Research Progress of TCM Tongue Diagnosis in Spleen and Stomach Disease

According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine,the tongue is thought to be an outer manifestation of the status of the viscera.It can be divided to spleen-stomach area,liver-gall area,kidney area,and heart-lung area.The tongue coating is formed by stomach-Qi.the tongue,especially spleen-stomach area,and the tongue coating may reflect the status of the spleen and stomach.This article summarizes the research overview of TCM tongue diagnosis in spleen and stomach disease.

A new exploration of spleen and stomach theory to guide children's massage treatment of pediatric diseases

在脾胃理论的指导下,运用“持中央,运四旁,怡情志,脾胃为中心,调理五脏”的治则治法,应用小儿推拿治疗儿科脾胃病及各种急慢性病、疑难病过程中,调理脏腑,标本兼治,取得较好疗效。

Analysis of the Spleen and Stomach Thoughts in Treating Eyelids Diseases in Essential Subtleties on the Silver Sea(《银海精微》)

Essential Subtleties on the Silver Sea(《银海精微》)is a well-known ophthalmology work of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).There are many discourses on eyelids diseases.This paper analyzed the classification of related diseases and their treatment methods and intends to sort out the pathogenesis of eyelids diseases related to the spleen and stomach function in TCM,thus inspiring new treatment ideas and guiding clinical treatment.Through the sorting out,it is found that the eyelids diseases are closely related to the function of the spleen and stomach such as the Qi(气)and blood generation and transformation,the blood circulation,and the Yin(阴)-Yang(阳)harmony.The corresponding treatments are various,including expelling the pathogen,moving Qi(气)and invigorating blood,warming and activating the spleen Yang(阳).

Beh et's disease complicated by multiple aseptic abscesses of the liver and spleen

Aseptic abscesses are an emergent entity and have been described in inflammatory bowel disease,especially in Crohn's disease,and in other diseases.However,aseptic abscesses associated with Beh et's disease are extremely rare.We report a Japanese male diagnosed with an incomplete type of Beh et's disease who developed multiple aseptic abscesses of the spleen and liver.In 2002,the spleen abscesses were accompanied by paroxysmal oral aphthous ulcers and erythema nodosum.As the patient's response to antibiotic treatment was inadequate,a splenectomy was performed.Severe inflammatory cell infiltration,largely of polymorphonuclear neutrophils,was observed without evidence of bacterial or fungal growth.Although the patient had no history of ocular symptoms or genital ulcers,a diagnosis of incomplete Beh et's disease was made according to the Japanese diagnostic criteria because of the presence of paroxysmal arthritis and epididymitis since 2002.In 2005,multiple liver abscesses developed with right hypochondrial pain and seemed to be attributed to Beh et's disease because the abscesses yielded negative results during a microbiologic investigation and failed to go into remission under antibiotic therapy.Oral prednisone(15 mg/d) was started in May 2006,and the abscesses dramatically disappeared 4 wk after treatment.Although the patient had a relapse of the liver abscesses in association with the tapering of prednisone,the augmentation of prednisone dosage yielded a response.The abscesses of the liver and spleen were strongly suggested to be attributed to Beh et's disease.Clinician should be aware of the existence of aseptic abscesses as uncommon manifestations of Beh et's disease.

Castleman's disease of the spleen

Castleman's disease(CD) is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of unknown etiology.Clinically,it occurs as a localized(unicentric) disease or as a systemic(multicentric) disease.Unicentric Castleman's disease(UCD) presents as a solitary mass and primarily affects the mediastinal,retroperitoneal,and cervical lymph nodes.In contrast to multicentric CD,which involves peripheral lymphadenopathy and numerous systemic symptoms,UCD is not typically associated withgeneralized symptoms.Three main distinct histologic variants are recognized:hyaline-vascular type,plasma cell type,and mixed type.Extranodal CD is rare.Specifically,UCD exclusively in the spleen is extremely rare,with only 2 cases described in the literature to date.Here,we describe an asymptomatic 75-yearold man with a 5.7 cm × 4.5 cm sized heterogenous enhanced mass located in the spleen.He underwent surgical resection for diagnosis and treatment.A pathologic examination indicated the hyaline-vascular type of CD.In this patient,the preoperative diagnosis was difficult to determine,and therefore,invasive procedures were required.

Crohn's disease of esophagus,stomach and duodenum

Crohn's disease with involvement of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum has a prevalence of 0.5% to 4% in symptomatic adult patients, but some studies have shown that these results may be underestimated, since upper gastrointestinal endoscopy is not performed routinely in the initial evaluation of the disease in adult patients, as it is in the pediatric population. In general, involvement of the upper gastrointestinal tract in Crohn's disease occurs concomitantly with involvement of the lower gastrointestinal tract. The diagnosis depends on clinical,endoscopic, histological and radiological evaluation. The presence of aphthoid ulcers, longitudinal ulcers, bamboo-joint-like appearance, stenoses and fistulas are endoscopic findings suggestive of the disease, and it is important to exclude the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection. The primary histological findings,which facilitate the diagnosis, are the presence of a chronic inflammatory process with a predominance of lymphoplasmacytic cells and active focal gastritis. The presence of epithelioid granuloma, although less frequent, is highly suggestive of the disease in the absence of chronic granulomatous disease. Treatment should include the use of proton pump inhibitors associated with corticosteroids,immunomodulators and biological therapy according to the severity of the disease.

Clinical Experience of Professor Du Xiaoquan's Treatment of Spleen and Spleen Disease

Professor du Xiaoquan is a famous Chinese medicine in Shaanxi Province,a master's tutor,a professor of Shaanxi University of traditional Chinese Medicine,a director of the Department of traditional Chinese Medicine,and a professor of Shen Shuwen,a national famous old Chinese medicine.

李延从脾胃论治冠心病的临床经验

冠心病为临床中常见的心血管疾病,可归属中医学的“胸痹”“心痛”等疾病范畴。李延教授认为本病之病性总属本虚标实之证,以脾虚、脾胃健运失常为本,标实在于痰浊、血瘀、气滞、寒凝等有形实邪痹阻心脉。治疗时重视调理脾胃,重用黄芪、白术、党参、五味子等健脾养心以治本,结合通阳化浊、活血化瘀、疏肝理气、温阳散寒等治法,标本兼治,通补兼顾,使脾气健旺,心气充沛,瘀去痰消,胸阳得以舒展,则心之血脉恢复畅通,胸痹心痛诸症得到缓解。李延教授从脾胃论治冠心病的经验可为中医临床诊治冠心病提供参考。

陆氏健脾和胃针刺法治疗代谢综合征的随机对照研究

目的:观察陆氏健脾和胃针刺法治疗代谢综合征(MetS)的临床疗效。方法:选取2020年3月至2022年3月于上海市第七人民医院就诊的MetS患者90例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组45例。对照组采用健康宣教及常规药物治疗,观察组在此基础上加用陆氏健脾和胃针刺法。比较2组患者治疗前后体质量、腰围、体质量指数(BMI)、血脂、血糖、血压的变化。结果:意向性治疗(ITT)分析结果显示,2组患者各时间点体质量、腰围及BMI均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.05),且观察组各时间点体质量、腰围及BMI显著低于对照组(P<0.05);2组患者治疗后血清总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)均较治疗前下降(P<0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)明显上升(P<0.05),治疗后观察组TC、TG、HDL-C变化幅度较对照组更显著(P<0.05);2组患者治疗后空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)均比治疗前降低(P<0.05),治疗后观察组FPG、HbA1c及HOMA-IR值均比对照组降低明显(P<0.05)。2组患者治疗前后血压指标无明显变化(P>0.05),针刺期待值与临床疗效无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论:陆氏健脾和胃法针刺法能有效降低MetS患者的体质量、腰围、BMI,改善血脂、血糖水平,并且具有良好的远期疗效。

从“气化”浅述国医大师葛琳仪运用风药治疗脾胃病之学术思想

[目的]介绍国医大师葛琳仪教授(以下简称葛教授)分层次施用风药辨治脾胃病的临床特色及其临证经验。[方法]通过理论溯源,跟师随诊,整理并分析葛教授基于气化理论运用风药治疗脾胃系疾病的临床医案,总结葛教授巧施风药辨治脾胃病的思路、心得和用药特色,并附医案一则加以佐证。[结果]气化是生命的基本活动,气化异常是疾病产生的重要原因。葛教授指出,脾胃病的基本病机是“气化异常”,常从“气化”切入,巧施风药以调畅气机,恢复脾升胃降功能,维稳五脏气机,具体分为四个层次:以风药疏肝和脾、壮气运脾、燥湿健脾以及搜风通络养脾。常用的风药有柴胡、防风、黄芪、升麻、佛手、紫苏梗、苍术、娑罗子、桑叶、藿香、草果、厚朴、佩兰、徐长卿、炒僵蚕等及其组成的药对、药串。[结论]葛教授临证精于辨证,从“气”切入,按不同层次巧施风药治疗脾胃病,特色鲜明,疗效显著,其学术思想值得临床借鉴和推广。

丁书文从脾胃论治心系疾病的临证应用

丁书文教授推崇李东垣的脾胃内伤学说,强调脾胃在人体脏腑功能中的重要性,主张心系疾病从脾胃论治。丁书文教授基于李东垣的学术思想,创立了心系疾病“热毒”学说,指出心系热毒是脾胃功能失调、湿痰瘀热胶结导致。治疗既治心系疾病之标,亦调脾胃后天之本。

国医大师杨春波辨治脾胃湿热证胃肠病经验

杨春波教授为全国第3届国医大师,擅长运用“脾胃湿热”理论诊治胃肠系统疾患。杨老认为,脾胃湿热由内外因素共同作用而成,应从“三因制宜”角度辨识脾胃湿热证胃肠病的个体化病因病机及临床特征。针对脾胃湿热证胃肠病的辨治用药,杨老以清化湿热、调气舒络为总治则,创制“清化饮”为基本方,并结合辨析寒热、分利三焦、顾护正气、扶正防邪等辨治心得立方。作者结合杨老临床验案,阐述杨老辨治脾胃湿热证胃肠病的临证经验,以期对指导临床诊治有所裨益。

探究李东垣从脾胃防治肺系疫病思想及现代应用

探讨李东垣脾胃藏象的现代科学内涵、疫病辨治学术思想、防疫“治未病”思想、肺系疫病治则治法等,探究其肺系疫病证治经验。李东垣创立的脾胃藏象学说与现代医学中的消化系统、免疫系统、呼吸系统等关系密切,疫病辨治思想主要包括“疫病防治,首在辨证”“疫病诡变,不拘古方”“疫病防治,主治未病”,其防疫“治未病”思想亦基于脾胃藏象系统,善从脾胃论治肺系疫病,有关肺系疫病的主要治法包括“风升辟秽,透达调神”“斡旋中焦,健复气机”“清涤脏腑,予邪出路”等。

基于五脏相关学说探讨以心脾相关理论治疗脾胃病的思路与临床应用

从心脾相关理论源流、心脾关系辨析出发,探讨基于心脾相关理论的脾胃病病因病机与治疗方法,认为心脾相关理论萌芽于秦汉、发展于晋唐,兴盛于宋元,完善于明清,成熟于近代。在相互关系方面,心脾通过经络、五行、气血、精神情志相关,并在现代研究中的脑-肠轴学说中得到验证。在病因病机方面,火衰土虚、心火乘脾、心脾两虚、心胃不和是心脾相关理论中的最常见的脾胃病发病机制。临床治疗时,可针对各个病机分别以益火补土、泻心扶脾、补心健脾、调心安脾为核心治疗方法。在用药方面,以附子、干姜、桂枝、炙甘草温补心阳,以黄芪、黄连补脾泻火,以黄芪、人参、龙眼肉、当归补心健脾,以首乌藤、玫瑰花、合欢皮等调养心神以安脾胃。

全国名老中医药专家常小荣基于“经脉-脏腑相关”理论辨治脾胃病特色探骊

常小荣教授认为“经脉-脏腑相关”是经络学说的核心理论,对临床工作有重要指导意义。总结常小荣教授基于“经脉-脏腑相关”理论辨治脾胃病的学术经验,在临床诊治脾胃病过程中注重经脉辨证与脏腑辨证相结合,治则以调畅中焦、调和五脏气机为要,辨证严谨,选穴精准,以四白、梁门、足三里为治疗脾胃病的基础用穴,并注重灸法的运用。常小荣教授提倡学习经典与继承创新,坚持研究与临床相结合,为传承发展“经脉-脏腑相关”理论作出了重大贡献。

基于解痉多肽表达化生病证结合的小鼠模型探讨胃癌前病变脾胃虚实证候的本质

目的为了构建病证结合的小鼠模型及进行胃癌前病变(gastric precancerous lesions,GPL)脾胃虚实证候的本质研究。方法采用他莫昔芬(tamoxifen,TMXFR)诱导构建解痉多肽表达化生(spasmolytic peptide expression metagenesis,SPEM)小鼠模型,并在SPEM模型基础上分别模拟构建脾胃湿热证、脾气虚证模型,结合TMXFR诱导的SPEM模型具有自恢复的特性,以TMXFR组及生理盐水处理组作为对照组,监测小鼠一般情况,HE染色检测SPEM模型的构建及恢复情况,ELISA检测小鼠血清胃泌素水平,PCR检测各组小鼠胃黏膜中miR-7a-5p含量,免疫组化检测各组小鼠胃黏膜中白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、白细胞介素-13(interleukin-13,IL-13)表达。结果病证结合的脾胃湿热证、脾气虚证组较TMXFR组、SPEM组织恢复明显延迟;脾胃湿热证较对照组及TMXFR组的胃泌素表达异常升高(P<0.05),SPEM模型组小鼠胃黏膜中miR-7a-5p较对照组水平降低(P<0.05),病证结合的脾胃虚实组miR-7a-5p表达较TMXFR有下降趋势;病证结合的脾胃虚实组IL-1β表达较TMXFR组、对照组升高(P<0.05),脾胃湿热证、脾气虚证组中IL-13表达有升高趋。结论此项研究结果侧面证实了在癌前病灶已形成的前提下,虽无幽门螺杆菌感染,在外感湿热之邪、进食肥甘厚腻、饥饱失常、过劳伤脾等诱因下,机体可突破自身代偿修复能力,延缓SPEM恢复甚至使GPL进一步进展。这可能跟miR-7a-5p介导炎症因子IL-1β使得Th1/Th2细胞失衡相关,但具体机制尚待进一步研究。

Logistic逐步回归分析方法在模拟专家辨证诊断中的应用研究

目的 :模拟专家辨证诊断的经验 ,便于编制电脑专家诊断系统。方法 :运用现代多元统计 Logis-tic逐步回归分析方法 ,按照诊断树的步骤计算出诊断树各枝杈和尾端各证型的诊断指数和 Logistic回归方程。按诊断树各枝杈证型出现的概率连乘求出尾端证型 (总的辨证分型 )的概率。结果 :Logistic逐步回归分析预测虚和实的结果与专家诊断的总符合率为 88% ;主证的总的符合率为 93.8% ;兼证的总符合率为79.7%。结论 :Logistic逐步回归分析方法充分考虑了每一个变量和诊断树每一个枝杈对证的贡献度 ,符合专家临床逻辑思维过程和接近临床实际。

国医大师韩明向基于“内伤脾胃,百病由生”理论论治慢性咳嗽

基于“内伤脾胃,百病由生”理论论述国医大师韩明向治疗慢性咳嗽的临床经验。韩明向教授认为,慢性咳嗽的病因较为复杂,内伤脾胃与慢性咳嗽的发病有着密切的联系,“肺脾亏虚是内因,痰、瘀贯穿始终”为主要矛盾,肺脾失调为慢性咳嗽的重要因素。因此,韩明向教授在慢性咳嗽治疗上不局限于肺,运用“培土生金”这一核心治法,肺脾同治,灵活用药,多脏腑施治,疗效可观,结合验案进一步佐证。

李东垣从形神论治眼病

眼科疾病是李东垣诊疗的特色病种之一,其治疗眼病注重形神同调,调形尤重调理脾胃,调神尤重潜降心火。在眼科用药中善于运用苦寒药配伍风药以清热泻火,运用甘温之品配伍甘凉质润及酸寒敛阴之品以养血益阴,运用益气健脾配伍升提清阳之品以调理脾胃,重视目与经脉的联系,细心洞察以知病变之经脉,调病变之经脉以疗目疾。除用药治疗外,李东垣还重视非药物疗法,强调宁心少语以调摄心神,充分体现了其形神同调治疗眼病的学术特色,对后世眼病治疗具有重要的借鉴意义。

关于小儿脾胃疾病相关方剂配伍规律的文献研究

目的 运用数据挖掘方法对近年来关于小儿脾胃疾病的相关研究进行研究分析,以揭示治疗小儿脾胃疾病的选方用药及其方剂配伍规律。方法 通过文献检索从中国知网数据库查找近两年来治疗小儿脾胃疾病的相关文献,筛选符合纳入标准的文献运用频次分析、关联规则分析、因子分析等数据挖掘方法进行数据分析。结果 小儿脾胃疾病主要证型分布有脾胃虚弱、脾胃湿热、脾胃虚寒、乳食积滞。主要选用方剂频次使用前五的依次为四君子汤、参苓白术散、藿香正气散、异功散、保和丸。主要用药有白术、甘草、茯苓、陈皮、半夏、山楂、薏苡仁、桔梗、神曲、藿香、山药、厚朴、白扁豆、麦芽、大腹皮、砂仁、白芷、鸡内金、黄芪、人参。方剂配伍高频药对有白术—茯苓、白术—山楂、山楂—鸡内金、陈皮—白术、白术—人参,半夏—厚朴、山药—薏苡仁、藿香—茯苓、砂仁—鸡内金、山药—茯苓、陈皮—山楂。使用因子分析发现高频药组有茯苓—人参—白术—甘草,山药—薏苡仁—山楂—神曲—麦芽,陈皮—半夏—厚朴—砂仁—鸡内金。结论 临床关于小儿脾胃疾病的治疗主要从脾胃虚弱、脾胃湿热、脾胃虚寒、乳食积滞几大证型辨证论治,遣方用药则以补虚、化湿、消食为主,多运用补气剂、祛湿剂以及消食剂加减以治之,以达补益脾胃功能,健脾助运、燥湿和胃、消食化积之效。