Huangdi's Internal Classics(Neijin) is one of the most important ancient medical classics, which plays far-reaching influence in medical field. More and more domestic and overseas scholars published their translat...Huangdi's Internal Classics(Neijin) is one of the most important ancient medical classics, which plays far-reaching influence in medical field. More and more domestic and overseas scholars published their translated texts on Neijing. Due to the diversity of editions and different understanding, the translating styles and contents are widely different. This study will focus on the different translating styles on culture-specific lexicon、figure of speech and four-Chinese-character structures in Neijin.展开更多
[Objective] The study aimed at exploring the relationship among the agronomic characters of B. juncea in western China, in order to provide scientific basis for the breeding of B. juncea in western China. [Method] 39 ...[Objective] The study aimed at exploring the relationship among the agronomic characters of B. juncea in western China, in order to provide scientific basis for the breeding of B. juncea in western China. [Method] 39 B. juncea materials from western China were used for the canonical correlation analysis, and canonical correlations between each pair of the four ecological character （containing 18 variables） were verified, including yield characters （5 variables）, caulis characters （6 variables）, branch characters （3 variables） and pod characters （3 variables）. [Result] Yield per plant of B. juncea in western China suffered a tremendous influence from effective pod number per plant while was not significantly affected by the total pod number per plant, seed number per pod and 1 000-seed weight; the most important character related with the yield character of B. juncea in western China was caulis character, followed by the branch character and pod character; yield characters, caulis characters, branch characters and pod characters of B. juncea in western China were closely correlated. [Conclusion] In order to improve the yield characters of B. juncea in western China, caulis characters should be focused on, followed by branch characters and pod characters; rapeseed varieties with high performance in total pod number per plant and effective pod number per plant should be chosen through the perspectives of effective branch number, plant height, pod number of main inflorescence, fruit stalk number of main inflorescence and other traits, while rapeseed varieties with high performance in seed number per pod and 1 000-seed weight should be chosen through the perspectives of beak length and other traits.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Much research has focused on neighborhood size in alphabetic languages. Results have consistently demonstrated that the neighborhood effect is a stimulating factor in word reading. The present study addre...BACKGROUND： Much research has focused on neighborhood size in alphabetic languages. Results have consistently demonstrated that the neighborhood effect is a stimulating factor in word reading. The present study addressed whether there are neighborhood effects in Chinese character reading. OBJECTIVE： To investigate whether neighborhood effect exists in Chinese character reading and whether specific brain regions are responsible for it. DESIGN： An event-related design. SETTING： Beijing Anzhen Hospital. PARTICIPANTS： The experiment was conducted at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from October 2004 to December 2004. Undergraduate students, aged 19 24 years, were selected from Beijing Normal University, comprising 13 males and 16 females. Inclusive criteria： ① Neurologically normal and right-handed; ② native-Chinese speakers. All subjects gave informed consent prior to experimentation. METHODS： ① Behavioral experiment： the experiment utilized a 2 x 2 factorial design. The factors included orthographic neighborhood size （few or many neighbors） and lexical regularity （regular or irregular characters）. There was no significant difference between the ratio of regular and irregular characters in each family. The experiment was performed on a notebook PC and was piloted by E-Prime software. A fixation point ＂＋＂ was presented on the screen for 500 ms, and then the target item was displayed in the same place of the fixation for 2 000 ms. Subjects were asked to read the character aloud quickly and correctly. The target item disappeared once the subject read it. Reaction time （RT） and error ratios were collected and analyzed. ② fMRI study： the study was an event-related design. Each character was presented for 500 ms, and the offset was followed by ＂＋＂ presented for 1 500 - 26 000 ms. Each duration was divided by 500 exactly. The subject was required to read silently. AFNI software package was used to analyze the fMRI data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① RT and error ratio in behavioral experiment; ② Brain mapping in fMRI study. RESULTS： Twenty-nine undergraduate students were involved in the result analysis. ① Behavioral experiment results of RT： the main effect of regularity was highly significant for participants （F1） and items （F2） [F1 （1,28） = 135.74, P 〈 0.01; F2 （1,76） = 49.506, P 〈 0.01], with regular words being responded faster than irregular words. The main effect of N was not significant, but was localized in an uncertain area [F1 （1,28） = 3.182, P 〉 0.05; F2 not significant]. Moreover, there was an interaction between neighborhood and regularity [F1 （1,28） = 6.666, P 〈 0.05; F2 （1 ,76） = 3.157, P 〉 0.05]. Analyses of simple effect determined that when the characters were irregular, the RT of low neighborhoods was shorter than high neighborhoods. Behavioral experiment results of error ratio： similar analyses were performed on the number of errors in the naming task. ANOVA demonstrated a main effect of regularity [F1 （1,28） = 10.475, P 〈 0.01; F2 （1,76） = 4.686, P 〈 0.05], with errors of regular words less than irregular words. The main effect of neighborhoods was not significant. Moreover, there was an interaction between neighborhood and regularity by subjects [F1 （1,28） = 7.632, P 〈 0.05], but not by items [F2 （1,76） =3.906, P 〉 0.05]. Analyses of simple effect found that when the characters were regular, the number of errors in high neighborhoods （23%） was greater than in low neighborhoods （11%）. ② fMRI results： bilateral fusiforms were sensitive to Chinese character shape. Both neighborhoods effect and regular effect mainly yielded right cerebral hemisphere and bilateral brain area. CONCLUSION： Neighborhood effect existed in character reading. However, results are contrary to what has been shown in English word reading. The fewer neighborhoods that one character had, the shorter the RT was. The fMRI results demonstrated the neighborhood effect and regular effect primarily stimulated right cerebral hemisphere and the bilateral brain area.展开更多
The paper is discusses the role of emotionally significant political images in youth culture.The study covers the period between 2006 and 2017 during which Russia saw not only a political and economic transition but a...The paper is discusses the role of emotionally significant political images in youth culture.The study covers the period between 2006 and 2017 during which Russia saw not only a political and economic transition but also dramatic changes in communication technology.The 6-stage research included two waves of testing in 2006,2012,2017.Respondents were aged 17 to 24 years old.In 2017 the general youth international value agenda can be considered formed,with its essential feature being the further reduction of the influence of advertising and communication of politicians’brands.展开更多
Objective: To assess the outcomes after acupoint application in patients with pharyngeal pain in a real-world settings, and analyze the characteristics of effective population and prescription characteristics of acupo...Objective: To assess the outcomes after acupoint application in patients with pharyngeal pain in a real-world settings, and analyze the characteristics of effective population and prescription characteristics of acupoint application. Methods: Based on CHUNBO platform, patients with pharyngeal pain who were candidates for acupoint application on the basis of physician-evaluation, were enrolled in a nationwide, prospective, 69-week multicenter observational study from August 2020 to February 2022. Propensity score matching(PSM) was used to match the confounding factors and the association rules were used to analyze the characteristics of effective population and prescription characteristics of acupoint application. Outcome assessments included the disappearance rate of pharyngeal pain(within 3, 7, and 14 days), disappearance time of pharyngeal pain, as well as adverse events. Results: Of 7,699 enrolled participants, 6,693(86.9%) received acupoint application and 1,450(21.7%) with non-acupoint application. After PSM, there were 1,004 patients each in the application group(AG) and non-application group(NAG). The disappearance rate of pharyngeal pain in the AG at 3, 7, and 14 days were all higher than those in the NAG(P<0.05). The disappearance time of pharyngeal pain in the AG were shorter than that in the NAG(logrank P<0.001, hazard ratio=1.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.41–1.63). The median age of effective cases was 4 years, mainly 3–6 years old(40.21%). The disappearance rate of pharyngeal pain in the application group with tonsil diseases was 2.19 times higher than that in the NAG(P<0.05). The commonly used acupoints for the effective cases were Tiantu(RN 22), Shenque(RN 8) and Dazhui(DU 14). The commonly used herbs for the effective cases were Natrii sulfas, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, and Herba Ephedrae. Among them, Natrii sulfas was applied to RN 8 most frequently(support 84.39%). A total of 1,324(17.2%) patients experienced AEs, and mainly occurred in the AG, with significant difference in the incidence of AEs between goups(P<0.05). All AEs reported were the first grade, and the average regression time of AEs was 2.8 days. Conclusions: Acupoint application in patients with pharyngeal pain resulted in improved effective rate and shortened duration, especially children aged 3–6 years old, and those with tonsil diseases. Acupoint of RN 22, RN 8 and DU 14, herbs of Natrii sulfas, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, and Herba Ephedrae were the most commonly used in the treatment of pharyngeal pain.展开更多
文摘Huangdi's Internal Classics(Neijin) is one of the most important ancient medical classics, which plays far-reaching influence in medical field. More and more domestic and overseas scholars published their translated texts on Neijing. Due to the diversity of editions and different understanding, the translating styles and contents are widely different. This study will focus on the different translating styles on culture-specific lexicon、figure of speech and four-Chinese-character structures in Neijin.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation(30760122)National High-Tech Research and Development Program(863Program)(2009AA101105)+1 种基金Faculty Construction of 211 Project(SZTD-211-02)Project of Introducing Advanced Agricultural Science and Technology of Ministry of Agriculture(948Program)(2010-Z54)~~
文摘[Objective] The study aimed at exploring the relationship among the agronomic characters of B. juncea in western China, in order to provide scientific basis for the breeding of B. juncea in western China. [Method] 39 B. juncea materials from western China were used for the canonical correlation analysis, and canonical correlations between each pair of the four ecological character （containing 18 variables） were verified, including yield characters （5 variables）, caulis characters （6 variables）, branch characters （3 variables） and pod characters （3 variables）. [Result] Yield per plant of B. juncea in western China suffered a tremendous influence from effective pod number per plant while was not significantly affected by the total pod number per plant, seed number per pod and 1 000-seed weight; the most important character related with the yield character of B. juncea in western China was caulis character, followed by the branch character and pod character; yield characters, caulis characters, branch characters and pod characters of B. juncea in western China were closely correlated. [Conclusion] In order to improve the yield characters of B. juncea in western China, caulis characters should be focused on, followed by branch characters and pod characters; rapeseed varieties with high performance in total pod number per plant and effective pod number per plant should be chosen through the perspectives of effective branch number, plant height, pod number of main inflorescence, fruit stalk number of main inflorescence and other traits, while rapeseed varieties with high performance in seed number per pod and 1 000-seed weight should be chosen through the perspectives of beak length and other traits.
基金The National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (30770726)
文摘BACKGROUND： Much research has focused on neighborhood size in alphabetic languages. Results have consistently demonstrated that the neighborhood effect is a stimulating factor in word reading. The present study addressed whether there are neighborhood effects in Chinese character reading. OBJECTIVE： To investigate whether neighborhood effect exists in Chinese character reading and whether specific brain regions are responsible for it. DESIGN： An event-related design. SETTING： Beijing Anzhen Hospital. PARTICIPANTS： The experiment was conducted at Beijing Anzhen Hospital from October 2004 to December 2004. Undergraduate students, aged 19 24 years, were selected from Beijing Normal University, comprising 13 males and 16 females. Inclusive criteria： ① Neurologically normal and right-handed; ② native-Chinese speakers. All subjects gave informed consent prior to experimentation. METHODS： ① Behavioral experiment： the experiment utilized a 2 x 2 factorial design. The factors included orthographic neighborhood size （few or many neighbors） and lexical regularity （regular or irregular characters）. There was no significant difference between the ratio of regular and irregular characters in each family. The experiment was performed on a notebook PC and was piloted by E-Prime software. A fixation point ＂＋＂ was presented on the screen for 500 ms, and then the target item was displayed in the same place of the fixation for 2 000 ms. Subjects were asked to read the character aloud quickly and correctly. The target item disappeared once the subject read it. Reaction time （RT） and error ratios were collected and analyzed. ② fMRI study： the study was an event-related design. Each character was presented for 500 ms, and the offset was followed by ＂＋＂ presented for 1 500 - 26 000 ms. Each duration was divided by 500 exactly. The subject was required to read silently. AFNI software package was used to analyze the fMRI data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① RT and error ratio in behavioral experiment; ② Brain mapping in fMRI study. RESULTS： Twenty-nine undergraduate students were involved in the result analysis. ① Behavioral experiment results of RT： the main effect of regularity was highly significant for participants （F1） and items （F2） [F1 （1,28） = 135.74, P 〈 0.01; F2 （1,76） = 49.506, P 〈 0.01], with regular words being responded faster than irregular words. The main effect of N was not significant, but was localized in an uncertain area [F1 （1,28） = 3.182, P 〉 0.05; F2 not significant]. Moreover, there was an interaction between neighborhood and regularity [F1 （1,28） = 6.666, P 〈 0.05; F2 （1 ,76） = 3.157, P 〉 0.05]. Analyses of simple effect determined that when the characters were irregular, the RT of low neighborhoods was shorter than high neighborhoods. Behavioral experiment results of error ratio： similar analyses were performed on the number of errors in the naming task. ANOVA demonstrated a main effect of regularity [F1 （1,28） = 10.475, P 〈 0.01; F2 （1,76） = 4.686, P 〈 0.05], with errors of regular words less than irregular words. The main effect of neighborhoods was not significant. Moreover, there was an interaction between neighborhood and regularity by subjects [F1 （1,28） = 7.632, P 〈 0.05], but not by items [F2 （1,76） =3.906, P 〉 0.05]. Analyses of simple effect found that when the characters were regular, the number of errors in high neighborhoods （23%） was greater than in low neighborhoods （11%）. ② fMRI results： bilateral fusiforms were sensitive to Chinese character shape. Both neighborhoods effect and regular effect mainly yielded right cerebral hemisphere and bilateral brain area. CONCLUSION： Neighborhood effect existed in character reading. However, results are contrary to what has been shown in English word reading. The fewer neighborhoods that one character had, the shorter the RT was. The fMRI results demonstrated the neighborhood effect and regular effect primarily stimulated right cerebral hemisphere and the bilateral brain area.
文摘The paper is discusses the role of emotionally significant political images in youth culture.The study covers the period between 2006 and 2017 during which Russia saw not only a political and economic transition but also dramatic changes in communication technology.The 6-stage research included two waves of testing in 2006,2012,2017.Respondents were aged 17 to 24 years old.In 2017 the general youth international value agenda can be considered formed,with its essential feature being the further reduction of the influence of advertising and communication of politicians’brands.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (No. CI2021A04701)。
文摘Objective: To assess the outcomes after acupoint application in patients with pharyngeal pain in a real-world settings, and analyze the characteristics of effective population and prescription characteristics of acupoint application. Methods: Based on CHUNBO platform, patients with pharyngeal pain who were candidates for acupoint application on the basis of physician-evaluation, were enrolled in a nationwide, prospective, 69-week multicenter observational study from August 2020 to February 2022. Propensity score matching(PSM) was used to match the confounding factors and the association rules were used to analyze the characteristics of effective population and prescription characteristics of acupoint application. Outcome assessments included the disappearance rate of pharyngeal pain(within 3, 7, and 14 days), disappearance time of pharyngeal pain, as well as adverse events. Results: Of 7,699 enrolled participants, 6,693(86.9%) received acupoint application and 1,450(21.7%) with non-acupoint application. After PSM, there were 1,004 patients each in the application group(AG) and non-application group(NAG). The disappearance rate of pharyngeal pain in the AG at 3, 7, and 14 days were all higher than those in the NAG(P<0.05). The disappearance time of pharyngeal pain in the AG were shorter than that in the NAG(logrank P<0.001, hazard ratio=1.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.41–1.63). The median age of effective cases was 4 years, mainly 3–6 years old(40.21%). The disappearance rate of pharyngeal pain in the application group with tonsil diseases was 2.19 times higher than that in the NAG(P<0.05). The commonly used acupoints for the effective cases were Tiantu(RN 22), Shenque(RN 8) and Dazhui(DU 14). The commonly used herbs for the effective cases were Natrii sulfas, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, and Herba Ephedrae. Among them, Natrii sulfas was applied to RN 8 most frequently(support 84.39%). A total of 1,324(17.2%) patients experienced AEs, and mainly occurred in the AG, with significant difference in the incidence of AEs between goups(P<0.05). All AEs reported were the first grade, and the average regression time of AEs was 2.8 days. Conclusions: Acupoint application in patients with pharyngeal pain resulted in improved effective rate and shortened duration, especially children aged 3–6 years old, and those with tonsil diseases. Acupoint of RN 22, RN 8 and DU 14, herbs of Natrii sulfas, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, and Herba Ephedrae were the most commonly used in the treatment of pharyngeal pain.
