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题名环境资源代际信托的权利基础及其制度属性
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作者
杨清望
陶华强
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机构
中南大学法学院
中共宜章县委党校
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出处
《中南大学学报(社会科学版)》
CSSCI
2015年第5期86-93,共8页
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基金
国家社科基金青年项目"农村土地承包经营权流转视角下的社会公平正义研究"(10CFX009)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(71171203)
中南大学科学研究基金(2014JSJJ044)
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文摘
环境资源保护的权利基础是一个动态的演变过程,在"风险社会"下发展为"后代人生活和发展模式选择权"。当代人对后代人享有环境资源权利所负有的保有义务,信托制度发展的新动向决定了建立环境资源代际信托法律制度的必然性和可能性。这种新型的环境资源代际信托具有公益信托、宣言信托、他益信托、积极信托、不可撤销信托的多重属性,由此有效解决了环境资源代际信托法律制度建构面临的"双向互惠性特征""信托财产扩大化"和"后代人身份不确定"三大难题,并从根本上决定了制度建构的基本要求。
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关键词
环境资源
代际信托
生活和发展模式选择权
制度属性
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Keywords
environmental resources
intergenerational trust
the selective rights of living and developing patterns
the characteristics of institution
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分类号
D912.6
[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]
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题名中医对小儿脑性瘫痪的认识和治疗特征
被引量:26
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作者
容国安
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机构
广西医科大学第一附属医院康复医学科
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出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第3期146-148,共3页
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文摘
目的:探讨中医认识小儿脑性瘫痪的研究进展及其治疗技术的特征。资料来源:检索维普中文科技期刊数据库1994-01/2004-12和清华同方中文系列数据库1994-01/2004-12关于小儿脑性瘫痪中医治疗的文章,检索词“小儿脑性瘫痪、中医、针灸”,并限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:通过文献检索,从病因病机、辨证分型、针灸治疗、中药治疗、推拿治疗、中西医综合治疗等6个方面选取近10年与中医治疗小儿脑性瘫痪相关文献,然后筛除明显不随机临床试验的研究,对剩余的文献开始查找全文,进一步判断是否为随机对照临床试验。纳入标准为①随机对照临床试验,无论是否为单盲,双盲或非盲法。②符合小儿脑性瘫痪诊断标准,适合非手术治疗。排除标准:重复的同一研究或一般性的经验总结和综述文献。资料提炼:共收集到108篇关于小儿脑性瘫痪的文献,22篇符合标准。排除的86篇文献因是重复的同一研究及一般性的经验总结和综述文献。对剩余22篇关于小儿脑性瘫痪的文献进行分类整理。资料综合:中医学认为小儿脑性瘫痪主要由于先天胎禀不足,肝肾亏损,后天失养,气血虚弱或受寒,阴气不运,肌肤失其温煦所致。辨证分型施治是中医治疗小儿脑性瘫痪的特点之一,中医治疗脑性瘫痪方法很多,如中药、推拿按摩、针灸等,目前多采用2种以上方法综合应用。现代康复在抑制异常姿势与异常运动模式,促进大运动、精细动作、语言功能恢复具有独特优势,中西医结合是国内小儿脑性瘫痪康复治疗发展趋势。结论:中药、推拿按摩、针灸一体的中医综合疗法对小儿脑性瘫痪具有显著作用,在改善临床症状,提高生活质量,避免不良预后方面均取得了较好疗效。但也存在以下方面的不足:①脑性瘫痪的中医分型、诊断、疗效没有统一标准,难以做出客观准确的疗效比较。②小儿脑性瘫痪治疗的临床研究较多,实验室的机制研究相对较少。
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关键词
脑性瘫痪
中医疗法
综述文献
儿童
治疗特征
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Keywords
of 'cerebral palsy of children, traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion' in Chinese. STUDY SELECTION: Articles on treatment of cerebral palsy with traditional Chinese medicine were selected through 6 aspects nearly 10 years, including etiological factor and mechanism, identified typing, acupuncture and moxibustion, Chinese herb, manipulation, and combination of traditional Chinese medicine with western medicine. then obviously non-randomly clinical studies were excluded, and the rest references were retrieved by full test to judge whether it was randomized controlled clinical study or not. Inclusion criteria: ① Randomized controlled clinical study, no matter single blind, double blind or non blind
② coincidence with diagnosed criteria of cerebral palsy of children, and suitable for non-operative treatment. Exclusion criteria: duplicated researches, general experience reviews and literatures. DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 108 articles were selected but only 22 were in coincidence with conclusion criteria. Other 86 articles were excluded because of duplicated researches, general experience reviews and literatures. the selective 22 articles were classified and arranged. DATA SYNtheSIS: Traditional Chinese medicine suggested that cerebral palsy of children caused by inherent fetal deficiency, deficiency of liver-yin and kidney-yin, lack of proper care after birth, deficiency of qi and blood, catch cold, non-transportation of yin-qi, lost temperature of muscle and skin. Identified typing was one of characters to treat cerebral palsy with traditional Chinese medicine. there were so many methods for traditional Chinese medicine to treat cerebral palsy, such as Chinese herb, manipulation and massage, and acupuncture. At present, above 2 methods were used together. Modern rehabilitation could inhibit abnormal posture and abnormal motor pattern, promote motor, fine activities and functional recovery of language. Combination of Chinese and western medicine was the development to treat cerebral palsy. CONCLUSION: Chinese herb, manipulation and massage, and acupuncture have obvious effect on cerebral palsy, improve clinical symptom, raise living quality, and prevent poor prognosis. However, they also have deficiency as below: ① Typing, diagnosis and effect of traditional Chinese medicine have no uniform criteria, so effective comparison is hard to obtain. ② Clinical researches on cerebral palsy of children are a lot, but mechanism in laboratory is rare.
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分类号
R277.723
[医药卫生—中医学]
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