Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine Therapies in Comprehensive Hospitals in Central China: A Parallel Survey in Cancer Patients and Clinicians

Summary： Chinese herbal medicine （CHM）, as the largest application category of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, is widely accepted among cancer patients in China. Herbal slice （HS） and Chinese patent drug （CPD） are commonly used CHM in China. This study aimed to investigate the utilization of CHM among clinicians and cancer patients in central China. Five hundred and twenty-five patients and 165 clinicians in 35 comprehensive hospitals in central China were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire that was designed to evaluate the use of CHM. The results showed that 90.74% clinicians and 72.24% cancer patients used CHM during cancer treatment. The educational backgrounds of the clinicians and the age, education level, annual income, and cancer stage of the cancer patients were re- lated to use of CHM. More than 90% clinicians and cancer patients had used CPD. Comparatively, the percentage of HS use was 10% lower than that of CPD use among clinicians and cancer patients. More clinicians preferred to use CHM after surgery than cancer patients did （20.41% vs. 5.37%）. Enhancing physical fitness and improving performance status were regarded as the most potential effect of CHM on cancer treatment （85.71% among clinicians and 94.07% among cancer patients）, in comparison with directly killing tumor cells （24.49% among clinicians and 31.36% among patients）. As for refusal rea- sons, imprecise efficacy was the unanimous （100%） reason for clinicians＇ rejection of CHM, and 95.58% patients objected to using CHM also for this reason. Furthermore, the side effects of CHM were more concerned by clinicians than by patients （33.33% vs. 15.81%）. In conclusion, our survey revealed that CHM was popularly accepted by clinicians and cancer patients in central China. The reasons of use and rejection of CHM were different between clinicians and cancer patients.

Expert Survey on the Prevention and Treatment Situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Coronary Artery Disease

Objective: To grasp the current situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on prevention and treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD) and the possible advantages and disadvantages. Method: Using a survey in the form of questionnaire among 60 cardiovascular disease experts, to grasp current situation of TCM on prevention and treatment of CAD and the possible advantages and disadvantages. Results: In most areas of China, CAD is common, and angina is the most common clinical type. More than 91% experts choose to integrate traditional and western medicine for treatment and prevention of CAD. TCM proprietary medicine, traditional herbal decoction and intravenous TCM are widely used in the clinical work. Clinical advantages of TCM in the prevention of CAD that are listed in the questionnaire include improving symptoms, enhancing quality of life, increasing exercise tolerance, improving cardiac function, relieving angina, secondary prevention of myocardial infarction, etc. The shortcomings include troublesome brewing of herbal medicine, unpleasant taste of decoction, minimal clinical evidence, slow onset of effects and non-standardized prescription of medicine, etc. Conclusion: The survey reflects the present situation of clinical diagnosis and treatment of TCM on prevention and treatment of CAD to a certain extent;more accurate conclusions need the broader, deeper and large-scale clinical survey.

Detection of consensuses and treatment principles of diabetic nephropathy in traditional Chinese medicine: A new approach

Objective:To propose and test a new approach based on community detection in the field of social computing for uncovering consensuses and treatment principles in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Three Chinese databases(CNKI,VIP,andWan Fang Data)were searched for published articles on TCM treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN)from their inception until September 31,2014.Zheng classification and herbdatawereextractedfromincluded articlesand usedto construct a Zheng classification and treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DNZCT)network with nodes denoting Zhengs and herbs and edges denoting corresponding treating relationshipsamong them.Community detection was applied to the DNZCT and detected community structures were analyzed.Results:A network of 201 nodes and 743 edges were constructed and six communities were detected.Nodes clustered in the samecommunity captured the samesemantic topic;different communities had unique characteristics,and indicated different treatment principles.Large communities usually represented similar points of view or consensuses on common Zheng diagnoses and herb prescriptions;small communities might help to indicate unusual Zhengs and herbs.Conclusion:The results suggest that the community detection-based approach is useful and feasible for uncovering consensuses and treatment principles of DN treatment in TCM,and could be used to address other similar problems in TCM.

Species of Chinese materia medica resources based on the fourth national survey of Chinese materia medica resources

This article outlines the composition and species characteristics of Chinese materia medica(CMM)resources identified in the fourth national survey of CMM resources.The survey was conducted based on field investigations and office collation,adhering to the“four principles”emphasizing the existence of survey records,voucher specimens,actual photographs,and evidence of medicinal use,to summarize the species ofCMMresources and ensure the scientific integrity and accuracy of the results.According to the findings,China has 18,817 CMM resources,including 15,321 medicinal plants,826 medicinal fungi,2517 medicinal animals,and 153 medicinal minerals.Additionally,in the fourth national survey of CMM resources,3151 species of unique medicinal plants,464 species of rare and endangered medicinal plants,and 196 new species in China underwent specialized investigations.These latest statistics are expected to provide themost up-to-date foundational data for the protection,management,development,and utilization of these CMMresources over an extended period,offering scientific guidance for the development of the traditional Chinese medicine industry.

Analysis on the Chinese Medicine Syndromes and Demographic Characteristics of Patients with Influenza-Like Illness in Clinics of China

Objective： To investigate Chinese medicine （CM） patterns and epidemiological characters of patients with influenza-like illness （ILI） syndromes in clinics in China. Methods： A prospective multi-center observational epidemiology survey on the clinical CM patterns of ILI and its prevalence was conducted from September 2009 to April 2010. A unified survey questionnaire was developed for data collection of ILI symptoms and CM pattems. Totally 45 hospitals from 22 provinces, municipality cities and autonomous regions of China participated this study. The collected data were input by EPI-data v3.1 and analyzed by SPSS 18.0, which included descriptive analysis and Chi-square test for group comparison. Results： A total of 5,967 ILI patients were included in the study. The proportion of the 18-34 aged group （56.2%） was the largest; students （41.0%） were more than other occupations. Majority of the patients had the wind-heat invading Lung （Fei） syndrome （76%）, while in Southwest China mainly wind-heat invading Lung syndrome and wind-cold tightening the exterior syndrome occurred. The typical symptoms of ILI were ranked as fatigue （80.9%）, cough （72.2%）, sore throat （67.2%）, muscular soreness （67.1%）, headache （65.4%）, aversion to cold （60.1%）, thirst （55.1%） and nasal obstruction （48.1%）. Conclusions： The ILl patients in clinics were mainly teenagers and young adults. In regard to CM syndrome, wind-heat invading Lung syndrome prevailed in all regions except the Southwest China. The characteristics of CM syndrome of ILl patients may be relevant to age and region distribution.

Application Status of Chinese Medicine on Cancer Rehabilitation: A Preliminary Questionnaire Survey

Objective:To investigate the application status of Chinese medicine(CM)in cancer rehabilitation,so as to provide references for improving the level of CM cancer rehabilitation.Methods:A survey questionnaire regarding"application status of CM rehabilitation in cancer patients"for oncologists(doctor version)and cancer patients(patient version)were developed,respectively.From September 2014 to November 2016,a total of 1,000 doctors from oncology department in 48 hospitals and 2,000 cancer patients from CM oncology department from 8 hospitals in China were recruited in this survey.The psychological,nutrition and exercise rehabilitation guidance for cancer patients provided by doctors,their mastery conditions regarding cancer staging treatment and CM syndrome differentiation,and recommendation from doctors on CM rehabilitation were investigated.Cancer patients’awareness on the importance of psychological,nutrition and exercise rehabilitation,as well as their knowledge and needs for rehabilitation were also analyzed.The impact of gender,age,professional title,hospitals grades of physicians on their knowledge of cancer staging treatment and CM syndrome differentiation,and the relationship between gender,age,education level and economic conditions and patient’s knowledge along with the needs of CM rehabilitation were further analyzed.Results:Totally 1,000 questionnaires were issued to doctors and 963 questionnaires returned,among which 948 were valid representing a response rate of 94.80%.A total of 2,000 questionnaires were issued to patients and 1,705 valid data finally returned with a response rate of 85.25%.The survey showed that cancer patients generally paid much attention to psychological,nutritional and sports rehabilitation,and had a strong demand for CM rehabilitation.Knowledge of CM rehabilitation was not well provided by oncologists,and the rehabilitation guidance as well as CM rehabilitation measures were obviously insufficient in cancer patients.Educational and economic levels were positively correlated with cognition level of CM rehabilitation knowledge among cancer patients(Kendall-tau_b correlation coefficients=0.130,0.057,respectively;P<0.05).Gender and education level were positively correlated with the patients’willingness for taking CM measures(Kendall-tau_b correlation coefficient=0.057,0.105,respectively;P<0.05).Age was negatively correlated with intention of applying CM measures(kendall-taub correlation coefficient=–0.105,P<0.05).Conclusions:Health education and professional training for both cancer patients and oncologists should be strengthened and CM rehabilitation knowledge among cancer patients and oncologists should be improved,so as to give full play to CM in cancer rehabilitation.

Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine in medical practice：a survey of community residents in Beijing,China

OBJECTIVE:To investigate how community residents in Beijing understood and used Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) in their medical practice.METHODS:This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 3410 community residents from four large communities of Tongzhou district in Beijng,China.A validated, self-administered questionnaire comprised of three sections was used to gather the data.A systematic sampling procedure was applied to recruit the community residents.RESULTS:A total of 3410 participants completed the questionnaire survey.It showed that in highly educated residents, 33.4%(170) knew of the names of 3-10 Chinese herbals, 35.8%(182) knew of names of 3-10 traditional Chinese patent drug.Among all the respondent residents, 80.7%(2753)believed that TCM herbal therapy and TCM non-drug treatments were effective in disease treatment, health enhancement, 85.7%(2923) had taken traditional Chinese patent drug in their life,56.8%(1937) of residents had used herbal decoction, 40.0%(1365) had received non-drug treatment of TCM, such as acupuncture, massage, cupping, auricular acupuncture.Among the elderly residents, 11.4%(98) often used Chinese patent drug and 9.8%(85) often used herbal decoction.In addition, 70.8%(2415) of residents were willing to accept knowledge and information on TCM for health enhancement and disease prevention, such as medicated diet, medicinal tea, Tai Chi and Qi Gong, although 82.8%(2825) of residents had never used them.CONCLUSION:Chinese patent drug and herbal decoction are widely used in the communities in Beijing, and there existed a possible close correlation between high educational level and better understanding of TCM.Age and occupation also correlated with the attitude to TCM therapies.The characteristics of the residents should be considered seriously in the course of promoting the understanding and application of TCM.

Survey and Practice of Reporting Quality of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials on Traditional Chinese Medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.

The utilization of traditional Chinese medicine and associated factors in Taiwan in 2002

Background Previous studies have noted that there is a high utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） services in Taiwan, China and in western countries, but few studies investigated factors associated with the utilization of TCM in Taiwan. This study analyzes the utilization rate and the factors associated with the utilization of TCM in Taiwan. Methods Data for this study were from the 2002 HPKAP Survey that conducted the face-to-face questionnaire interviews of people aged 15 years and over from October 2002 to March 2003 in Taiwan. This study analyzed the utilization of TCM outpatient services, including admission to the hospital and clinic visits. Results A total of 26 755 participants completed the survey in the six-month period. The data revealed that 10.4% of participants had utilized TCM services in the past one month while 4.2% of participants utilized TCM only （without using Western medicine outpatient services （WM） or Folk therapy （FT））. The average visits of TCM services per patient was higher among people who had utilized TCM and FT services （2.68 visits） than among those who had utilized WM and FT services （2.15 visits） or TCM services alone （2.15 visits） during the previous one month. Younger people （odds ratio OR = 1.78, 95%CI= 1.47-2.16）, women （compared with men）, and people with higher education levels （OR = 1.58, 95%CI= 1.25-1.98） were more likely to visit TCM than compared groups. People with self-reported poor health status （OR = 2.07, 95%CI= 1.76-2.44） and people who exercise regularly （OR = 1.17, 95%CI= 1.07-1.27） had higher ORs to visit TCM service than comparison group. Conclusions There is a high utilization of TCM in Taiwan. Further studies are needed to investigate the related factors and determinants between the utilization of TCM and the utilization of FT in Taiwan.

新时代高校实践育人协同体系构建——基于“中医药继承者”项目的创新探索

社会实践是高校开展大学生思想政治教育的重要途径和载体。构建实践育人协同体系,对推动高等教育发展、提升实践育人实效、助力大学生成长成才具有重大意义。基于社会实践的育人性、协同性、开放性三大原则,通过打造“政府+高校+企业+社区”四轮驱动育人机制、建立“健康教育+健康服务”两翼共振实践体系、完善“初次+阶段+专业”三级分类培训体系、贯彻“总结+评议”的双维考核制度,构建新时代高校实践育人协同体系,不断增强育人实效,推动高等教育高质量、可持续发展。

中国与共建“一带一路”国家中药材贸易网络关系动态演进及影响因素分析

中药材凝聚了中国传统医学的智慧,依托“一带一路”倡议积极拓展中药材进出口贸易对弘扬中华文化、构建人类卫生健康共同体具有重要意义。文章选取2011—2020年中国与共建“一带一路”国家的中药材贸易数据,分析中国与共建“一带一路”国家中药材贸易网络关系的演化,以及中国在网络中的地位与作用。研究发现:中国在“一带一路”中药材贸易网络中处于中心地位,中药材进出口贸易总额呈波动上升态势;共建“一带一路”国家间中药材贸易联系逐步密切;GDP规模、边境距离、语言等会对两国贸易关系产生影响。今后应继续拓展中国与共建“一带一路”国家的中药材进出口贸易,建设中药材专属国际物流通道和中药材人才培养体系,弘扬中医文化,不断加强中国与共建“一带一路”国家的交流与合作。

中医药院校公益创业+思政教育资助模式育人功能探究——以河南中医药大学为例

公益创业教育与思想政治教育是我国中医药院校不可缺少的课程。为促进学生成长成才,中医药院校牢记立德树人的根本任务,将育人作为学生资助工作的出发点与落脚点,积极探索、不断尝试,建立完善的育人体系。由此,将“公益创业”与“思政教育”有机融合的资助模式应运而生。文章以河南中医药大学为例,研究“公益创业+思政教育”资助模式的育人功能,结合其中的不足,提出解决措施,并不断进行完善,为中医药院校发挥育人功能提供实效性研究。

China's growing contribution to military Chinese medicine(2005-2014):a ten-year literature survey

OBJECTIVE： In China, people have relied on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） for thousands of years to keep healthy and treat diseases. TCM also plays an important role in military health services and now forms a new discipline called military Chinese medicine （MCM）. However, the type, quality and focus of research articles about MCM have not been reported. The present study was performed to analyze the growing trends of MCM and investigate China＇s contribution to military health services. METHODS： China＇s MCM publications were retrieved from the PubMed database, as well as China Nationa~ Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data and Chongqing VIP database from 2005 to 2014. RESULTS： The study found that the number of published articles increased markedly from 2005 to 2014 Basic research studies comprised a small percentage of the literature. Among these studies, military training injury and special military environmental medicine were the most common research subjects in MCM. Military hospitals were the main institutions generating MCM literature. CONCLUSION： The quality of MCM research is generally low, as indicated by the proportion of publications in core journals. Studies on MCM still lack high-quality publications and internationa cooperation.

陆士谔中医及社会变革思想探微

陆士谔是清朝至民国时期的一位著名中医家,也是一位著述等身的小说家。作为医学实践经验丰富的名医,他对中医发展史的阐述展示了其宽广的中医视角,他对中西医关系的论述体现了他对中医的高度信心,他对中医阴阳生克理论以及中医诊断特征的见解体现了其深厚的中医造诣。陆士谔的小说不仅揭露、批判现实,对未来还具有惊人的预言能力。他在中国落后、灾乱频仍时期对百年后中国美好未来的诸多精准预言,令人折服。他对医学新发明的科学幻想,是支撑他超越时代成功预言中国未来的重要思想基础。

构建海外“中医社会健康学”的探讨及SWOT分析

随着中医药在全球受到越来越多的关注,海外中医领域的发展不仅带来了机遇,也面临着多重挑战,如文化差异、法律制约、医疗保险政策以及专业资格认证等问题。特别是在教育和科研方面,仍存在重视临床而忽视科学研究的倾向。近年来,越来越多的海外中医教育机构开始培养出一批拥有博士学位的中医高学历人才,并开始重视科学研究工作。文章探讨了构建“中医社会健康学”作为海外中医从业者进行科学研究的新路径。这一新兴的跨学科领域融合了中医学、社会科学和健康科学的研究方法,旨在深入探讨中医在当代社会中的实践和价值,促进中医的国际化与现代化以及在全球健康领域中的应用。文章首先探讨了社会科学和健康科学对中医研究的贡献,并通过3个补充替代医学的成功案例,展示了社会科学研究方法在推动中医发展中的作用。进一步,文章借助广泛用于商科领域的战略规划工具即SWOT分析框架,全面分析了构建“中医社会健康学”这一学科的内部优势(Strengths)、内部弱势(Weaknesses)、外部机遇(Opportunities)和外部挑战(Threats),旨在对海外中医的发展提供战略性思考和研究方向。此外,“中医社会健康学”对中国内地的中医发展也会有借鉴意义,为中医在本土及国际舞台上的进一步发展提供了全新的视角和研究路径。

中西医结合康复训练对精神障碍患者的疗效分析

目的:探究中西医结合康复训练对精神障碍患者的影响。方法:选取2020年10月—2022年10月龙岩市第三医院收治的96例精神障碍患者作为研究对象。根据随机数表法将其分为对照组和试验组,各48例。对照组接受常规治疗措施,试验组在对照组基础上实施中西医结合康复训练。比较两组入院时、干预1个月、3个月、6个月后精神症状,入院时、干预后社会功能、家庭功能、服药依从性及复发情况及再住院情况。结果:干预3个月、6个月后,两组阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评分均降低,试验组PANSS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组家庭功能量表(APGAR)评分均显著提高,试验组APGAR评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组日常生活能力、日常交往情况/活动、社会活动技能评分均升高,试验组日常生活能力、日常交往情况/活动、社会活动技能评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组服药行为、用药观念评分均升高,试验组服药行为、用药观念评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组复发率及再住院率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对精神障碍患者实施中西医结合康复训练,可显著改善患者的社会和家庭功能,提升其治疗依从性,有效降低复发率和再住院率,是改善患者精神症状的有效策略。

“互联网+”背景下中医药信息化需求与惠民模式研究

中医药信息化是我国人口健康信息化的重要组成部分,也是中医药事业发展的主要推动力。分析中医药信息化利益相关者及民众的健康需求,总结"互联网+"背景下中医药信息化惠民模式,描述其运用方式,指出中医药信息化惠民存在的问题并提出建议。

中医文化融入中医院校人文社科教育现状及对策分析

中医文化具有丰富而深刻的中华传统文化内涵,是中医学生提高人文精神素养的重要源泉。将其融入人文社科教育,对提高中医院校学生的人文素质,传承中医文化,培养高水平的创新型中医人才具有重要意义。通过调研高等中医院校学生对中医文化的认知情况、对中医文化融入人文社科教育的满意度情况以及需求情况等方面内容,分析了中医院校人文社科教育中融入中医文化的现状,并在此基础上,提出增设与中医文化相关的选修课程,深入挖掘中医文化内涵,灵活采用现代教学方法、手段,改善教师知识结构等对策提高教学效果。