Application Effect of Remote Ultrasound Teaching in Standardized Residency Training

Objective:To explore the application effect of remote ultrasound teaching in the standardized training of residents.Methods:42 students who participated in the standardized residency training in the Department of Ultrasonography of our hospital from August 2022 to August 2023 were selected and divided into the control group(n=21)and the observation group(n=21)by using the random number table method.The control group was taught routinely,and the observation group was taught with remote ultrasound on the basis of the control group.The general data,teaching effect,ultrasound diagnostic compliance rate,and teaching satisfaction of the participants in the two groups were observed.Results:The baseline data of the two groups were not statistically significant(P>0.05);the theoretical and practical assessment scores of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group(t=2.491,t=2.434,P=0.05);the ultrasound diagnostic compliance rate of the participants in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(78.33%)(χ2=33.574,P=0.000<0.001);the overall satisfaction rate of students in the observation group(20/95.24%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(14/66.67%)(χ2=3.860,P=0.049<0.05).Conclusion:In standardized residency training,remote ultrasound teaching can effectively improve the comprehensive ability of students,enhance diagnostic accuracy,and improve students’teaching satisfaction.

Exploration of the Integration of Curriculum Ideology and Politics into the Educational Pathway of Standardized Training for General Practice Residents

In recent years,the national higher education reform has proposed the concept of curriculum ideological and political education as a major element.This integration into the standardized training of general practice residents(commonly referred to as general resident training)is an unavoidable trend in the teaching field.Based on the actual situation of our unit at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University,this paper emphasizes the necessity of incorporating ideological and political education into the general resident training curriculum,despite the absence of pertinent practical experience in how to effectively incorporate such courses into comprehensive residential training.In our hospital,we must assess the ideological and political education in the curriculum of general resident training,proposing a scientific,reasonable ideological and political education concept system for general practice courses,integrating ideological and political education with general practice resident training,and strengthening the team of ideological and political education physicians to teach them to carry out such education,this would foster enthusiasm and initiative.Strengthening admission education and training for general practice resident training,as well as regularly hosting symposiums to share ideas and understand the mission of doctors can provide effective experience for ideological and political education in general resident training courses.

Analysis on the results of graduate examination for standardized medical residency training in general hospital---- Takes The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University as an example

[ 目的] 对昆明医科大学第一附属医院（ 以下简称昆医附一院）2016 -2017年住院医师规范化培训结 业综合考核结果进行分析和总结,查找培训过程中存在的问题,提出提高住院医师规范化培训质量的建议. [方法] 将云南省住院医师规范化培训管理平台中公布的昆医附-院2016 - 2017年住院医师规范化培训结业综 合考核的结果录入Excel, 按照考试站点各专业考核情况进行分类统计,并对数据进行分析.[结果] 各站点考 试的合格率分别为综合知识部分95.26%,辅助检查部分88.23%,病史采集部分97.64%,体格检查部分 96. 14% ,病例分析部分97.21%,临床操作部分94.21%,门诊病例书写部分97.42%,医患沟通部分98.07%. 各专业综合考核第-阶段的不合格率：最高的为泌尿外科63. 64 %,最低的为内科学6.25%.各专业综合考核 第二阶段的不合格率：最高的为神经内科33.33%,最低的为超声科6. 67 %.[结论] 结业考核结果中,除辅助 检查部分外,其余七站均达到90 %以上的合格率,说明辅助检查判读的部分是该院参培住院医师的薄弱环节, 应加强检查结果判读培训,以确保提高住院医师规范化培训的综合质量.

Exploring the Application Effect of Flipped Classroom Combined with Problem-Based Learning Teaching Method in Clinical Skills Teaching of Standardized Training for Resident Doctors of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective: To explore the application effect of flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method in clinical skills teaching of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods: The study used the experimental control method. The study lasted from September to November 2022. The subjects of this study were 49 students of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine from grades 2020, 2021 and 2022 of Dazhou integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital. They were randomly divided into experiment group (25) and control group (24). The experiment group adopted flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method, and the control group adopted traditional teaching method. The teaching content was 4 basic clinical skill projects, including four diagnoses of traditional Chinese Medicine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, dressing change procedure, acupuncture and massage. The evaluation method was carried out by comparing the students’ performance and a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the students’ evaluation of the teaching method. Results: The test scores of total scores in the experimental group (90.12 ± 5.89) were all higher than those in the control group (81.47 ± 7.96) (t = 4.53, P P Conclusions: The teaching process of the flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method is conducive to improving the efficiency of classroom teaching, cultivating students’ self-learning ability, and enhancing students’ willingness to learn.

Effectiveness of Participatory Teaching Methods in the Standardized Training of Respiratory Medicine Residents

Objective:To explore and analyze the application effect of participatory teaching method in the standardized training of respiratory medicine residents.Methods:The study period was from May 2022 to May 2023.20 doctors in the standardized training of respiratory medicine residency in our hospital were taken as research subjects and grouped into the participatory group(n=10)and the routine group(n=10)by using the random number lottery method.The participatory group practised participatory teaching methods,and the routine group practised routine teaching methods.The results of discharge assessment,teaching evaluation,and mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise(mini-CEX)assessment were compared between the groups.Results:The theoretical assessment,operational assessment,and total scores of the participatory group were significantly higher than those of the routine group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The teaching evaluation of independent learning,theoretical mastery,teamwork,clinical thinking,communication,and learning interest of the participatory group was significantly higher than that of the routine group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The mini-CEX assessments of history inquiry,organizational effectiveness,professionalism,physical examination,clinical diagnosis,communication skills,and overall clinical competence of the participatory group were significantly better than those of the routine group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The teaching satisfaction of the participatory group was significantly higher than that of the routine group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Participatory teaching methods can improve the overall level of doctors in the respiratory medicine residency standardized training,and the teaching satisfaction is improved.

Application Research of Fragmented Case Teaching in Standardized Training of Residents in Anesthesiology Department

Objective:To explore the effect of fragmented case teaching in the standardized training of residents in anesthesiology department.Methods:80 doctors who participated in the standardized training of residents in anesthesiology department from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the research objects,and the 80 doctors were divided into experimental groups according to the clinical teaching mode(n=40,implemented case fragmented teaching method)and the control group(n=40,traditional teaching method).The training lasted for 2 months,and the medical history collection,medical record analysis,practical operation ability,theoretical assessment results,and the degree of satisfaction towards the training of the two groups of doctors were compared.Results:After 2 months of training,the theoretical knowledge and operational ability of the doctors in the two groups have improved to a certain extent,but the medical history collection,medical record analysis,practical operation ability,theoretical assessment results and satisfaction of the doctors in the experimental group were significantly better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The effect of the fragmented case teaching method in the standardized training of anesthesiology residents is significantly better than the traditional teaching mode.The abilities of doctors have significantly improved after the training.Hence,the fragmented case teaching method is worthy of promotion in clinical practice.

Standardized training for resident doctors in China

Medical graduates are not fully trained physicians when they leave medical school.Currently,standardized training for resident doctors in most hospitals in China is carried out according to the Ministry of Health guidelines.However,these guidelines provide only outline guidance,and specific resident training is managed independently by and varies with individual institutions.Therefore,it is important to study training demand to learn about the content and emphasis of training.

Ophthalmology residency training in Jordan:an evaluation of quality and comparison with international standards

AIMTo evaluate Jordanian ophthalmology residency programs in achieving competencies outlined by the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) and residents' satisfaction with available training programs in Jordan, and to highlight weakness points that may be improved and strengthened.

Application Experience of Quality Feedback in Standardized Practical Skills Training for Clinicopathology Residents

In recent years,there are increasingly more standardized trainings for doctors based on the standardized training outline that is suitable for different grades.Hierarchical training has gradually formed a relatively sound training mode.In reflecting students’learning effect,there is a need for an ideal quality feedback system in the standardized practical skills training for clinical pathology residents.This feedback system can help students achieve the training objectives through understanding and grasping the learning content.

5A教学模式在普通外科住院医师规范化培训中的应用

目的探讨5A教学模式在普通外科住院医师规范化培训中的应用效果。方法采用随机对照研究方法,以2020年1月至2022年12月在解放军总医院第一医学中心普通外科医学部接受住院医师规范化培训并进入本研究团队主诊组轮转学习的学员为研究对象,随机分为试验组和对照组。试验组20名,采用5A教学模式;对照组20名,采用传统教学模式。对2组学员进行理论考核、临床技能考核和综合能力考核,记录考核成绩,并比较2组的教学效果。结果相对于对照组,试验组学员在消毒铺巾、切开缝合和腔镜技能考核3个方面的成绩得到提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组学员在团队协作和科学研究2个方面的成绩高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组学员带教满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论5A教学模式可以显著提高学员的临床实践操作、团队协作和科学研究能力,可作为普通外科住院医师规范化培训的有效教学方法。

基于临床路径的多元混合教学法在内分泌住院医规范化培训中的探索

目的探讨基于临床路径(CP)的多元混合教学法在内分泌住院医规范化培训中的教学效果。方法对2020年1月-2020年12月内分泌科轮转的内科及全科住院医规范化培训97学员按照入科时间分为对照组(CPL+PBL+CBL)和观察组(CPL+PBL+改良CBL),通过教学效果、学员岗位胜任力、教学满意度三个维度进行定量研究。结果两组间出科考试理论成绩、教学满意度差异无显著性,P>0.05。观察组学员病例分析能力和岗位胜任力(CCMTV住培管理系统中360度评估)优于对照组,P<0.05。结论以CP教学法为基础,联合PBL、CBL教学法的多元混合教学模式适用于内分泌住院医规范化培训,在此基础上改良CBL教学法有利于学员临床思维和岗位胜任力的培养。基于临床路径的混合教学法在内分泌住院医规范化培训中具有良好的应用前景。

教师模拟标准化病人联合临床医师技能培训考试系统教学模式应用于住院医师规范化培训中的效果

目的探讨教师模拟标准化病人(TSP)联合临床医师技能培训考试系统(OSCE)教学模式应用于住院医师规范化培训(以下简称“规培”)中的效果。方法选取2022年8月至2023年8月在潍坊医学院附属医院接受规培的住院医师60名,按随机抽签法分为两组,对照组30名培训过程中应用传统教学模式,研究组30名培训中应用TSP联合OSCE教学模式。比较两组规培医师培训前后的培训效果、综合能力及对规培医师对教学模式认同度。结果研究组培训后的理论、实践操作成绩均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组培训后的迷你临床演练评估(Mini-CEX)、批判性思维能力测量表(CTDI-CV)评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组规培医师对教学模式的认同度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论TSP联合OSCE教学模式应用于住院医师规培中可有效提升其成绩及综合能力,且规培医师对此教学模式的认同度较高。

“双导师制”管理在麻醉专业学位研究生与住培并轨教育中的应用

目的:在麻醉学专业学位研究生与住培并轨教育中引入“双导师制”协同管理模式,探究该模式在提升教育质量与学生职业能力方面的有效性。方法:本研究选取中国医科大学附属盛京医院麻醉专业的60名硕士研究生为对象,通过随机数字表法分为对照组(n=30)与试验组(n=30)。对照组采用传统单导师教学模式,而试验组则实施创新的“双导师制”模式。试验组研究生除了接受学位导师的科研指导外,还配备经验丰富的住培导师,专注于临床实践能力的培养。本研究通过研究生自评问卷与专业考核成绩对教育效果进行评估。结果:相较于对照组,试验组在自评问卷和专业考核成绩上表现更佳(P<0.05)。结论:“双导师制”管理模式的引入显著提高了麻醉专业学位研究生的教育质量,有效增强了学生的专业能力和实践技能。

应用临床教学五步法进行形成性评价提升住院医师医患沟通能力

目的研究应用临床教学五步法进行形成性评价提升住院医师医患沟通能力。方法采用自身对照的队列研究方法,由参与研究的指导医师对自愿纳入研究的住院医师进行5次关于医患沟通技能的形成性评价,每次均应用临床教学五步法进行反馈指导。对形成性评价前后住院医师的自评和他评结果进行对比分析。结果21名住院医师纳入研究。第5次形成性评价得分(90.00±2.47)分与第1次得分(61.24±9.86)分相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。18名住院医师完成自评问卷,结果提示,应用临床教学五步法进行形成性评价后,住院医师更注意在沟通前了解患方的社会文化背景,并据此拟定不同沟通策略。在沟通中,住院医师更注意观察患者的表情和语气的变化,主动询问患者的理解程度、治疗期望和意愿(P<0.05)。结论应用教学五步法进行形成性评价可有效提升住院医师医患沟通能力。

麻醉科住院医师职业倦怠现状调查与研究

目的采用调查问卷收集国内麻醉科住院医师的职业倦怠现状,分析影响职业倦怠的相关因素。方法选择全国218家医院的麻醉专科共2651名在职在岗的麻醉科住院医师为研究对象。通过问卷星设计和发放电子问卷,收集人口统计学特征、职业相关特征、心理弹性评分(康纳-戴维森复原力量表)。采用职业倦怠量表(MBI-HSS)对医师职业倦怠情况进行评估。对发生职业倦怠和非职业倦怠的医师进行组间比较,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析医师职业倦怠的危险因素。结果本次问卷有效回收1990份,回收率77.7%。住院医师职业倦怠发生率为53.4%(1063/1990)。与未发生职业倦怠的住院医师比较,职业倦怠的医师女性比例、三级医院比例、未婚比例、遇到有挑战的病例频率、参与值班和有科研任务比例明显升高,每周工作时间明显延长(P<0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR=1.58,95%CI 1.28~1.97,P<0.01)、工作时间延长(OR=1.62,95%CI 1.45~1.81,P<0.01)、遇到有挑战的病例频率延长(OR=1.11,95%CI 1.11~1.40,P<0.01)是职业倦怠的危险因素,心理弹性评分升高是职业倦怠的保护因素(OR=0.86,95%CI 0.84~0.88,P<0.01)。结论麻醉科住院医师职业倦怠发生率偏高,应重点关注并针对提升心理弹性且设计切实可行的预防规范措施,保证住院医师群体的身心健康。

“清单式培训、积分制管理”模式在骨科住院医师规范化培训中的探索

目的探讨“清单式培训、积分制管理”模式在骨科住院医师规范化培训中的应用的效果。方法参照《住院医师规范化培训基地认定标准》和《住院医师规范化培训内容与标准》的骨科培训要求,组织骨科带教老师制定《住院医师规培骨科常见病、多发病清单》和《住院医师规培骨科核心手术操作技术清单》,选取非骨科专业住院医师,依据上述清单进行骨科培训学习和积分统计并进行出科考核(观察组);采用传统培训方式的住院医师为对照组。最后对两组教学效果包括理论及操作能力考核、教学满意度问卷进行比较。结果观察组理论考核成绩平均为(87.3±5.4)分,操作能力考核成绩平均为(78.7±5.3)分;对照组理论成绩平均为(84.5±6.7)分,操作能力成绩平均为(73.8±5.7)分;两组操作能力成绩差异有统计学意义。教学满意度方面,观察组优于对照组。观察组学生自评结果显示诊断与治疗能力提高得分为(7.9±0.7)分,操作能力提高为(7.7±0.7)分,学习兴趣为(8.0±0.6)分,综合评价得分为(8.1±0.7)分。结论“清单式培训、积分制管理”模式对提高骨科住院医师掌握骨科常见病和基本手术操作能力起到一定作用。

分层递进教学模式在普外科住院医师规范化培训中的应用探索

住院医师规范化培训是促进我国医学规范化发展,提高整体医疗卫生水平的重要途径。分层递进模式是国家对住院医师规范化培训工作提出的新要求,旨在满足不同阶段学员的诉求,有力地保障规范化培训的教学质量。普外科作为外科系统中的最大专科,具有技能操作多,知识涉及面广、学员人数多且能力水平不一等特点。分层递进教学模式在普外科的临床教学中具有重要的现实意义,是满足不同水平轮转学员要求的重要方式,也是各教学基地积极探索的重要领域。目前多家住培基地对分层递进教学模式进行了积极的尝试和探索,但有不同的认识和看法。北京朝阳医院普外科通过入科教育来摸清学员特点,在“三基”培训、科研能力培养、医德医风教育、出科考核内容等方面探索分层递进的具体措施并总结经验,希望能为分层递进教学工作的开展提供一定的参考。

全科住院医师规范化培训师资开展教学门诊的意愿及影响因素研究

背景全科住院医师规范化培训(以下简称住培)师资开展规范的教学门诊是培养合格全科医生的关键环节,2021年7月中国医师协会组织专家修订了《全科专业住院医师规范化培训全科教学门诊规范(试行)》,全国各全科住培基地均参照此规范开展教学门诊。然而现阶段各住培基地教学门诊的实施仍处于探索阶段,且重视程度不足,教学门诊质量不高、开展形式不规范现象普遍存在。目的了解全科住培师资开展教学门诊的意愿和影响因素,并分析开展教学门诊的难点与困惑,提出思考与建议。方法于2021年10月—2023年11月,以参加广东省省级全科住培普通师资培训班、骨干师资培训班的全科住培师资为调查对象(n=1003)。采用自行设计的问卷对纳入师资进行调查,内容涉及师资的基本情况、工作情况及全科教学门诊带教情况。通过“问卷星”平台制作电子问卷,并实现问卷的线上发放和回收。结果全科师资的平均年龄为(40.7±14.1)岁,724名(72.18%)师资所在机构开设了全科教学门诊,792名(78.96%)有带教意愿,710名(70.79%)无带教经验,904名(90.13%)自评带教能力为60~89分,583名(58.13%)未接受过全科教学门诊师资培训,462名(46.06%)期望以多种类型培训相结合的形式开展师资培训,分别有417名(41.58%)和309名(30.81%)认为全科教学门诊的教学难点是指导全科住院医师在全科门诊独立接诊患者和分层教学,377名(37.59%)认为最难实现的教学目的是指导全科住院医师掌握全科临床思维、提高其临床决策能力,216名(21.54%)认为全科住院医师最需要的培训内容是问诊技巧,456名(45.46%)认为所在机构未开展/不愿意开展教学门诊的原因为缺乏时间。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,所在机构开设全科教学门诊情况、带教经验、自评带教能力、接受全科教学门诊师资培训情况是全科师资教学门诊带教意愿的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论大部分全科住培师资愿意开展全科教学门诊,但存在带教经验、带教培训、带教能力不足等困难。建议优化和规范全科教学门诊、加强全科教学门诊师资的全科理念培训、强化带教激励措施、完善住培师资监督和反馈机制,以提升全科教学门诊质量。

精神科住培医师置信职业行为评价指标体系的构建

目的:置信职业行为指受训者具备被信任的能力后,能够独立执行和完成的具体临床任务。本研究构建适合精神科住培医师置信职业行为评价指标体系,为制定培训策略及考核标准提供参考依据。方法:通过文献分析、半结构访谈建立精神科住培医师置信职业行为条目库,对全国7所国家级住培基地、3所医学院校的63名精神科领域专家进行德尔菲咨询,全面筛选与整理指标,并结合层次分析法确定各级指标及其权重。结果:构建了包括4个一级指标、17个二级指标、68个三级指标在内具有层次性的精神科住培医师置信职业行为评价指标体系,并确定了一、二、三级指标的权重。结论:置信职业行为评价指标体系全面系统、贴合临床工作、便于实际应用,能够为精神科住培医师考核提供量化标准,促进培训质量的提高。

基于模糊综合评判的住院医师规范化培训带教质量评价

带教质量直接影响住院医师规范化培训工作中最终输出人才的质量,对带教质量进行合理、有效的评价,是提升住院医师规范化培训质量、完善住院医师规范化培训制度的重要保证。针对住院医师规范化培训工作中带教质量评价因素的复杂性、模糊性以及定性指标难以量化的问题,提出一种基于模糊综合评判的带教质量评价方法。首先,进行一级评判,通过确定因素集、评价集,进行单因素评价,再确定各因素的权重,进行综合评价;其次,进行二级或多级综合评判,构建基于模糊综合评判的带教质量评价模型;最后,通过带教质量的模糊综合评价实例,对带教质量的评价方法进行研究。