Precision agricultural fertilization technique at small scale is the key for regional cultivated land protection and management. Taking Dingzhuang Town (located in Guangrao County, Shandong Province) as a case study, ...Precision agricultural fertilization technique at small scale is the key for regional cultivated land protection and management. Taking Dingzhuang Town (located in Guangrao County, Shandong Province) as a case study, this article explores the precision agricultural fertilization technique at small scale. First, three main cropping systems are identified via field investigation, namely "wheat–maize–soybean", "garlic–maize" and "cotton". Then, application amount of fertilizer N, P and K under the three cropping systems is calculated on the parameters acquired through field experiment, using nutrient balance approach on the support of geographic information system technique. The results indicate that, precision agricultural fertilization technique at small scale take on different characteristics compared with that at larger scale. The spatial distribution of soil nutrients in Dingzhuang Town is out of equilibrium, and huge amount fertilizer is needed to satisfy local agricultural production. There is huge distinction of fertilizer ap- plication amount under different cropping systems. The demand of fertilizer amount under "wheat–maize–soybean" system is larger than that under "garlic–maize" and "cotton" systems. This study can provide theories and principles for regional precision agricul- tural fertilization management.展开更多
Small scale farmers constitute about half of world＇s hungry people and include three quarters of Africa＇s malnourished children. The appropriate identification and characterization of this population and the constra...Small scale farmers constitute about half of world＇s hungry people and include three quarters of Africa＇s malnourished children. The appropriate identification and characterization of this population and the constraints it faces are essential for the design and the successful implementation of safety nets and to properly target their needs and effectively include them in agricultural development strategies. This paper aims at exploring the characteristics, limitations, and potential for agricultural development of small scale farmers in developing countries. It calculates four land cultivated thresholds which are then used as a measure to classify households that were surveyed in four developing countries. It empirically estimates the magnitudes of the smallholders, their characteristics, as well as their poverty status using the four thresholds. This analysis provides empirical evidence that small scale farmers still prevail in terms of population distribution in rural area settings in developing countries. Small scale farmers heavily rely on farm income as their form of livelihood and heavily contribute to the rural income. It also finds that land is unequally distributed among small and large scale farmers in the rural households. Small scale farmers also have the highest poverty rates in these rural settings.展开更多
小型农田水利工程的规划设计是提高农田灌溉效率和保障农业生产的重要环节。旨在探讨小型农田水利工程规划设计问题,并提出相应解决方案。首先,通过对小型农田水量需求进行调查和分析,确定了合理的灌溉水量。其次,针对农田的地形、土壤...小型农田水利工程的规划设计是提高农田灌溉效率和保障农业生产的重要环节。旨在探讨小型农田水利工程规划设计问题,并提出相应解决方案。首先,通过对小型农田水量需求进行调查和分析,确定了合理的灌溉水量。其次,针对农田的地形、土壤类型和作物种植情况,采用地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)技术进行数据采集和分析,以确定最佳的灌溉方式和灌溉设施布局。接着,结合农田的自然环境和社会经济条件,制定了适合农田的水资源管理和利用策略。最后,通过实地调研和模拟分析,验证了所提出的规划设计方案的可行性和有效性。研究结果表明,科学合理的小型农田水利工程规划设计可以提高农田的灌溉效率,减少水资源浪费,促进农业可持续发展。因此,该研究对于小型农田水利工程的规划设计具有一定的实践意义和指导价值。展开更多
文摘Precision agricultural fertilization technique at small scale is the key for regional cultivated land protection and management. Taking Dingzhuang Town (located in Guangrao County, Shandong Province) as a case study, this article explores the precision agricultural fertilization technique at small scale. First, three main cropping systems are identified via field investigation, namely "wheat–maize–soybean", "garlic–maize" and "cotton". Then, application amount of fertilizer N, P and K under the three cropping systems is calculated on the parameters acquired through field experiment, using nutrient balance approach on the support of geographic information system technique. The results indicate that, precision agricultural fertilization technique at small scale take on different characteristics compared with that at larger scale. The spatial distribution of soil nutrients in Dingzhuang Town is out of equilibrium, and huge amount fertilizer is needed to satisfy local agricultural production. There is huge distinction of fertilizer ap- plication amount under different cropping systems. The demand of fertilizer amount under "wheat–maize–soybean" system is larger than that under "garlic–maize" and "cotton" systems. This study can provide theories and principles for regional precision agricul- tural fertilization management.
文摘Small scale farmers constitute about half of world＇s hungry people and include three quarters of Africa＇s malnourished children. The appropriate identification and characterization of this population and the constraints it faces are essential for the design and the successful implementation of safety nets and to properly target their needs and effectively include them in agricultural development strategies. This paper aims at exploring the characteristics, limitations, and potential for agricultural development of small scale farmers in developing countries. It calculates four land cultivated thresholds which are then used as a measure to classify households that were surveyed in four developing countries. It empirically estimates the magnitudes of the smallholders, their characteristics, as well as their poverty status using the four thresholds. This analysis provides empirical evidence that small scale farmers still prevail in terms of population distribution in rural area settings in developing countries. Small scale farmers heavily rely on farm income as their form of livelihood and heavily contribute to the rural income. It also finds that land is unequally distributed among small and large scale farmers in the rural households. Small scale farmers also have the highest poverty rates in these rural settings.
文摘小型农田水利工程的规划设计是提高农田灌溉效率和保障农业生产的重要环节。旨在探讨小型农田水利工程规划设计问题,并提出相应解决方案。首先,通过对小型农田水量需求进行调查和分析,确定了合理的灌溉水量。其次,针对农田的地形、土壤类型和作物种植情况,采用地理信息系统(Geographic Information System,GIS)技术进行数据采集和分析,以确定最佳的灌溉方式和灌溉设施布局。接着,结合农田的自然环境和社会经济条件,制定了适合农田的水资源管理和利用策略。最后,通过实地调研和模拟分析,验证了所提出的规划设计方案的可行性和有效性。研究结果表明,科学合理的小型农田水利工程规划设计可以提高农田的灌溉效率,减少水资源浪费,促进农业可持续发展。因此,该研究对于小型农田水利工程的规划设计具有一定的实践意义和指导价值。
