The Status Quo of Chinese International Business Practitioners’Intercultural Business Communication and PedagogicImplications

We propose an intercultural business communication(IBC)model and design a questionnaire basing on the model to gain detailed knowledge on the status quo of 239 Chinese international business practitioners’IBC activities.The factual questions include the main working languages,the communication media applied,their high-frequency communication situations,communication scenarios important to organizations and employees’career life,the most challenging communication situations,and sensitive communication topics.Pedagogic implications are discussed basing on the survey findings.

The Use of Spatial Sampling Designs in Business Surveys

An innovative use of spatial sampling designs is here presented. Sampling methods which consider spatial locations of statistical units are already used in agricultural and environmental contexts, while they have never been exploited for establishment surveys. However, the rapidly increasing availability of geo- referenced information about business units makes that possible. In business studies, it may indeed be important to take into account the presence of spatial autocorrelation or spatial trends in the variables of interest, in order to have more precise and efficient estimates. The opportunity of using the most innovative spatial sampling designs in business surveys, in order to produce samples that are well spread in space, is here tested by means of Monte Carlo experiments. For all designs, the Horvitz-Thompson estimator of the population total is used both with equal and unequal inclusion probabilities. The efficiency of sampling designs is evaluated in terms of relative RMSE and efficiency gain compared with designs ignoring the spatial information. Furthermore, an evaluation of spatially balancing samples is also conducted.

Using an Alternative Method to Estimate the Status of Iodine Nutrition in Pregnant Women

Iodine is an element that is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones.Adequate intake of dietary iodine has been recognized as a critical factor for maintaining health.It is a well-known fact that iodine deficiency can impede the production of thyroid hormones in both the mother and fetus,which increases the risk of brain damage in the fetal stage.

Assessments of Some Simultaneous Equation Estimation Techniques with Normally and Uniformly Distributed Exogenous Variables

In each equation of simultaneous Equation model, the exogenous variables need to satisfy all the basic assumptions of linear regression model and be non-negative especially in econometric studies. This study examines the performances of the Ordinary Least Square (OLS), Two Stage Least Square (2SLS), Three Stage Least Square (3SLS) and Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) Estimators of simultaneous equation model with both normally and uniformly distributed exogenous variables under different identification status of simultaneous equation model when there is no correlation of any form in the model. Four structural equation models were formed such that the first and third are exact identified while the second and fourth are over identified equations. Monte Carlo experiments conducted 5000 times at different levels of sample size (n = 10, 20, 30, 50, 100, 250 and 500) were used as criteria to compare the estimators. Result shows that OLS estimator is best in the exact identified equation except with normally distributed exogenous variables when . At these instances, 2SLS estimator is best. In over identified equations, the 2SLS estimator is best except with normally distributed exogenous variables when the sample size is small and large, and;and with uniformly distributed exogenous variables when n is very large, , the best estimator is either OLS or FIML or 3SLS.

中国营商环境的测度、时空演变特征与优化路径研究

随着全球经济一体化和区域经济协同发展的不断加深,营商环境的优化已成为推动地区经济增长和提高区域竞争力的重要因素。基于“双循环”格局和中国式现代化的理论内涵,从市场化、法治化、国际化三个层面构建了中国营商环境评价指标体系,根据逐层纵横向拉开档次法对2005-2022年中国30个省份的营商环境进行测度,并通过Kernel核密度估计与协调度模型分析其时空演变特征与优化路径。研究发现,中国各地区营商环境的演变规律存在多元性,综合发展水平持续提升。东部地区营商环境的内部综合差异存在扩大趋势;西部地区营商环境的地区差异逐渐缩小;中部地区和东北地区营商环境的内部差异经历了多轮先增大后缩小的波浪式进程。此外,通过协调性分析发现,不同地区营商环境的短板具有异质性。整体来看,各地区营商环境的国际化水平与市场化水平、法治化水平之间的协调度普遍偏低;分地区看,中部地区的国际化与法治化平均协调度处于较低水平,且改善进展相对迟缓;东北地区和西部地区在市场化与国际化平均协调度上存在的短板是制约其整体协调度提高的主要障碍。基于上述研究结论,提出各地区应根据发展实际,关注自身营商环境的短板,找准制约营商环境发展的堵点,重视并加强营商环境的建设,以推进中国省域营商环境的整体优化与提升,助力加速构建“双循环”格局。

援外成套项目专业考察工作要点分析

援外成套项目是中国最主要的对外援助方式。以援吉奥什医院项目为例,从援外政策、流程、考察要点等多个方面剖析了专业考察的工作重点,对如何在限定的考察时间内快速有效地解决突出问题,提升专业考察质量进行了分析总结。

辽宁省营商环境发展水平测度及收敛性分析

文章首先梳理了营商环境市场化、法治化、国际化三者的关系;其次建立了包含3个维度18个指标的综合评价指标体系,并测算了辽宁省14个市的营商环境发展水平;最后,利用核密度估计、收敛性检验等方法对营商环境发展水平进行了深入分析.研究表明:14个市的营商环境发展水平均不收敛,除了沈阳和大连营商环境发展水平较高之外其他市营商环境发展水平均较低,主要是受政策、地理位置、人才和地区经济水平等因素影响.优化营商环境首先要建立完善的法治体系,其次要激发市场活力,最后要积极探索并融入国际化进程.

Research on Teaching Model in Business English Writing

According to the characteristics of Business English Writing Course,this essay analyses the teaching status, then in the frame of communication theory, it puts forward a new teaching model—PIADA. It is proved that this new teaching model can explore the teacher's subjective initiative, mobilize the enthusiasm of the students fully, make the teaching process more systematic and scientific, and eventually greatly improve students' English writing ability.

Sector Capacity Estimation Based on Differentiated Routes and Busy Levels

Sector capacity estimation plays an important role in applied research of airspace management.Previous researches manifest that sector capacity should be influenced by its standard flow,or routes in that sector.However,if air traffic controller(ATCO)workload busy levels(level of proactivity of an ATCO)are ignored,the estimated sector capacity may not be accurate.There is a need to compare the estimated sector capacity with and without busy levels consideration,both with differentiated routes consideration.This paper proposes a method for sector capacity estimation based on ATCO workload considering differentiated routes and busy levels.Firstly,the main routes in the sector are identified,and for each route,the ATCO workload per flight is determined.Secondly,the workload for each route at three busy levels is determined.Regression analysis is then applied to determine the relationship between workload and the number of flights(with and without considering busy levels)in 15 min and 1h time slices.Sector capacity is then determined on the basis of a specified workload threshold,for the two cases with and without considering busy levels.Comparing the two scenarios and following validation by ATCO survey,it is found that capacity estimation considering busy levels is a more realistic and accurate approach.The validated capacity values for the Zhengzhou approach(ZHCC AP)airspace sector accounting for the busy levels were determined accurately as 10 and 33 flights for the 15 min and 1h slices,respectively.The corresponding results without considering busy levels were 12 and 41 flights for the 15 min and 1h time slices,respectively.

电力系统地市及以下数据通信网设计与研究

电力数据通信网是电力系统的综合性业务网络传输平台,随着电网业务需求的快速发展,电力数据通信网面临带宽不断增加的压力。文章提出了地市及以下数据通信网的建设方案,首先对用户业务需求进行估算,然后结合业务需求和光缆现状,形成了链路组织与网络互连、站点设备配置和网络地址编码等方案,最后给出了接入站点各类业务的接入方式。该方案实现了地市及以下数据通信网的规划设计,对于其他地区数据通信的规划、设计、改造等工作具有借鉴意义。

面向6G通感算融合的网络智能感知

面向6G通信-感知-计算(通感算)融合的发展需求,亟需突破网络智能感知方法,特别是基于深度学习的业务识别与流量预测。因此,首先提出了基于卷积神经网络的业务类型估计算法,以避免人工提取数据特征的复杂过程与估计误差,并减少训练模型参数数量;然后,将基于注意力机制的序列到序列(Sequence to Sequence,Seq2Seq)算法用于预测业务流量,以解决信息损失问题,并根据预测场景的差异性,使用不同的预测步长,在保证预测准确性的前提下减少预测时间和计算消耗;最后搭建基于微服务的智能内生融合实验平台,并在此平台上实现了流量预测与业务类型估计,该平台以微服务的形式将各种能力拆分为多个网络功能,并使用人工智能(AI)技术将各种能力进行融合,实现功能模块共享,减少网络功能冗余,赋予网络智能扩展能力。实验结果表明流量预测模型预测误差较小、业务类型估计模型准确率较高。

有机认证对茶企经营效益的影响研究——基于倾向得分匹配的反事实估计

基于全国288份茶企问卷数据,运用倾向得分匹配法实证检验有机认证对茶企经营效益的影响。实证表明,有机认证对茶企经营效益具有正向影响,且这种影响效应在不同区域和自有茶园规模不同的分组中具有异质性。相对中西部企业,东部企业参与有机认证带来的经营效益的提升效应更为明显;相较自有茶园面积在中位数以上的茶企,自有茶园面积较小的企业参与有机认证所带来的效益提升效应更大。据此,各地政府在绿色发展框架下可支持茶企开展有机认证,中西部地区可组织企业到东部地区企业借鉴发展有机茶的实践经验;茶企需结合自身发展定位和市场需求,酌情通过有机认证促进企业提质增效。

基于业数融合的电力系统数据质量监测方法

数字化转型升级的持续深入,对电力系统数据质量管理工作提出了更高的要求。通过数字化手段对电力系统异常数据进行规范性监测,提出一种基于业数融合的电力系统数据质量监测方法。首先,利用测量数据和网络拓扑结构建立了电力系统非线性状态估计模型;然后,基于业数融合的机器学习算法利用电力系统的时间和空间信息,保留空间上相邻的相关性,在机器学习层通过已验证的数据学习正常运行时的电网状态,进而检测系统的所有异常数据,并将其与系统的其余部分隔离;继而,基于最小-最大法对加权最小二乘法进行修正,以消除测量和网络参数中不确定性的影响;最后,通过IEEE 30节点电力系统验证了所提方法的有效性。

A TWO-STAGE ESTIMATION ALGORITHM FOR A TYPE OF CURRENT STATUS DATA

Success-failure life tests are widely used in reliability engineering research to evaluate the storage life of products, where the observed data are the current status data, usually summarized as the form of ＂binomial life data＂. For this type of data, this paper proposes a two-stage algorithm to estimate some commonly used lifetime distributions. This Mgorithm is automatic, intuitively appealing and simple to implement. Simulation studies show that compared with some existing methods, the proposed algorithm is more stable and efficient, especially in small sample situations, and it can also be extended to deM with some complicated lifetime distributions.

谱分析方法在经济波动分析中的应用研究

针对我国经济序列较短的特点，将加窗周期图谱估计与最大熵谱估计相结合的谱估计方法用于经济周期波动的分析．并用各隐周期分量单独分辨的办法通过对数据进行三角叠加拟合来确定隐周期长度的准确值．

批发零售贸易业、餐饮业抽样调查方案及数据处理方法

本文介绍我国批发零售贸易业、餐饮业调查的抽样方案,方案以省为总体,区县为初级抽样单元,为满足对部分地市(域)估计的需要,对区县的抽样考虑了不放回样本追加。文中也给出了与抽样方案配套的总体和域目标量的估计及相应的方差估计公式。

经济波动谱分析方法的比较研究

为解决我国经济序列长度较短及各主周期分量难以同时准确分辨的问题 ,提出加窗周期图谱估计与最大熵谱估计相结合的谱估计方法 ,并将各主要周期分量单独分辨 ,且通过对序列进行三角函数拟合来确定周期长度准确值。从谱估计曲线、主周期分量的分辨和周期长度的准确性 3个方面与一般的谱分析方法进行了比较 。

我国经济周期波动态势的区域划分与动态特征检验

本文利用贝叶斯估计结合门限自回归模型,对我国经济周期波动态势进行了分析和判断,检验中发现我国经济周期波动动态机制变迁的门限增长率为9.36%。当经济增长率高于这个门限值后,经济周期波动具有自稳定的均值回归特征;当经济增长率低于这个门限值后,经济周期波动具有向更高稳态的迁移特征,这意味着我国现阶段的经济增长过程具有内生的稳定性,这也是近年来我国经济波动率趋于稳定的重要原因。从经济周期波动的动态轨迹判断,我国经济仍然具备保持快速稳定增长的基础,因此需要利用有效宏观调控来保证快速稳定增长的实现。

基于相关向量机的协商决策模型

为了进一步提高电子商务中对手协商偏好估计的精度,该文提出了一种基于相关向量机(Relevance vector machine,RVM)算法的对手协商偏好(Preference)学习方法。在该方法中,将协商过程看作是协商议题的报价序列,把报价序列映射到新的特征空间,形成出价轨迹。用相关向量机学习出价轨迹,得到协商对手的协商偏好。以双方协商偏好为基础,通过一个优化过程产生双赢的最优反建议。实验数据表明,新方法能够减少协商回合数,增加协商总效用。