State-Owned Capital Participation in Private Enterprises:A Perspective of Debt Financing

This study takes debt financing as the entry point and explores the impact of state-owned capital participation in private enterprises from the perspectives of“unarticulated rules”and“articulated rules”.The study finds that state-owned capital participation significantly reduces the debt financing costs of private enterprises and expands the scale of their debt financing.This conclusion remains valid after a series of endogeneity and robustness tests.Further analysis of the mechanism reveals that state-owned capital participation improves the debt financing of private enterprises through multiple channels:Enhancing their social reputation,mitigating the“statistical bias”they face,optimizing their information quality,and reducing the“shareholder-creditor”agency problems.This paper conceptualizes these benefits as the“complementary advantages of heterogeneous shareholders”.This not only constructs a theoretical framework for“reverse mixed-ownership reform”but also better narrates the Chinese story of“mixed-ownership reform”by adopting a more universally applicable theory of equity structure.Additionally,the paper supplements existing research on the macro-and meso-level relationship between the government and the market by exploring the government’s positive role at the micro-level.

Commuting Space of Primary and Secondary Schools in the Context of Child Friendly Cities:A Case Study of Bajiao Street of Shijingshan District

With the continuous promotion of the construction of child friendly cities,the school commuting space is an important component of the construction of child friendly roads.Based on the background of child friendly cities,the commuting space of 11 primary and secondary schools in Bajiao Street is analyzed through literature analysis and field research methods.Firstly,the relevant literature on school commuting space is sorted out,and the characteristics of school commuting space are summarized,including transportation,landscape,culture,leisure,and security.Secondly,the characteristics of commuting space of primary and secondary schools in Bajiao Street are analyzed from three aspects:in front of the school gate,path space,and node space.This paper aims to provide reference and guidance for the future construction of children’s walking school commuting and promote the construction of a child friendly city.

Internal Control Management and Risk Prevention Measures of State-Owned Enterprises

As an important pillar of national economic development,state-owned enterprises,their operational efficiency,and risk management ability are directly related to the stability and security of the national economy.As an important part of enterprise management,internal control management plays an irreplaceable role.Especially in the current domestic and international economic situation is complex and changeable,market competition is increasingly fierce environment,to strengthen the internal control management of state-owned enterprises and risk prevention measures is particularly important.This paper starts with the importance of internal control management and risk prevention for state-owned enterprises,and analyzes the problems and strategies in the internal control management and risk prevention of state-owned enterprises,in order to build a more comprehensive and efficient risk management system for state-owned enterprises to adapt to the ever-changing market environment and realize sustainable development.

Children and Workers Well-Being in Belgian French-Speaking Primary Schools during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Purpose: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant number of measures were taken worldwide to limit the transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and in many ways, changed human life. All these measures had harmful consequences and impacted the well-being of many people. Children were one of the most vulnerable groups. We conducted the present study to assess children’s and staff’s well-being in French-speaking primary schools in Belgium during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A 37-question questionnaire for each child based on the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS), and a 14-question questionnaire for each staff based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale was undertaken in order to assess the well-being. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to assess the relationship between RCMAS or HAD and other explanatory variables. Staff reported their perception of their current life and their future life in 5 years on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: A total of 231 children and 221 staff in 11 primary schools answered the well-being questionnaire between January and May 2021. 53% (122/231) of children had symptoms of anxiety. Girls reported more anxiety symptoms than boys (≥10: 59%;Adj OR = 2.25;95% CI [1.28;4.03]). 52% (120/231) of children had a definite state of social desirability. According to age, the youngest (6 - 7 years) children were more likely to have social desirability (≥5: 71%;Adj OR = 3.44;95% CI [1.53;8.09]) compared to the oldest (10 - 12 years). Children who did not practice outdoor/street activities were more likely to have social desirability (≥5: 60%;Adj OR = 2.59;95% CI [1.38;4.99]). In schools with a higher local incidence of SARS-CoV-2, children were more likely to have social desirability (≥5: 64%;Adj OR = 2.15;95% CI [1.13;4.17]). In schools with a lower socioeconomic status, children were more likely to have social desirability (≥5: 72%;Adj OR = 2.74;95% CI [1.23;6.37]). Higher RCMAS anxiety (r = −0.18;p −0.23;p −0.20;p Conclusion: Our results showed that the well-being of children was impacted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Special attention must be focused on the most vulnerable groups, as the consequences can be catastrophic in the long term.

SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seroprevalence in Children and Workers from Belgian French-Speaking Primary Schools

Purpose: During the COVID-19 pandemic, closing schools was discussed to limit the virus transmission, despite a lack of evidence on the role of young children in the virus spread. We undertook a study among Belgian primary schools to assess the SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence and its relationship with local incidence, school size, and socioeconomic status (SES). Methods: Schools were purposively selected using three criteria: an area with either a low or a high COVID-19 incidence, either a small or a large size, and either a low or a high SES. 932 (/2488, 38%) children and 242 (/444, 55%) staff signed informed consent. COVID-19 antibodies were tested using rapid finger prick tests. Results: Children participation was positively correlated with staff (r = +0.33;95% CI [−0.34;0.78]), and strongly with SES (r = +0.81;95% CI [0.40;0.95]). Seroprevalence was 21% in children (191/922) and 25% in staff (61/240). Seroprevalence did not correlate with local cumulative incidence (children: r = +0.06;95% CI [−0.59;0.67];staff: r = +0.26;95% CI [−0.40;0.74]). In staff, seroprevalence was higher in schools with higher SES (r = +0.37;95% CI [−0.29;0.79]), but not in children (r = −0.10;95% CI [−0.66;0.53]). Conclusion:The lower seroprevalence in children suggests they are lower transmitters than adults, but poor socioeconomic levels were less representative.

Actual Practical Attitude and Knowledge of Dental Implants among Senior Dental Students and General Dentists Graduated from Some Saudi and Non-Saudi Dental Schools

Objective: To assess the actual practical attitude and knowledge of dental implants among senior dental students and general dentists graduated from some Saudi and Non-Saudi dental schools. Methods: A total of 300 senior dental students and general dentists participated in the study. Hard copies of the self-designed, multiple-choice questionnaires were distributed to all participants. The questionnaire consisted of 31 questions in five parts. Data were collected and analyzed using Chi-square test and t-test, where p Results: There is a statistically significant relationship between the participants’ answers, and their dental schools. Participants’ general knowledge, training, and teaching of dental implants, as well as information about restorations retained for the dental implants, were higher among participants from Saudi dental schools than participants from non-Saudi dental schools, while the information about dental implants was higher among participants from non-Saudi dental schools than participants from Saudi dental schools. Conclusion: We conclude that the actual practical attitude and knowledge of dental implants among participants in the current study was insufficient. Therefore, dental implant education in the undergraduate curricula of dental schools surveyed should be updated to include teaching, laboratory training, and preclinical and clinical training.

Factors Associated with Early Pregnancy among Adolescent Girls in Schools in Bohicon, Benin in 2022

Introduction: The growing phenomenon of early pregnancies in Benin has adverse consequences on the lives of adolescent girls, impacting various social, health, economic, and educational aspects. This study aims to identify the factors associated with early pregnancies in the municipality of Bohicon in 2022. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study conducted in Bohicon, involving 47 cases and 94 controls from 16 secondary and technical schools. Cases were selected exhaustively, while controls were randomly drawn from girls aged 10 to 19 in the same class who had never been pregnant. Matching was based on the type of institution and class. Data were collected through a questionnaire and analyzed using Epi info 7.2.1.0 and STATA 15 software, employing multiple conditional logistic regression (5% significance threshold) to identify factors related to early pregnancies. Results: The average age of adolescents was 17.63 years ± 0.09 for cases and 17.12 years ± 0.13 for controls. Associated factors included age over 16 years (p = 0.049), the marital status of the adolescent (single) (p = 0.001), and the monthly pocket money of the adolescent less than 10,000 FCFA (p = 0.031). Conclusion: Three factors related to early pregnancies were identified. To counteract this phenomenon and promote responsible sexuality among adolescents, it is essential to strengthen communication efforts aimed at modifying behaviors.

The Performance of the School Psychologist in Schools for the Inclusion of Autistic Students in the Scenario of COVID-19

During COVID-19,the repercussions on scholar dynamics,functioning and structure were inevitable,causing an impact on groups that,historically,are minority in relation to the scope of school inclusion policies,such as students diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder(ASD).This scenario is followed by educational phenomena in the face of which School Psychology has collaborated with the advancement of research and knowledge production.This qualitative study,based on Historical-Cultural Psychology and Critical School Psychology,analyzed the role of the school psychologist in monitoring students diagnosed with ASD in the context of regular school during the pandemic.The following procedures were conducted:application of an online questionnaire;and semi-structured interviews with four school psychologists.As a result,three zones of shared meanings were built:the claim for the right to education with support and adaptations;the psychologist as the great savior of inclusion;the non-total inclusion that denounces the structure of injustice by school.The information suggests that professional performance was hampered by different obstacles in the pandemic,such as the difficulty imposed by school,overload of demands,and impasses in the implementation of inclusion historically experienced at school,revealing that the school structure still carries historical consequences of exclusion.These shared meanings have demanded a professional performance with more effort,resistance,and strategies that accept the demands of school inclusion,providing collective mobilization,together with school actors,capable of breaking down barriers,especially those related to capacitist concepts.

基础教育数字化转型的国际动态研究——以日本GIGA School构想为例

教育数字化转型已成为国际热议话题,国际上各国成效显著的基础教育数字化转型政策与行动对解决我国基础教育数字化转型中的问题有借鉴意义。近年来日本通过GIGA School构想的实践正逐步实现一人一台电子终端的基础教育数字化转型。因此,尝试从日本的相关政策中解析其转型目的以及落实措施,并提出细化教育数字化转型目标、明确教育数字化转型标准、搭建转型建设体系、构建多方面政策联动系统的实践启示。

The International Free Lunch Project of the Chinese Red Cross Foundation Benefits Two More Schools

On May 9,the International Free Lunch Project of the Chinese Red Cross Foundation officially launched at Matu Primary School and Genesis Joy Primary School in Kenya,benefiting 663teachers and students from the two schools with free nutritious meals.The International Free Lunch Project in Matu Primary School andGenesis Joy Primary School is sponsored by the Lion Love Lunch Project of Guangdong Lions Club and China Council of Lions Clubs Zhejiang Representative Office through the Red Cross Foundation of China,which will provide free nutritious meals for the two schools for one year.

Discussion on the Infiltration of Experiential Career Education Concept in Biology Teaching in Senior High Schools

Based on the implementation of the new college entrance examination reform policy and the demand of related policies,the choice of subjects for high school students has shifted from the traditional relatively single model of arts and sciences division to the"3+3"model,and the topic of"how to infiltrate the concept of career education in the teaching process of senior high schools"has become increasingly important.However,at present,the implementation of career education in senior high schools is frequently limited,mainly in the form of class meetings,which instills the concept of career education to students.Therefore,the implementation effect is often not satisfactory.Therefore,experiential learning,a novel and efficient learning method,has entered public's view.Based on relevant research literature at home and abroad,we started with the importance and urgency of implementing career education in high schools,and generally reviewed the research status and future development trends of experiential career education both domestically and internationally.The practical and theoretical significance of the research were explained,and relevant concepts were summarized.Finally,strategic suggestions were proposed for integrating experiential career education concepts into biology teaching in ordinary high schools in China.

Cultivation of Core Competencies of History in Middle Schools:Taking the Lesson of Primitive Farming Life as an Example

The cultivation of history teaching in middle schools involves many aspects and multi-level teaching factors such as classroom teaching objectives,teaching methods and teaching means.Taking the Lesson of Primitive Farming Life in the seventh grade volume 1 of People’s Education Press as an example,this paper discussed the cultivation of core competencies of history in middle schools,to improve the implementation process of history courses and promote the cultivation of students’discipline competencies.

Problems and Strategies of English Teaching in Rural Middle Schools in the Era of New Media

With the deepening of curriculum reform in junior high school,the education field is undergoing tremendous changes.Besides,with the rapid development of the Internet today,students have been exposed to various new media software since childhood.The existing education and teaching are also desperately keeping up with the pace of the times,and continue to bring online teaching to the practical classrooms of rural middle schools through new media.Teachers should not only impart basic professional knowledge to students,but also improve students'ability to use English.

Geospatial-Based Analysis of Balance in Elementary Education—Taking Elementary Schools in Changsha Five Core Districts as Examples

The balanced development of the elementary education sector has been a long goal pursued by the education departments of various places, and is also an outcome expected by the people. Based on a study of the equilibrium of the spatial distribution of the capacity saturation models of all the primary schools in Changsha’s (China) five core districts, the results show that the overall geographical distribution of the primary schools in Changsha is relatively balanced, based on the natural characteristics of Changsha, such as human geography, and the moderate gradient between the central urban area and the primary schools in the suburbs and outer suburbs. Then the Theil index model was introduced, and the results of the model analysis show that the differences between elementary schools in Changsha urban area are relatively small, and the main differences originate from between districts rather than within districts, and subtle differences among regions mainly reflect in the teacher strength.

A Survey of Digital Content Required for STD Prevention Education Taught by School Nurses

Purpose: In recent years, there has been concern in Japan about the increase in STDs among adolescents aged 15 - 19. In order to prevent STDs and guide adolescents toward desirable sexual behavior, this study’s goal was to examine the actual state of STD prevention education taught by school nurses as part of the school curriculum, as well as the kinds of digital content they wish to have for teaching on the subject. Method: An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was distributed by email and leaflet. Targeting the 100 valid responses received from the surveyed school nurses, descriptive statistics were made for each survey item and comparisons were made between the early- and mid-career groups based on years of experience. Results: 70.0% of respondents reported teaching about STDs in Health & Physical Education classes. School nurses in the early-career group used ready-made materials, while the mid-career group used both ready-made and self-made materials. 95% of respondents reported that they had little or no knowledge of STDs, while 84% reported that they were “good” or “fairly good” at teaching classes on sexuality. Both groups reported difficulty with the topics of “phimosis” and “nocturnal emissions” in the physiological category, “sexual behavior” in the “sex-adjacent” category, and “sexual and reproductive issues” in the psychosocial category. Respondents expressed a need for digital content covering the topics of “sexual violence”, “sexual abuse”, “sexually transmitted diseases”, and “how to turn down sex”. The mid-career group desired digital content for more items than the early-career group, with significant differences in the pathogens involved in sexually transmitted diseases and sex-adjacent items. 32.0% of respondents answered that they had done self-study for sex education classes in the past three years, and both groups desired self-study on “sexually transmitted diseases”, with the mid-career group significantly higher than the early-career group on “cervical cancer & HPV”, “emergency contraceptives”, and “media literacy”. Conclusion: Health & Physical Education is the main subject that covers STDs, and pre-existing materials are commonly used. It is expected that this is due to nurses’ busy schedules and the fact that only one school nurse is assigned to each school. The data collected suggested that nurse teachers want categorized digital content that can be used in the classes they are responsible for, rather than educational content on topics they are not comfortable with. In addition, given the changing environment surrounding sex, it was clear that they wish to understand the realities and needs of the high school students they teach, and desire self-study opportunities to improve their teaching methods.

Research on Influencing Factors and Countermeasures of Risk Control of State-Owned Enterprises under the Background of Big Data

This study explores the risk control and response strategies of state-owned enterprises in the context of big data.Global economic uncertainty poses new challenges to state-owned enterprises,necessitating innovative risk management approaches.This article proposes response strategies from four key aspects:establishing a proactive risk management culture,building a foundation in technology and data,conducting big data-driven risk analysis,and implementing predictive analysis and real-time monitoring.State-owned enterprises can foster a proactive risk management culture by cultivating employee risk awareness,demonstrating leadership,and establishing transparency and open communication.Additionally,data integration and analysis,leveraging the latest technology,are crucial factors that can help companies better identify risks and opportunities.

Are school uniforms associated with gender inequalities in physical activity? A pooled analysis of population-level data from 135 countries/regions

Purpose:It is aimed to assess whether school uniforms are associated with population-level gender inequalities in physical activity,and whether associations differ by school level,country/region income,and assessment method.Methods:An ecological study design was employed.We collected data about global uniform practices using an online survey.We searched for country/region-level estimates of school-aged youth meeting physical activity guidelines from international surveillance studies.Study selection was conducted in duplicate using a systematic process,and a random sample of all data was checked to ensure extraction and pooling processes were accurate.We calculated absolute and relative gender inequalities in physical activity for each country.Linear regression examined associations between country/region-level uniform practices(binary yes/no exposure variable)and country/region-level gender inequalities in physical activity guideline compliance(absolute and relative inequalities).We investigated moderation by school level,stratified analyses by income group,and repeated primary analyses using device-measured data.Results:Pooling data from 135 countries/regions(n=1,089,852),we found no association between population-level uniform practices and gender inequalities in physical activity across all ages(absolute:b=-0.2;95%confidence interval(95%CI):-1.7 to 1.3,p=0.74;relative:b=0.1;95%CI:-0.1 to 0.2,p=0.51).Subgroup analysis suggested a positive association in primary school settings(absolute:b=4.3;95%CI:-0.0 to 8.6,p=0.05).Among high-income countries,absolute inequalities were significantly greater in countries/regions with uniform practices(N=37)compared to those without(N=48)(9.1(SD=3.6)vs.7.8 percentage points(SD=4.3)).Repeating analyses using device-measured data(n=32,130;N=24)did not alter our primary finding.From initial descriptive statistics,we found that in countries/regions where a majority of schools(>50%)reportedly use uniforms,there was lower compliance with physical activity guidelines among all genders(median:16.0%,interquartile range:13.2%-19.9%,N=103)compared to generally non-uniform countries/regions(median:19.5%,interquartile range:16.4%-23.5%,N=32)(z=3.04,p=0.002).(N=countries,regions and studies represented;n=sample size or participants included).Conclusion:School uniforms are associated with greater gender inequalities in physical activity in primary school settings and in high-income countries.Our population-level findings warrant testing using individual-level data across contexts.

Characterization of Wastewater in School Environments for an Ecological Treatment Solution: A Case Study of Ndiebene Gandiol 1 School

The study conducted at Ndiebene Gandiol 1 school in Senegal has unveiled serious environmental and public health challenges. The wastewater analysis revealed high levels of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and fecal coliforms, signaling potential risks to the well-being of students and staff. This situation mirrors a wider issue in rural educational settings, where inadequate sanitation persists. Intensive wastewater treatment options are known for their effectiveness against high pollutant loads but are resource-intensive in both energy and cost. Conversely, extensive treatment systems, while requiring more land, provide a sustainable alternative by harnessing natural processes for pollutant removal. The research suggests a hybrid treatment approach could serve the school’s needs, balancing the robust capabilities of intensive methods with the ecological benefits of extensive systems. Such a solution would need to be tailored to the specific environmental, financial, and logistical context of the school, based on comprehensive feasibility studies and stakeholder engagement. This study’s findings underscore the urgency of addressing sanitation in schools, as it is intrinsically linked to the health and academic success of students. Quick, effective, and long-term strategies are vital to secure a healthier and more prosperous future for the youth. With proper implementation, the school can transform its sanitation facilities, setting a precedent for rural educational institutions in Senegal and similar contexts globally.

Impact of State-Owned Capital Participation on ESG Performance of Private Enterprises

As global investors and stakeholders increasingly prioritize environmental,social,and governance(ESG)performance,corporate social responsibility and sustainability have become crucial factors in determining corporate success.In the context of China’s robust economy,the involvement of state-owned capital exerts a profound impact on the ESG performance of private enterprises.This paper,starting from the perspective of ESG,analyzes how state-owned capital participation influences the ESG performance of private enterprises.Additionally,it proposes recommendations for the involvement of state-owned enterprises in private enterprises,aiming to foster the sustainable development of private enterprises and enhance their social responsibility.

XIZANG'S BOARDING SCHOOLS:BETTER ENSURE EQUALITY IN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES

Boarding schools cangenerallybe found in China's most rural areas,especially remote mountainsides and pastoral lands in the nation's center and western frontier,for it is in suchareas whereeducators are few and far between.With such a huge discrepancy between rural and urban locales,it only made sense for Xizang to make boarding schools the priority type of school across its lands.In fact,it seems to have been the only logical option given the state of things.