Optimum cutting speed of block-cutting machines in natural stones for energy saving

Energy consumption of block-cutting machines represents a major cost item in the processing of travertines and other natural stones. Therefore, determining the optimum sawing conditions for a particular stone is of major importance in the natural stone-processing industry. An experimental study was carried out utilizing a fully instrumented block-cutter to investigate the sawing performances of five different types of travertine blocks during cutting with a circular diamond saw. The sawing tests were performed in the down-cutting mode. Performance measurements were determined by measuring the cutting speed and energy consumption. Then, specific energy was determined. The one main cutting parameter, cutting speed, was varied in the investigation of optimum cutting performance. Furthermore, some physico-mechanical properties of file travertine blocks were determined in the laboratory. As a result, it is found that the energy consumption （specific energy） of block cutting machines is highly affected by cutting speed. It is determined that specific energy value usually decreases when cutting speed increases. When the cutting speed is higher than the determined value, the diamond saw can become stuck in the travertine block; this situation can be a problem for the block-cutting machine. As a result, the optimum cutting speed obtained for the travertine mines examined is approximately 1.5-2.0 m/min.

Energy saving analysis of segment positioning in shield tunneling machine considering assembling path optimization

A motion parameter optimization method based on the objective of minimizing the total energy consumption in segment positioning was proposed for segment erector of shield tunneling machine. The segment positioning process was decomposed into rotation, lifting and sliding actions in deriving the energy calculation model of segment erection. The work of gravity was taken into account in the mathematical modeling of energy consumed by each actuator. In order to investigate the relationship between the work done by the actuator and the path moved along by the segment, the upward and downward directions as well as the operating quadrant of the segment erector were defined. Piecewise nonlinear function of energy was presented, of which the result is determined by closely coupled components as working parameters and some intermediate variables. Finally, the effectiveness of the optimization method was proved by conducting a case study with a segment erector for the tunnel with a diameter of 3 m and drawing comparisons between different assembling paths. The results show that the energy required by assembling a ring of segments along the optimized moving path can be reduced up to 5%. The method proposed in this work definitely provides an effective energy saving solution for shield tunneling machine.

Runtime Energy Savings Based on Machine Learning Models for Multicore Applications

To improve the power consumption of parallel applications at the runtime, modern processors provide frequency scaling and power limiting capabilities. In this work, a runtime strategy is proposed to maximize energy savings under a given performance degradation. Machine learning techniques were utilized to develop performance models which would provide accurate performance prediction with change in operating core-uncore frequency. Experiments, performed on a node (28 cores) of a modern computing platform showed significant energy savings of as much as 26% with performance degradation of as low as 5% under the proposed strategy compared with the execution in the unlimited power case.

Scheduling optimization problem considering time-of-use tariffs and piece-rate machine maintenance in EAF steelmaking

An operating schedule of the parallel electric arc furnaces(EAFs)considering both productivity and energy related criteria is investigated.A mathematical model is established to minimize the total completion time and the total electricity cost.This problem is proved to be an NP-hard problem,and an effective solution algorithm,longest processing time-genetic(LPT-gene)algorithm,is proposed.The impacts of varied processing energy consumption and electricity price on the optimal schedules are analyzed.The integrated influence of the different weight values and the variation between the peak price and the trough price on the optimal solution is studied.Computational experiments illustrate that considering the energy consumption costs in production has little influence on makespan;the computational performance of the proposed longest processing time-genetic algorithm is better than the genetic algorithm(GA)in the issue to be studied;considerable reductions in the energy consumption costs can be achieved by avoiding producing during high-energy price periods and reducing the machining energy consumption difference.The results can be a guidance for managers to improve productivity and to save energy costs under the time-of-use tariffs.

Implementation of Pre-Heating System in Stenters for Improving Machine Performance and Increasing Efficiency

In textile finishing, stenters always draw considerable attention to newer inventions to boost up production via maximum utilization of energy. Prior to main drying or heat-setting chambers, intermediate heating of cylindrical system especially by steam has a direct blessing to moisture evaporation, processing speed, fabric quality and so on. Based on actual operational data, this study reveals the outcomes of a pre-heating module installed within a stenter. After employing the pre-heating system to knit fabrics of different structures and compositions, 23% - 61% moisture reduction was found and the speed of processing fabrics was increased simultaneously by 17% - 30% without any compromise on fabric quality. Moreover, no less than 8.21% savings in annual electricity consumption were observed.

数控技术在农机零部件加工中的优化及应用

随着农业机械加工及制造行业的快速发展,为了满足农业机械多样化设计要求,数控节能加工技术通过精密的计算机控制,能够实现对农机零部件加工过程中各个参数的准确控制。针对传统农机零部件加工过程能耗大及难以控制的问题,基于带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法NSGA-Ⅱ对加工工艺参数进行多目标优化,并进行实验对比分析。研究结果对于提高农机零部件加工精度、降低能耗、减少加工时间等提供技术参考与借鉴。

基于分组遗传算法的数据中心虚拟机节能映射

近年来,随着人们对云计算业务需求持续增长,数据中心能耗日益增加,由此不仅增加了运营成本,巨大的碳排放对生态环境也产生严重的影响,数据中心节能已成为当前亟须解决的重要难题。对云数据中心的虚拟机放置(Virtual Machine Placement,VMP)进行优化能有效地提高资源利用率,同时,VMP也是减少数据中心能耗的重要技术之一;针对数据中心的能耗感知VMP问题,提出一种基于分组遗传算法的节能算法EEGGA(Energy-Efficient Grouping Genetic Algorithm),算法将节能VMP问题视为装箱问题(Bin Packing Problem,BPP),并应用基于分组编码的遗传算法对其进行求解,通过减少活动物理主机的数量(装箱数量)以实现降低数据中心能耗的目标;在算法迭代过程的交叉和变异等阶段,设计了多种启发优化策略提升子代染色体的适应度,从而提高算法的节能性能和加快迭代收敛的速度;通过仿真实验,在收敛速度和求解性能等方面将提出的算法与传统的节能遗传算法进行对比,实验结果表明:提出的算法能够有效地减少数据中心的能耗,在节能性能和求解收敛速度方面均优于其他算法。

Energy saving design of the machining unit of hobbing machine tool with integrated optimization

The machining unit of hobbing machine tool accounts for a large portion of the energy consumption during the operating phase.The optimization design is a practical means of energy saving and can reduce energy consumption essentially.However,this issue has rarely been discussed in depth in previous research.A comprehensive function of energy consumption of the machining unit is built to address this problem.Surrogate models are established by using effective fitting methods.An integrated optimization model for reducing tool displacement and energy consumption is developed on the basis of the energy consumption function and surrogate models,and the parameters of the motor and structure are considered simultaneously.Results show that the energy consumption and tool displacement of the machining unit are reduced,indicating that energy saving is achieved and the machining accuracy is guaranteed.The influence of optimization variables on the objectives is analyzed to inform the design.

农业机械节能减排技术在现代农业中的应用与发展策略

通过查阅相关资料及调查研究的方法,介绍了农业机械节能减排技术在现代农业中的作用。同时,还分析了农业机械节能减排技术在现代农业中的应用,最后,详细阐述了农业机械节能减排技术在现代农业中的发展策略。建议加大政策支持力度,引导农业生产者应用,利用新能源技术,推广节能型农业机械设备,优化农业生产模式,提高设备节能性,完善协同创新机制,加强农业科技创新,重视人才,加强农机高级人才培养与引进。

新能源智能农机装备发展现状和趋势

推进新能源智能农机发展是延伸新能源汽车产业链、拓展新能源汽车技术在农用机械领域应用的重要举措。新能源农机作为农业生产中节能减排的重要工具,是未来农机装备的发展和转型方向之一。在界定新能源智能农机概念的基础上,以电动拖拉机为例,介绍了国内外进行的大量技术研究与产品尝试,并对其发展的各个阶段及其典型产品进行了梳理,归纳各发展阶段的技术特点与影响电动拖拉机技术发展的主要因素。研究发现,新能源智能农机动力系统经历了电轨、动力电池与混合动力3个阶段,其发展受到了电池成本较高、基础设施不足、功率需求错配、农机类型多样与缺乏科学评定指标等多因素制约,而以清洁能源技术、分布式大马力电驱动技术、电控液压悬挂系统技术等为代表的新一代技术成为未来新能源农机技术发展的方向。

生料辊压机终粉磨系统节能减碳实践中存在的问题与对策

因原材料水分大、系统烘干能力不足、设备阻力大、高效选粉机结构缺陷等原因造成生料辊压机终粉磨系统运行不稳定且循环负荷大、停机次数较多、系统阻力大、循环风机拉风过大、细度跑粗现象,导致生料工段电耗偏高、成品细度合格率低。对物料特性、工艺流程、设备选型及运行、成品细度进行热工诊断和研究分析,并实施相应的设备、工艺及系统操作优化措施。优化后,生料辊压机终粉磨系统工段电耗降低了2.2kWh/t,选粉效率提升,成品细度明显改善,实现提质增效,节能减碳的目的。

基于STIRPAT模型的辽宁省能源碳排放影响因素分析

辽宁省是传统的工业和农业大省,在能源结构持续调整和农业机械化水平逐渐提高的背景下,为制定科学合理的减排措施,必须探明其碳排放主要来源。为此,采用排放因子法计算2012—2021年主要能源消耗碳排放量,利用STIRPAT模型构建辽宁省能源消耗碳排放测算模型,分析影响能源消耗碳排放的主导因素。结果发现,煤炭是辽宁省消耗的最主要能源,占总能耗的55%左右;能源消耗碳排放总量整体呈明显增加趋势,而碳排放强度呈下降趋势,10年间降低11.3 kt CO_(2)/亿元;第二产业产值、农业碳排放效率、农业经济发展水平、第一产业产值、人口、人均GDP、城镇化率、农业机械化程度、能源加工转换效率是影响辽宁省碳排放的主要因素;基于STIRPAT模型构建辽宁省碳排放测算模型,通过验证发现平均相对误差为-4.91%,准确度较好;对模型分析发现人口变化对辽宁省能源碳排放呈负向影响,而人均GDP、第二产业产值、农业经济发展水平、农业机械化程度对辽宁省能源碳排放呈正向影响。因此为抑制辽宁省能源碳排放量的快速增加,需要控制人口数量,优化产业结构,保持人均GDP增速,第二产业产值和农业机械化程度在一个合理的水平。

医疗建筑医用气体机房及其通风系统高效运行策略研究

目前医疗建筑医用气体机房设备、设施用能管理意识不强,安全与节能管理工作存在割裂情况。在保证医用气体系统安全可靠的基础上,从影响气体机房效能变化的各类直接和间接因素入手,深入剖析气体机房设备设施的运行状况和需求特征。对医用气体系统的工艺设计、运维管理、机房空间环境保障等环节进行探究,多维度挖掘节能降耗的潜力和路径,通过对医用气体系统设备设施的配置优化、运维管理措施优化以及机房通风系统分级管控等措施,可大幅提升气体机房设备设施的能源使用效率,进而构建一个安全可靠、节能高效的医用气体机房。

农业机械绿色转型与节能技术应用发展

绿色农业是现代农业发展的重要组成部分与规划目标,农业机械的绿色化转型是推进农业合理化发展,降低生产污染和能耗的有效手段,有利于农业生产打造科学合理的绿色产业链条。结合近年来国家政策标准,分析绿色农机产业建设现状与特点,对农业机械绿色转型进行目标设计,总结了绿色农机转型所依托的关键技术,以及农业节能技术应用发展未来趋势。旨在农业机械化生产在低功耗、高效率、低污染的良好模式下实施,促进农业生态保护与食品安全更好实现。

基于煤流量监测的带式输送机节能控制系统研究

采用机器视觉技术获取带式输送机煤流量并预测煤流变化趋势,通过模糊控制调节带式输送机变频器输出电流频率,从而使得实际带速接近期望带速;采用阶梯调速方式避免频繁调速问题,提高节能控制系统运行可靠性并降低带式输送机故障率。现场应用后,该节能控制系统运行平稳,煤流量监测精度较高,带式输送机平稳运行,在节能降耗方面表现出明显优势。

锂电涂布机新型节能技术研究

随着新能源行业的快速发展,锂电池生产能耗问题日趋严峻,涂布工艺占电芯整线制造设备能耗的30%,是节能研究的重要环节。基于传统锂电涂布机,首先系统分析了设备运行过程中的能耗分布,通过自然对流散热理论分析结合风场仿真及流体测试,优化了试验涂布机箱体散热、风场布局和油管损耗。结果表明,与传统涂布机相比,能耗可降低17.5%,有效能量利用率可提升7.4%。此外,能耗测试结果量化了涂布机节能权重,从高到低分别为油管损失、箱体散热和风机功率,可为涂布机运营降本提供重要数值依据。此技术可广泛应用于储能、动力和3C等化学电池等领域,具有显著的经济价值。

基于机器视觉的煤矿井下带式输送机节能调速控制系统设计

针对煤矿井下带式输送机的实际运行速度与胶带负载变化不匹配导致的能源浪费问题,设计了一种基于机器视觉的带式输送机节能调速控制系统。该系统可利用机器视觉技术实时检测带式输送机煤流量,并根据煤流量的大小控制变频器的输出频率,从而调整带式输送机运行速度。实验结果表明,带式输送机节能调速控制系统的煤流量检测结果可靠,带式输送机实际运行速度能够与煤流量相匹配,24 h电能消耗降低约31.25%,实现了煤流运输系统的自主感知和节能运行。

下一代互联网绿色节能解决方案

随着5G网络的迅猛发展,运营商网络能耗也随之快速增长,如何在保障网络服务质量前提下降低网络功耗和运营成本,成为运营商亟需解决的问题。分析了运营商2代网络设备的能耗和流量带宽的发展趋势,从单机节能、管理节能、网络架构节能3个维度探讨了下一代互联网降低能耗的绿色节能方案,并在运营商网络中对单机节能方案做了试点测试。

定形机使用导热油和蒸汽升温的利与弊

我国传统支柱和重要民生产业的印染纺织行业,仍处于高能耗的现状,不利于低碳、绿色、循环印染纺织经济发展。针对此现状,分析了印染纺织行业中高能耗设备定形机使用导热油和蒸汽升温的利与弊,设计了新的定形机排气余热回收系统与定形机?效率提升方案。结果表明,改进方案的进出口温差要比未改进方案低,改进后方案的进出口最低温差为10.8℃,进出口最高温差为30.7℃。与未改进方案相比,改进方案的进出口温差分别降低了3.0、3.6℃。且改进后方案的最高余热资源回收率达到96.12%,设备的?效率也由原来的35.62%提升到60.25%。

高速纸机真空系统改造与节能实践

本研究以文化用纸生产线为例,对高速纸机真空系统进行改造,用磁悬浮透平真空泵替代水环式真空泵,对相应的工艺流程进行了优化,在确保纸机运行稳定的前提下,对高速纸机网部、压榨部真空分布及节能效果进行了分析。结果表明,经改造后纸机真空系统能耗降低30%,吨纸能耗下降21 kWh。