The ecology of Qilian Mountains has been seriously threatened by uncontrolled grazing and wasteland reclamation. This study examined the ecological changes on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains in China from the p...The ecology of Qilian Mountains has been seriously threatened by uncontrolled grazing and wasteland reclamation. This study examined the ecological changes on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains in China from the perspective of water conservation by classifying different clusters of water conservation functional areas to efficiently use limited human resources to tackle the water conservation protection problem. In this study, we used Integrate Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST) model to estimate water conservation and analyzed the factors that influence the function. The results of this study include:(1) from 2000 to 2015, the water conservation of the southern slope of Qilian Mountains generally showed an increasing trend, and the total water conservation in 2015 increased by 42.18% compared with that in 2000.(2) Rainfall, fractional vegetation cover(FVC), and evapotranspiration have the most significant influence on the water conservation of the study area. Among them, water conservation is positively correlated with rainfall and FVC(P<0.05) and negatively correlated with evapotranspiration(P<0.05).(3) The importance level of water conservation functional areas gradually increases from northwest to southeast, and the region surrounding Menyuan Hui Autonomous County in the southeast of the southern slope of Qilian Mountains is the core water conservation functional area. And(4) the study area was divided into five clusters(Cluster Ⅰ–Cluster Ⅴ) of water conservation, with the areas of Clusters Ⅰ through Ⅴ accounting for 0.58%, 13.74%, 41.23%, 32.43%, and 12.01% of the whole study area, respectively.展开更多
Based on meteorological,hydrological, forest,and grassland data collected by location observation,remote sensing,field surveys and relevant literature during 1956 to 2009,the ecological environment change in northern ...Based on meteorological,hydrological, forest,and grassland data collected by location observation,remote sensing,field surveys and relevant literature during 1956 to 2009,the ecological environment change in northern slope of the Qilianshan Mountains was analyzed synthetically using regression and correlation analyses.The results showed that the temperature had an annual variation rate of 0.033 4℃·a<sup>-1</sup> in northern slope of the Qilianshan Mountains since 1960,and exhibited a raising trend,especially since 1987.The annual variation rate of annual precipitation was 0.570 2 mm·a<sup>-1</sup>,indicating that the precipitation tended to increase.The climate had changed from arid to humid in this region since 1976.From 1956 to 2006,the glacier area of six inland river basin（Shiyanghe river,Heihe river, Beidahe river,Shulehe river,Danghe river and Halternhe river） and Datonghe river basin in northern slope of Qilianshan mountains decreased by 17.7%. Thickness of the glacier reduced about 5-20 m,and the snow line rose about 100-140 m.The Glacier ice reserves in inland river basin of Hexi decreased by 11.4%.From 1972 to 2007,27 glaciers in the eastern section of the Qilianshan Mountains disappeared.From 1956 to 2009,the runoff change in the northern slope of the Qilianshan Mountains was different in different regions.The runoff was reduced significantly in Shiyanghe river basin, increased slightly in Heihe river basin,and increased obviously in Shulehe river basin.From 1958 to 1988, the area of deforestation and farming was more than 10.0 million ha,and the forest area was reduced 0.6 million ha.Since the Qilianshan Mountain Nature Reserve was established in 1989, the forest was restoring gradually because of continual protection and cultivating,and the forest area was increased 9.4 million ha from 1989 to 2008. Due to human interference,especially over-grazing impact,the quality of the wood-land,shrub-land and grass-land in northern slope of the Qilianshan Mountains were in a degraded condition,which resulted in serious harm of forest pests,decrease of shrubbery snow and water-retention capacity and exacerbation of soil erosion.The ecological environment in northern slope of the Qilianshan Mountains was improved in certain regions,but deteriorated in overall region,and the protection and management are needed to be strengthened.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program Project (2017YFC0404304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41361005)。
文摘The ecology of Qilian Mountains has been seriously threatened by uncontrolled grazing and wasteland reclamation. This study examined the ecological changes on the southern slope of Qilian Mountains in China from the perspective of water conservation by classifying different clusters of water conservation functional areas to efficiently use limited human resources to tackle the water conservation protection problem. In this study, we used Integrate Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST) model to estimate water conservation and analyzed the factors that influence the function. The results of this study include:(1) from 2000 to 2015, the water conservation of the southern slope of Qilian Mountains generally showed an increasing trend, and the total water conservation in 2015 increased by 42.18% compared with that in 2000.(2) Rainfall, fractional vegetation cover(FVC), and evapotranspiration have the most significant influence on the water conservation of the study area. Among them, water conservation is positively correlated with rainfall and FVC(P<0.05) and negatively correlated with evapotranspiration(P<0.05).(3) The importance level of water conservation functional areas gradually increases from northwest to southeast, and the region surrounding Menyuan Hui Autonomous County in the southeast of the southern slope of Qilian Mountains is the core water conservation functional area. And(4) the study area was divided into five clusters(Cluster Ⅰ–Cluster Ⅴ) of water conservation, with the areas of Clusters Ⅰ through Ⅴ accounting for 0.58%, 13.74%, 41.23%, 32.43%, and 12.01% of the whole study area, respectively.
文摘Based on meteorological,hydrological, forest,and grassland data collected by location observation,remote sensing,field surveys and relevant literature during 1956 to 2009,the ecological environment change in northern slope of the Qilianshan Mountains was analyzed synthetically using regression and correlation analyses.The results showed that the temperature had an annual variation rate of 0.033 4℃·a<sup>-1</sup> in northern slope of the Qilianshan Mountains since 1960,and exhibited a raising trend,especially since 1987.The annual variation rate of annual precipitation was 0.570 2 mm·a<sup>-1</sup>,indicating that the precipitation tended to increase.The climate had changed from arid to humid in this region since 1976.From 1956 to 2006,the glacier area of six inland river basin（Shiyanghe river,Heihe river, Beidahe river,Shulehe river,Danghe river and Halternhe river） and Datonghe river basin in northern slope of Qilianshan mountains decreased by 17.7%. Thickness of the glacier reduced about 5-20 m,and the snow line rose about 100-140 m.The Glacier ice reserves in inland river basin of Hexi decreased by 11.4%.From 1972 to 2007,27 glaciers in the eastern section of the Qilianshan Mountains disappeared.From 1956 to 2009,the runoff change in the northern slope of the Qilianshan Mountains was different in different regions.The runoff was reduced significantly in Shiyanghe river basin, increased slightly in Heihe river basin,and increased obviously in Shulehe river basin.From 1958 to 1988, the area of deforestation and farming was more than 10.0 million ha,and the forest area was reduced 0.6 million ha.Since the Qilianshan Mountain Nature Reserve was established in 1989, the forest was restoring gradually because of continual protection and cultivating,and the forest area was increased 9.4 million ha from 1989 to 2008. Due to human interference,especially over-grazing impact,the quality of the wood-land,shrub-land and grass-land in northern slope of the Qilianshan Mountains were in a degraded condition,which resulted in serious harm of forest pests,decrease of shrubbery snow and water-retention capacity and exacerbation of soil erosion.The ecological environment in northern slope of the Qilianshan Mountains was improved in certain regions,but deteriorated in overall region,and the protection and management are needed to be strengthened.
