Analysis on the Changes of Research Hotspots in the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19 by Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Knowledge Graph

Objective: To grasp the changing trend of research hotspots of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, and to better play the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 and other diseases. Methods: The research literature from 2020 to 2022 was searched in the CNKI database, and CiteSpace software was used for visual analysis. Results: The papers on the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 by traditional Chinese medicine changed from cases, overviews, reports, and efficacy studies to more in-depth mechanism research, theoretical exploration, and social impact analysis, and finally formed a theory-clinical-society Influence-institutional change and other multi-dimensional achievement systems. Conclusion: Analyzing the changing trends of TCM hotspots in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 can fully understand the important value of TCM, take the coordination of TCM and Western medicine as an important means to deal with public health security incidents, and promote the exploration of the potential efficacy of TCM, so as to enhance the role of TCM in Applications in social stability, emergency security, clinical practice, etc.

The application of the “Treatment in Accordance with Three Categories of Etiologic Factors” theory in the prevention and treatment of epidemic diseases in traditional Chinese medicine since the Ming and Qing Dynasties

“Treatment in accordance with three categories of etiologic factors”(consideration of the climatic and seasonal conditions,environment and individual’s constitution in the treatment of diseases),that is,treatment following time,place and individual,is one of the basic principles followed by Chinese medicine in the clinical treatment of diseases.This paper analyzes the similarities and differences in traditional Chinese medicine treatment of patients with epidemic diseases in different regions and periods since the Ming(1368-1644 C.E.)and Qing(1636-1912 C.E.)Dynasties.In addition,the theory of epidemic disease prevention and control based on the application of“treatment in accordance with three categories of etiologic factors”was discussed to inspire and guide the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

Effects of adjuvant Chinese patent medicine therapy on major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease angina pectoris:a population-based retrospective cohort study

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effects of Chinese patent medicine(CPM) in reducing the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE) in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) angina pectoris and improving clinical effectiveness and provide evidence for its use as clinical adjuvant therapy.Methods: Twenty-eight thousand five hundred and seventeen patients hospitalized with CHD angina pectoris from 6 hospitals were divided into CPM group(n = 11,374) and non-CPM group(n = 17,143) to evaluate the incidence of MACE, including myocardial infarction, percutaneous coronary intervention, and coronary artery bypass grafting.Results: The incidence of MACE in the CPM group was lower than that in the non-CPM group. CPM therapy was an independent protective factor that reduced the overall risk of MACE [adjusted hazard ratio = 0.40, 95% confidence interval(0.33;0.49)]. Patients in the CPM group who received one, two, or three types of CPM could benefit from adjuvant treatment with CPM, and taking more types of CPM was associated with a lower risk of MACE. In addition, the male population was better than the female population at taking CPM, and middle-aged people aged 55 to 64 were more suited to take CPM based on Western medicine.Conclusions: The use of CPM as adjuvant therapy can decrease the occurrence of MACE in patients with CHD angina pectoris,especially in men and middle-aged people, and the drug treatment plan should be optimized accordingly. However, this conclusion needs further verification by prospective cohort studies in the future.

A Dialogue with the Ancient and Reflection on the Interpretation of History of Bianque and Traditional Chinese Medicine

Based on the description of epidemic diseases in the chapter of “The Story of Bianque” in Records of Historian, the author has analyzed and explored the truthfulness of its background data and the possibility of the plague spreading at that time from both macro and micro angles. The symptoms of plague including chills formation of some doctrines in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) such as exopathic heat disease doctrine, internal injury of spleen and stomach doctrine and epidemic febrile disease doctrine. The course of exogenous phenomena, the author has explored the effect on the initial medical theory, primitive religion and culture due to the spreading of epidemic diseases from the angles of epidemiology, the theory of images and figures, originated from epidemic diseases was proposed. The author also put forward some opinions on the relationship between epidemic diseases spreading and traditional education of TCM, sustained development of TCM.

Effect of Chinese Medicine in Patients with COVID-19: A Multi-center Retrospective Cohort Study

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine(CM)in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in China.Methods:A multi-center retrospective cohort study was carried out,with cumulative CM treatment period of≥3 days during hospitalization as exposure.Data came from consecutive inpatients from December 19,2019 to May 16,2020 in 4 medical centers in Wuhan,China.After data extraction,verification and cleaning,confounding factors were adjusted by inverse probability of treatment weighting(IPTW),and the Cox proportional hazards regression model was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 2,272 COVID-19 patients were included.There were 1,684 patients in the CM group and 588 patients in the control group.Compared with the control group,the hazard ratio(HR)for the deterioration rate in the CM group was 0.52[95%confidence interval(Cl):0.41 to 0.64,P<0.001].The results were consistent across patients of varying severity at admission,and the robustness of the results were confirmed by 3 sensitivity analyses.In addition,the HR for all-cause mortality in the CM group was 0.29(95%Cl:0.19 to 0.44,P<0.001).Regarding of safety,the proportion of patients with abnormal liver function or renal function in the CM group was smaller.Conclusion:This real-world study indicates that the combination of a full-course CM therapy on the basic conventional treatment,may safely reduce the deterioration rate and all-cause mortality of cOViD-19 patients.This result can provide the new evidence to support the current treatment of COVID-19.Additional prospective clinical trial is needed to evaluate the eficacy and safety of specific CM interventions.

The acceptance of traditional Chinese medicine among patients with Parkinson's disease:A hospital survey

Objective:The efficacy of medications for Parkinson’s disease(PD)tend to decline over time,which has a serious impact on patients’health and quality of life.To some extent,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)can resolve the distressing problem of ineffective dopaminergic medication in PD patients.The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitude,acceptance,and independent predictors of TCM in PD patients admitted to the outpatient department of a tertiary hospital.Methods:A cross-sectional study of PD patients was conducted in the outpatient department of a large tertiary hospital in Beijing from March 2022 to June 2023.A self-report questionnaire was developed to investigate PD patients’attitudes and acceptance of TCM based on the questionnaire.Multivariate logistic regression analyses were also performed to further clarify the independent predictors influencing patients’adoption of TCM therapy.Results:A total of 397 patients completed the questionnaire,of which 78.09%were willing to be treated with TCM and 21.91%indicated that they were not willing to use TCM.Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that several parameters were correlated with a patient’s willingness to include TCM in their therapeutic regime.These included education level of a bachelor’s degree(odds ratio[OR)=8.554;95%confidence interval[CI]:4.112–17.794;P<0.001,vs junior high school education),living in an urban setting(OR=8.022;95%CI:4.577–14.060;P<0.001,vs rural),having other underlying diseases(OR=5.126;95%CI:3.078–8.537;P<0.001,vs none),having previously used TCM(OR=3.083;95%CI:1.852–5.134;P<0.001,vs not used),believing that TCM therapy is safe(OR=3.530;95%CI:1.446–8.616;P=0.006,vs not thought),believing that TCM therapy is effective(OR=3.859;95%CI:1.482–10.047;P=0.006,vs not understood),and being willing to discuss ongoing TCM therapy with an attending physician(OR=62.468;95%CI:30.350–128.574;P<0.001,vs not informed).Conclusion:This study initially investigated the acceptance,attitude,and independent predictors of TCM use among PD patients.To expand the prevalence of TCM use among patients with PD,we recommend to broadening the public outreach for TCM via contemporary means of Internet and broadcast communication,enhancing access to TCM services in rural communities,and strengthening the communication between doctors and patients.

Discussing the Dietary Regimen and Disease Prevention and its Application as an Anti‑epidemic Measure

This article discusses the role of dietary regimen in the traditional culture of Chinese medicine according to its origin.Dietary regimen is a technique that inherits the traditional culture of Chinese medicine.Through analysis of the characteristics of the dietary regimen and the discussion of the idea of disease prevention,the application of the dietary regimen in disease prevention is sought.Under the guidance of three key factors,the application of the dietary regimen in disease prevention is mainly manifested in two aspects.First,the dietary regimen can be used to guide the daily reasonable diet to maintain the human body in a balance of Yin and Yang,which could prevent the occurrence of diseases.Second,on the basis of minimizing health loss,it can be used for disease treatment,adjuvant treatment,and rehabilitation.Finally,taking preventive treatment as the guiding ideology,the application of a dietary regimen as an“anti‑epidemic”was briefly discussed.

Effectiveness of Integrative Medicine Therapy on Coronary Artery Disease Prognosis: A Real-World Study

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of integrative medicine(IM) on patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) and investigate the prognostic factors of CAD in a real-world setting. Methods: A total of 1,087 hospitalized patients with CAD from four hospitals in Beijing, China were consecutively selected between August 2011 and February 2012. The patients were assigned to two groups based on the treatment: Chinese medicine(CM) plus conventional treatment, i.e., IM therapy(IM group); or conventional treatment alone(CT group). The endpoint was major adverse cardiac events [MACE; including cardiac death, myocardial infarction(MI), and revascularization]. Results: A total of 1,040 patients finished the 2-year follow-up. Of them, 49.4%(514/1,040) received IM therapy. During the 2-year follow-up, the total incidence of MACE was 11.3%. Most of the events involved revascularization(9.3%). Cardiac death/MI occurred in 3.0% of cases. For revascularization, logistic stepwise regression analysis revealed that age 65 years [odds ratio(OR), 2.224], MI(OR, 2.561), diabetes mellitus(OR, 1.650), multi-vessel lesions(OR, 2.554), baseline high sensitivity C-reactive protein level 3 mg/L(OR, 1.678), and moderate or severe anxiety/depression(OR, 1.849) were negative predictors(P<0.05); while anti-platelet agents(OR, 0.422), β-blockers(OR, 0.626), statins(OR, 0.318), and IM therapy(OR, 0.583) were protective predictors(P<0.05). For cardiac death/MI, age 65 years(OR, 6.389) and heart failure(OR, 7.969) were negative predictors(P<0.05), while statin use(OR, 0.323) was a protective predictor(P<0.05) and IM therapy showed a beneficial tendency(OR, 0.587), although the difference was not statistically significant(P=0.218). Conclusion: In a real-world setting, for patients with CAD, IM therapy was associated with a decreased incidence of revascularization and showed a potential benefit in reducing the incidence of cardiac death or MI.

Multicenter clinical efficacy observation of integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine-Western Medicine treatment in acute onset period of pulmonary heart disease

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine-Western Medicine(TCM-WM) in the treatment of acute onset pulmonary heart disease(PHD).METHODS: A total of 240 patients met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled. These inpatients were divided into group A(treatment group) and B(control group) in order of admission according to the principles of randomization and control. The research was performed simultaneously in three hospitals. Two groups were given basic treatment that included: controlled oxygen therapy, active and effective anti-infection, maintaining airway patency,correcting O_2 deficiency and CO_2 retention, correcting acid-base imbalance and electrolyte disturbance, reducing pulmonary hypertension and treating right heart failure, nutritional support and treatment of complications. Group A was given basic treatment and integrated Traditional Chinese Medi-cine(TCM) differentiating therapy; group B was given basic therapy and a placebo that was similar in appearance and taste to TCM medicinal broth of pharmaceutical preparations, provided by Yibin Pharmaceutical Company(Yibin, China, Wuliangye Group).RESULTS: The mortality in the treatment group decreased by 4.98% compared with the control group. The treatment group reported improved ventilation, corrected hypoxemia, improved nutritional status and promoted digestive functions. It also significantly improved the patient's self-life skills, improved the patient's quality of life and could shorten the length of hospital stay.CONCLUSION: Comprehensive integrated TCMWM treatment showed good clinical efficacy toward the acute onset period of PHD patients.

Bibliometric Analysis of Diseases Spectrum of Moxibustion Therapy

Objective： To make a bibliometric analysis and evaluation of acupuncture-moxibustion papers on moxibustion therapy published from 1954 to 2007, thus to reflect the diseases spectrum of moxibustion therapy and proper indications of moxibustion therapy objectively. Methods： Statistics were taken by a bibliometric analysis of the data from China Modern Acupuncture-moxibustion Information Databank. Results and Conclusion： The diseases spectrum of moxibustion therapy has 364 kinds of diseases. The most proper indications of moxibustion therapy are malposition, diarrhea, and colitis. The common proper indications are urinary incontinence and dysmenorrhea. The next common proper indications are knee osteoarthritis, temporomandibular joint disturbance syndrome, soft tissue injury, heel pain, asthma, urinary retention and herpes zoster. Diseases spectrum of moxibustion therapy varies with time.

Association between Chinese Medicine Therapy and Survival Outcomes in Postoperative Patients with NSCLC: A Multicenter, Prospective, Cohort Study

Objective:To evaluate the association between Chinese medicine(CM)therapy and disease-free survival(DFS)outcomes in postoperative patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:This multiple-center prospective cohort study was conducted in 13 medical centers in China.Patients with stage I,II,or IDA NSCLC who had undergone radical resection and received conventional postoperative treatment according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network(NCCN)guidelines were recruited.The recruited patients were divided into a CM treatment group and a control group according to their wishes.Patients in the CM treatment group received continuous CM therapy for more than 6 months or until disease progression.Patients in the control group received CM therapy for less than 1 month.Follow-up was 8nducted over 3 years.The primary outcome was DFS,with recurrence/metastasis rates as a secondary outcome.Results:Between May 2013 and August 2016,503 patients were enrolled into the cohort;266 were classified in the CM treatment group and 237 in the control group.Adjusting for covariates,high exposure to CM was associated with better DFS[hazard ratio(HR)=0.417,95%confidential interval(Cl):0.307-0.567)].A longer duration of CM therapy(6-12 months,12-18 months,>24 months)was associated with lower recurrence and metastasis rates(HR=0.225,0.119 and 0.083,respectively).In a subgroup exploratory analysis,CM therapy was also a protective factor of cancer recurrence and metastasis in both stage n-MA(HR=0.50,95%Cl:0.37-0.67)and stage IDA NSCLC postoperative patients(HR=0.48,95%Cl:0.33-0.71),DFS was even longer among CM treatment group patients.Conclusions:Lon ger duration of CM therapy could be 8nsidered a protective factor of cancer recurrence and metastasis.CM treatment is associated with improving survival outcomes of postoperative NSCLC patients in China.

Chinese Medicine,Which Targets Body's Response State,Is An Effective Way to Treat Epidemic Infectious Diseases

In the fight against epidemic infectious diseases in the past 2,000 years,Chinese medicine(CM)has gradually developed a complete response system including diagnosis and treatment.The focal point of CM in the treatment of infectious diseases is the personalized response state to pathogen,which is a treatment method consistent with the personalized concept of precision medicine.Compared with the methods of directly killing or inactivating pathogens,which are used in modern medicine,CM is an effective treatment modality that has a wider range of points of action in the human body.The remarkable effects achieved while treating SARS in 2003 and the current coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pneumonia and the history of the effective responses to epidemics in the past 2,000 years have fully demonstrated the effectiveness of CM in treating infectious diseases.This article discusses the different treatment mechanisms for infectious diseases in CM and modern medicine and the advantages of CM methods,which will reacquaint the world with CM.The improvement of the diagnosis and treatment system of CM based on scientific concepts and methods and the organic combination of both treatment methods of modern medicine and CM will provide the best solution for humans to defeat epidemic infectious diseases.

Text Mining and Analysis of Treatise on Febrile Diseases Based on Natural Language Processing

Objective:With using natural language processing (NLP) technology to analyze and process the text of "Treatise on Febrile Diseases (TFDs)"for the sake of finding important information, this paper attempts to apply NLP in the field of text mining of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)literature. Materials and Methods:Based on the Python language, the experiment invoked the NLP toolkit such as Jieba, nltk, gensim,and sklearn library, and combined with Excel and Word software. The text of "TFDs" was sequentially cleaned, segmented, and moved the stopped words, and then implementing word frequency statistics and analysis, keyword extraction, named entity recognition (NER) and other operations, finally calculating text similarity. Results:Jieba can accurately identify the herbal name in "TFDs." Word frequency statistics based on the word segmentation found that "warm therapy" is an important treatment of "TFDs." Guizhi decoction is the main prescription,and five core decoctions are identified. Keyword extraction based on the term "frequency-inverse document frequency" algorithm is ideal.The accuracy of NER in "TFDs" is about 86%;latent semantic indexing model calculating the similarity,"Understanding of Synopsis of Golden Chamber (SGC)" is much more similar with "SGC" than with "TFDs." The results meet expectation. Conclusions:It lays a research foundation for applying NLP to the field of text mining of unstructured TCM literature. With the combination of deep learning technology,NLP as an important branch of artificial intelligence will have broader application prospective in the field of text mining in TCM literature and construction of TCM knowledge graph as well as TCM knowledge services.

Response to Epidemic Disease in Ancient China and its Characteristics

This article introduces the history of epidemic diseases in China and analyzes its characteristics.It aims to explore the relationships between human beings and nature,nation and society,which enlightened us to understand and recognize the influence factors and historical logic behind the history.

基于文献计量分析皮内针疗法适宜病症与临床应用进展

目的基于文献计量分析皮内针疗法的临床文献,探讨皮内针疗法的适宜病症与临床应用进展。方法通过计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库(Wanfang data)和维普中文期刊数据库中与皮内针疗法相关的临床研究文献,应用文献计量学的方法对皮内针疗法发文量、病谱和适宜病症进行分析。结果临床涉及论文共2220篇,近10年发文量显著增长。皮内针疗法临床涉及病症208种。一级适宜病症为手术后疼痛、失眠症、偏瘫、面神经麻痹;二级适宜病症为肩痛、颈椎病、癌痛、膝骨关节炎、腰椎间盘移位、便秘、头痛;三级适宜病症为带状疱疹、遗尿、放化疗后不良反应、变应性鼻炎、呃逆、面肌痉挛;四级适宜病症包括痛经、高血压、糖尿病、胃肠功能紊乱、痹证、吞咽障碍、腰扭伤、肥胖症。结论皮内针疗法是近年来的临床研究热点,其治疗疾病以痛症居多,其次为各类慢性病。不同针具中,揿针的应用受到广泛关注。

肺系疫病海派中医临床诊疗专家共识

疫病是外感疫疠邪气所引起的,具有强烈传染性,且易引起大流行的一类急性发热性疾病的统称,也可称作“瘟疫”“瘟病”等。肺系疫病是以肺系为主要传染部位的一类疫病,相当于西医呼吸系统传染病范畴,包括传染性非典型肺炎、流行性感冒和新型冠状病毒感染等疾病,主要以发热、咳嗽为主症,常伴有肌肉酸痛、头痛、乏力等全身症状。

中医视角下发热门诊2021-2022年7203例患者疾病谱研究

目的研究日常急性发热患者的疾病谱分布、发病时令、年龄、体温峰值特征。方法选取首都医科大学附属北京中医医院发热门诊,2021年1月20日(大寒节气)至2022年1月20日(大寒节气)全年就诊的急性发热患者为研究对象,总结日常急性发热患者的疾病谱分布、发病时令、年龄、体温峰值特征。结果2021年1月20日至2022年1月20日,共有7203例患者就诊于北京中医医院发热门诊,排除仅来门诊筛查且无发热等11类临床症状的患者及复诊患者4052例,最终纳入3151例初诊患者。疾病谱分布情况:上呼吸道细菌感染类疾病957例(30.37%)、感冒(非细菌感染)类疾病801例(25.42%)、胃肠道感染类疾病571例(18.12%)、肺炎等下呼吸道细菌感染类疾病446例(14.15%)、泌尿系感染类疾病149例(4.73%)、皮肤软组织感染类疾病71例(2.25%)、外科相关感染类疾病66例(2.09%)、免疫相关发热疾病27例(0.86%)、其他伴随发热的杂病63例(2.00%)。进一步研究了疾病谱前5种疾病的发病时令、年龄分布、体温峰值特点,结果发现高发时令均在夏季和冬季,不同疾病谱的多发年龄、体温峰值存在统计学差异。结论日常急性发热患者的疾病谱以肺系疾病为主(含上呼吸道细菌感染、感冒、肺炎等),其次为胃肠道和泌尿系疾病;极寒极热时令是日常急性发热性疾病的高发时令;肺炎和泌尿系感染好发于老年人群,且体温峰值较上呼吸道感染、感冒、胃肠道感染更高。

“辽派中医”医籍《集验良方》六经证治述略

“辽派中医”是根植于东北文化基础上的一个具有区域特色的地方医学流派,有着悠久的历史传统和深厚的学术底蕴,从古至今产生了诸多医学名家及经典著作。文章重点归纳了“辽派中医”代表医籍《集验良方》一书中伤寒六经证治的学术思想特点。分析探讨《集验良方》所蕴含的学术思想、辨证方法、遣方用药,对梳理“辽派中医”的传承脉络,发掘古代医家学术思想及效方验方,对当今中医药学术经验继承工作具有重要的参考意义。中医药学源远流长,传承千载而不衰,薪火相传的学术流派发展与传承是中医药发展的一个重要途径。把握中医药传承的基本规律,推进中医药传承工作全面健康发展,是当今中医药工作者面临的首要的、最为紧迫的战略任务。

《伤寒论》《金匮要略》问诊研究

问诊是医者重要诊病技能。善问者,有条不紊并处处直指要害;不善问者,天马行空且杂乱无序。文章试结合《伤寒论》《金匮要略》来探讨问诊在临床中的应用,分别从问以获知发病诱因、问以知治疗史、问以知既往史、问以获知现症、问以指导辨证、问以知药后情况这六方面展开。在此基础上,挖掘问诊背后的思维,归纳出整体观、联系观、主次观、恒动观、除外观等思维观念。最后,介绍自拟问诊思维歌诀以助记忆,并提醒临床问诊应主动运用。希望文章所做出的工作成果能有益于中医临床。

经方治疗癌症临床运用与若干学术问题的探讨

《伤寒杂病论》是中医临床诊疗技能的典范,奠定了中医临床各科(包括中医肿瘤学)的临床诊疗规范,其中所载方药被尊称为“经方”。在癌症成为慢性病、多发病的今天,经方治癌在临床广泛展开并获得较好的疗效,成为中医肿瘤学“消癥散结、扶正补虚”的重要组成部分。笔者提出癌症是古老的现代性疾病,高龄癌症、有共患病者是经方治疗的敏感性人群,采用辨病与辨证结合能提高疗效,选用“他山石”为我“攻玉”之需要,将有利于开拓经方治癌新局面。