Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine Therapies in Comprehensive Hospitals in Central China: A Parallel Survey in Cancer Patients and Clinicians

Summary： Chinese herbal medicine （CHM）, as the largest application category of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, is widely accepted among cancer patients in China. Herbal slice （HS） and Chinese patent drug （CPD） are commonly used CHM in China. This study aimed to investigate the utilization of CHM among clinicians and cancer patients in central China. Five hundred and twenty-five patients and 165 clinicians in 35 comprehensive hospitals in central China were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire that was designed to evaluate the use of CHM. The results showed that 90.74% clinicians and 72.24% cancer patients used CHM during cancer treatment. The educational backgrounds of the clinicians and the age, education level, annual income, and cancer stage of the cancer patients were re- lated to use of CHM. More than 90% clinicians and cancer patients had used CPD. Comparatively, the percentage of HS use was 10% lower than that of CPD use among clinicians and cancer patients. More clinicians preferred to use CHM after surgery than cancer patients did （20.41% vs. 5.37%）. Enhancing physical fitness and improving performance status were regarded as the most potential effect of CHM on cancer treatment （85.71% among clinicians and 94.07% among cancer patients）, in comparison with directly killing tumor cells （24.49% among clinicians and 31.36% among patients）. As for refusal rea- sons, imprecise efficacy was the unanimous （100%） reason for clinicians＇ rejection of CHM, and 95.58% patients objected to using CHM also for this reason. Furthermore, the side effects of CHM were more concerned by clinicians than by patients （33.33% vs. 15.81%）. In conclusion, our survey revealed that CHM was popularly accepted by clinicians and cancer patients in central China. The reasons of use and rejection of CHM were different between clinicians and cancer patients.

Expert Survey on the Prevention and Treatment Situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Coronary Artery Disease

Objective: To grasp the current situation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on prevention and treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD) and the possible advantages and disadvantages. Method: Using a survey in the form of questionnaire among 60 cardiovascular disease experts, to grasp current situation of TCM on prevention and treatment of CAD and the possible advantages and disadvantages. Results: In most areas of China, CAD is common, and angina is the most common clinical type. More than 91% experts choose to integrate traditional and western medicine for treatment and prevention of CAD. TCM proprietary medicine, traditional herbal decoction and intravenous TCM are widely used in the clinical work. Clinical advantages of TCM in the prevention of CAD that are listed in the questionnaire include improving symptoms, enhancing quality of life, increasing exercise tolerance, improving cardiac function, relieving angina, secondary prevention of myocardial infarction, etc. The shortcomings include troublesome brewing of herbal medicine, unpleasant taste of decoction, minimal clinical evidence, slow onset of effects and non-standardized prescription of medicine, etc. Conclusion: The survey reflects the present situation of clinical diagnosis and treatment of TCM on prevention and treatment of CAD to a certain extent;more accurate conclusions need the broader, deeper and large-scale clinical survey.

Detection of consensuses and treatment principles of diabetic nephropathy in traditional Chinese medicine: A new approach

Objective:To propose and test a new approach based on community detection in the field of social computing for uncovering consensuses and treatment principles in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Methods:Three Chinese databases(CNKI,VIP,andWan Fang Data)were searched for published articles on TCM treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DN)from their inception until September 31,2014.Zheng classification and herbdatawereextractedfromincluded articlesand usedto construct a Zheng classification and treatment of diabetic nephropathy(DNZCT)network with nodes denoting Zhengs and herbs and edges denoting corresponding treating relationshipsamong them.Community detection was applied to the DNZCT and detected community structures were analyzed.Results:A network of 201 nodes and 743 edges were constructed and six communities were detected.Nodes clustered in the samecommunity captured the samesemantic topic;different communities had unique characteristics,and indicated different treatment principles.Large communities usually represented similar points of view or consensuses on common Zheng diagnoses and herb prescriptions;small communities might help to indicate unusual Zhengs and herbs.Conclusion:The results suggest that the community detection-based approach is useful and feasible for uncovering consensuses and treatment principles of DN treatment in TCM,and could be used to address other similar problems in TCM.

新时代高校实践育人协同体系构建——基于“中医药继承者”项目的创新探索

社会实践是高校开展大学生思想政治教育的重要途径和载体。构建实践育人协同体系,对推动高等教育发展、提升实践育人实效、助力大学生成长成才具有重大意义。基于社会实践的育人性、协同性、开放性三大原则,通过打造“政府+高校+企业+社区”四轮驱动育人机制、建立“健康教育+健康服务”两翼共振实践体系、完善“初次+阶段+专业”三级分类培训体系、贯彻“总结+评议”的双维考核制度,构建新时代高校实践育人协同体系,不断增强育人实效,推动高等教育高质量、可持续发展。

中国与共建“一带一路”国家中药材贸易网络关系动态演进及影响因素分析

中药材凝聚了中国传统医学的智慧,依托“一带一路”倡议积极拓展中药材进出口贸易对弘扬中华文化、构建人类卫生健康共同体具有重要意义。文章选取2011—2020年中国与共建“一带一路”国家的中药材贸易数据,分析中国与共建“一带一路”国家中药材贸易网络关系的演化,以及中国在网络中的地位与作用。研究发现:中国在“一带一路”中药材贸易网络中处于中心地位,中药材进出口贸易总额呈波动上升态势;共建“一带一路”国家间中药材贸易联系逐步密切;GDP规模、边境距离、语言等会对两国贸易关系产生影响。今后应继续拓展中国与共建“一带一路”国家的中药材进出口贸易,建设中药材专属国际物流通道和中药材人才培养体系,弘扬中医文化,不断加强中国与共建“一带一路”国家的交流与合作。

陆士谔中医及社会变革思想探微

陆士谔是清朝至民国时期的一位著名中医家,也是一位著述等身的小说家。作为医学实践经验丰富的名医,他对中医发展史的阐述展示了其宽广的中医视角,他对中西医关系的论述体现了他对中医的高度信心,他对中医阴阳生克理论以及中医诊断特征的见解体现了其深厚的中医造诣。陆士谔的小说不仅揭露、批判现实,对未来还具有惊人的预言能力。他在中国落后、灾乱频仍时期对百年后中国美好未来的诸多精准预言,令人折服。他对医学新发明的科学幻想,是支撑他超越时代成功预言中国未来的重要思想基础。

构建海外“中医社会健康学”的探讨及SWOT分析

随着中医药在全球受到越来越多的关注,海外中医领域的发展不仅带来了机遇,也面临着多重挑战,如文化差异、法律制约、医疗保险政策以及专业资格认证等问题。特别是在教育和科研方面,仍存在重视临床而忽视科学研究的倾向。近年来,越来越多的海外中医教育机构开始培养出一批拥有博士学位的中医高学历人才,并开始重视科学研究工作。文章探讨了构建“中医社会健康学”作为海外中医从业者进行科学研究的新路径。这一新兴的跨学科领域融合了中医学、社会科学和健康科学的研究方法,旨在深入探讨中医在当代社会中的实践和价值,促进中医的国际化与现代化以及在全球健康领域中的应用。文章首先探讨了社会科学和健康科学对中医研究的贡献,并通过3个补充替代医学的成功案例,展示了社会科学研究方法在推动中医发展中的作用。进一步,文章借助广泛用于商科领域的战略规划工具即SWOT分析框架,全面分析了构建“中医社会健康学”这一学科的内部优势(Strengths)、内部弱势(Weaknesses)、外部机遇(Opportunities)和外部挑战(Threats),旨在对海外中医的发展提供战略性思考和研究方向。此外,“中医社会健康学”对中国内地的中医发展也会有借鉴意义,为中医在本土及国际舞台上的进一步发展提供了全新的视角和研究路径。

Analysis on the Chinese Medicine Syndromes and Demographic Characteristics of Patients with Influenza-Like Illness in Clinics of China

Objective： To investigate Chinese medicine （CM） patterns and epidemiological characters of patients with influenza-like illness （ILI） syndromes in clinics in China. Methods： A prospective multi-center observational epidemiology survey on the clinical CM patterns of ILI and its prevalence was conducted from September 2009 to April 2010. A unified survey questionnaire was developed for data collection of ILI symptoms and CM pattems. Totally 45 hospitals from 22 provinces, municipality cities and autonomous regions of China participated this study. The collected data were input by EPI-data v3.1 and analyzed by SPSS 18.0, which included descriptive analysis and Chi-square test for group comparison. Results： A total of 5,967 ILI patients were included in the study. The proportion of the 18-34 aged group （56.2%） was the largest; students （41.0%） were more than other occupations. Majority of the patients had the wind-heat invading Lung （Fei） syndrome （76%）, while in Southwest China mainly wind-heat invading Lung syndrome and wind-cold tightening the exterior syndrome occurred. The typical symptoms of ILI were ranked as fatigue （80.9%）, cough （72.2%）, sore throat （67.2%）, muscular soreness （67.1%）, headache （65.4%）, aversion to cold （60.1%）, thirst （55.1%） and nasal obstruction （48.1%）. Conclusions： The ILl patients in clinics were mainly teenagers and young adults. In regard to CM syndrome, wind-heat invading Lung syndrome prevailed in all regions except the Southwest China. The characteristics of CM syndrome of ILl patients may be relevant to age and region distribution.

Application Status of Chinese Medicine on Cancer Rehabilitation: A Preliminary Questionnaire Survey

Objective:To investigate the application status of Chinese medicine(CM)in cancer rehabilitation,so as to provide references for improving the level of CM cancer rehabilitation.Methods:A survey questionnaire regarding"application status of CM rehabilitation in cancer patients"for oncologists(doctor version)and cancer patients(patient version)were developed,respectively.From September 2014 to November 2016,a total of 1,000 doctors from oncology department in 48 hospitals and 2,000 cancer patients from CM oncology department from 8 hospitals in China were recruited in this survey.The psychological,nutrition and exercise rehabilitation guidance for cancer patients provided by doctors,their mastery conditions regarding cancer staging treatment and CM syndrome differentiation,and recommendation from doctors on CM rehabilitation were investigated.Cancer patients’awareness on the importance of psychological,nutrition and exercise rehabilitation,as well as their knowledge and needs for rehabilitation were also analyzed.The impact of gender,age,professional title,hospitals grades of physicians on their knowledge of cancer staging treatment and CM syndrome differentiation,and the relationship between gender,age,education level and economic conditions and patient’s knowledge along with the needs of CM rehabilitation were further analyzed.Results:Totally 1,000 questionnaires were issued to doctors and 963 questionnaires returned,among which 948 were valid representing a response rate of 94.80%.A total of 2,000 questionnaires were issued to patients and 1,705 valid data finally returned with a response rate of 85.25%.The survey showed that cancer patients generally paid much attention to psychological,nutritional and sports rehabilitation,and had a strong demand for CM rehabilitation.Knowledge of CM rehabilitation was not well provided by oncologists,and the rehabilitation guidance as well as CM rehabilitation measures were obviously insufficient in cancer patients.Educational and economic levels were positively correlated with cognition level of CM rehabilitation knowledge among cancer patients(Kendall-tau_b correlation coefficients=0.130,0.057,respectively;P<0.05).Gender and education level were positively correlated with the patients’willingness for taking CM measures(Kendall-tau_b correlation coefficient=0.057,0.105,respectively;P<0.05).Age was negatively correlated with intention of applying CM measures(kendall-taub correlation coefficient=–0.105,P<0.05).Conclusions:Health education and professional training for both cancer patients and oncologists should be strengthened and CM rehabilitation knowledge among cancer patients and oncologists should be improved,so as to give full play to CM in cancer rehabilitation.

Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine in medical practice：a survey of community residents in Beijing,China

OBJECTIVE:To investigate how community residents in Beijing understood and used Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) in their medical practice.METHODS:This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 3410 community residents from four large communities of Tongzhou district in Beijng,China.A validated, self-administered questionnaire comprised of three sections was used to gather the data.A systematic sampling procedure was applied to recruit the community residents.RESULTS:A total of 3410 participants completed the questionnaire survey.It showed that in highly educated residents, 33.4%(170) knew of the names of 3-10 Chinese herbals, 35.8%(182) knew of names of 3-10 traditional Chinese patent drug.Among all the respondent residents, 80.7%(2753)believed that TCM herbal therapy and TCM non-drug treatments were effective in disease treatment, health enhancement, 85.7%(2923) had taken traditional Chinese patent drug in their life,56.8%(1937) of residents had used herbal decoction, 40.0%(1365) had received non-drug treatment of TCM, such as acupuncture, massage, cupping, auricular acupuncture.Among the elderly residents, 11.4%(98) often used Chinese patent drug and 9.8%(85) often used herbal decoction.In addition, 70.8%(2415) of residents were willing to accept knowledge and information on TCM for health enhancement and disease prevention, such as medicated diet, medicinal tea, Tai Chi and Qi Gong, although 82.8%(2825) of residents had never used them.CONCLUSION:Chinese patent drug and herbal decoction are widely used in the communities in Beijing, and there existed a possible close correlation between high educational level and better understanding of TCM.Age and occupation also correlated with the attitude to TCM therapies.The characteristics of the residents should be considered seriously in the course of promoting the understanding and application of TCM.

Survey and Practice of Reporting Quality of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials on Traditional Chinese Medicine

Evidence obtained from randomized controlled trials （RCTs） has been generally accepted as the gold standard in the evaluation of clinical effectiveness. Readers need to understand the trial design, implementation, results, analysis and interpretation, so as to fully Jnderstand the results of RCTs. Thus, the investigators of RCTs have to report these items in a complete, accurate and clear manner. Since 1998, we have conducted several evaluations on the reporting quality of RCTs published in Chinese journals on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and results have shown that there is an urgent need for higher quality RCTs on TCM.

The utilization of traditional Chinese medicine and associated factors in Taiwan in 2002

Background Previous studies have noted that there is a high utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） services in Taiwan, China and in western countries, but few studies investigated factors associated with the utilization of TCM in Taiwan. This study analyzes the utilization rate and the factors associated with the utilization of TCM in Taiwan. Methods Data for this study were from the 2002 HPKAP Survey that conducted the face-to-face questionnaire interviews of people aged 15 years and over from October 2002 to March 2003 in Taiwan. This study analyzed the utilization of TCM outpatient services, including admission to the hospital and clinic visits. Results A total of 26 755 participants completed the survey in the six-month period. The data revealed that 10.4% of participants had utilized TCM services in the past one month while 4.2% of participants utilized TCM only （without using Western medicine outpatient services （WM） or Folk therapy （FT））. The average visits of TCM services per patient was higher among people who had utilized TCM and FT services （2.68 visits） than among those who had utilized WM and FT services （2.15 visits） or TCM services alone （2.15 visits） during the previous one month. Younger people （odds ratio OR = 1.78, 95%CI= 1.47-2.16）, women （compared with men）, and people with higher education levels （OR = 1.58, 95%CI= 1.25-1.98） were more likely to visit TCM than compared groups. People with self-reported poor health status （OR = 2.07, 95%CI= 1.76-2.44） and people who exercise regularly （OR = 1.17, 95%CI= 1.07-1.27） had higher ORs to visit TCM service than comparison group. Conclusions There is a high utilization of TCM in Taiwan. Further studies are needed to investigate the related factors and determinants between the utilization of TCM and the utilization of FT in Taiwan.

基于社会生态理论的浙江省城乡居家养老群体中医药服务需求与利用研究

[目的]分析比较城乡居家养老群体中医药服务需求与利用情况,为优化城乡中医药资源,提升老年人群中医药服务利用提供依据。[方法]采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取浙江省65周岁及以上,当地居住至少6个月的居家养老人群。以面对面问卷的方式收集居家养老人群基本特征、健康行为、中医药服务需求和利用情况等。采用χ^(2)检验、Logistic回归分析城乡居家养老人群中医药服务的利用情况和影响因素。[结果]抽样的浙江省居家养老人群1038人中,中医药服务需求人数537人。中医药服务利用人数305人,占需求人群的56.80%。需求人群中,居住地为城市的老年人群中医药服务利用占比高于农村(P<0.001)。退休前职业为政府或企事业单位工作人员和家庭月平均收入2000~5000元以及≥5000元的城市居家养老人群更倾向利用中医药服务(P<0.05);定期体检以及家庭月平均收入≥5000元的农村居家养老人群更倾向利用中医药服务(P<0.05)。[结论]浙江省居家养老中医药服务需求群体中,城市中医药服务利用水平高于农村。家庭月平均收入是影响城乡中医药服务利用的共同因素。

21世纪中医的创新发展——从文化与建制庇护下中医生存谈起

中医既是中国的传统医学,也是中国现代医学的重要组成部分。近代百年以来,中医的发展走过了崎岖之路,包括数次中医的存废之争。每次中医存废之争都由起初的中西医之争,走向了中西文化之争和医学建制之争,而每次中医转危为安,都得益于文化和建制力量的庇护,但并未从根本上解决中医的生存危机问题。只有全面探索中医的理论及实践的创新发展,努力实现21世纪中医“继承、创新、现代化、国际化”的国家发展目标,才能完成从传统中医到现代中医的历史转型,发挥传承中华文化功能,为世界医学和人类发展做出独特贡献。

中医学(社会招生)专业人才培养模式的探索与实践

社会招生是高职高专院校招生的一种新形式,是响应国务院高职院校扩招百万重大决定的号召,也是适应社会发展的重大创新。安徽中医药高等专科学校中医学(社会招生)专业目前已招录三届学生,本文就如何保障中医学(社会招生)的教学质量,实施中医学(社会招生)的教学模式做出探讨并实践,为提高教学质量提供依据,对该专业方向的发展提供指导。

我国中医治未病服务发展问题分析与思考

目的 梳理和分析我国中医治未病服务发展中的关键问题,为完善中医治未病服务政策、推动其可持续发展提供参考。方法 采用文献分析法和社会网络分析方法,运用UCINET工具对文献中的中医治未病服务发展问题进行整理与分析。结果 共纳入102篇文献,提炼出53条中医治未病服务发展过程中的高频问题,将其划分为体制机制、服务提供、文化认知3个维度。在体制机制、服务提供和文化认知3类问题中,中心度最高的问题分别是中医治未病服务绩效评价机制不健全、中医治未病服务资源配置不合理、中医医务人员对中医治未病服务重视不足,为中医治未病服务发展的关键问题。结论 应进一步健全管理体制,优化绩效评价体系;依托医疗联合体调整资源配置结构,完善具有中医治未病服务防治结合及其医防融合特色优势的人才培养模式;激发中医医务人员积极性,增强社会认同。

结构化社交行为干预模式联合中医推拿治疗儿童孤独症的效果分析

目的:分析结构化社交行为干预模式(BSR)联合中医推拿治疗儿童孤独症的效果。方法:选取2022年1月—11月自贡市妇幼保健院收治的50例孤独症患儿,按治疗方式不同分为治疗组(n=26)和对照组(n=24)。治疗组采用BSR模式联合中医推拿进行治疗,对照组仅采用BSR模式治疗。治疗后3、6个月,应用孤独症行为检查量表(ABC)、自闭症儿童心理教育评核(第三版)(PEP-3)进行评分,比较两组治疗效果。结果:治疗组3、6个月,治疗组ABC评估各单项分及总分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PEP-3评估各单项得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:相较于单一BSR模式治疗,结构化社交行为干预模式联合中医推拿能更快提高孤独症患儿的语言能力、认知能力、社会适应能力,能更好控制异常行为。

社会网络分析视角下基层中医药服务发展关键因素探析

目的 探讨影响基层中医药服务发展的关键因素,为基层中医药服务发展提供参考。方法 在梳理以往研究成果的基础上,构建基层中医药服务发展影响因素社会网络分析模型。结果 财政投入、政策法规保障、中医医疗联合体(以下简称“医联体”)建设、医疗保险、基层医疗卫生机构管理水平、居民中医药服务认知、中医药文化传播以及服务可及性等8个因素是影响基层中医药服务发展的关键因素。结论 充分发挥政府部门主导作用、协同推进中医医联体建设与基层医疗卫生机构管理水平的提升、加强中医药文化传播是促进基层中医药服务发展的应有之举。