉外立法、涉外执法、涉外司法等各个方向提升工作水平,深化涉外法治的服务和遵守情况。提升规划和参与设计施行涉外法治工作的能力,并且改进参与涉外法治的能力,从学术研究的角度积极推进现代化国家建设的进程,实现民族复兴的伟大事业。

更高水平开放需适配高端涉外法治研究和运用人才

为了获得更高水平开放,需要对标高水准国际经贸规则,更高水平开放的重要途径是适应新质生产力的制度型开放。更高水平开放需适配高端涉外法治研究和运用人才,国际法治人才是适配涉外法治的高端人才。高端涉外法治研究和运用靠高端涉外法治人才来实现。我国高端涉外法治研究和运用已经取得一定成就,但也存在不足,主要体现在:学术研究供给与政府运用需求的供求关系有所失衡;学术研究水平与实务运用能力存在一定脱节;学术研究投入与实战效果产出似乎不成比例。可以从以下几个方面提升我国高端涉外法治研究和运用人才能力的培养:定向扶持为政府涉外决策服务的高端涉外法治运用型智库人才;重点扶持为政府提供涉外法律服务的高端涉外法律工作者队伍;设计培养学以致用的涉外法治运用高端人才的课程体系。