The article deals with the question of whether far-right parties are able to influence the political and party system in the contemporary state. Far-right parties have acquired special political features that are grou...The article deals with the question of whether far-right parties are able to influence the political and party system in the contemporary state. Far-right parties have acquired special political features that are grounded on a broad variety of far-right ideological norms and political instruments. Far-right parties challenge the state government and policy offering the key （anti-immigration politics） to solve a variety of complicated issues. The main idea of the article is that far-right parties are flexible enough in their political rhetoric and instruments to gain electoral support. Based on different concepts and theories we should underline that far-right parties have a prominent electoral future but their place in the political arena greatly depends on existing conflicts of social and cultural nature in the nation-state.展开更多
Based on the following two points that one is the social disorder resulted from the“republic”since the Revolution of 1911 and the other is constant reflection on the recognition of the political values of western po...Based on the following two points that one is the social disorder resulted from the“republic”since the Revolution of 1911 and the other is constant reflection on the recognition of the political values of western political parties,Li Dazhao places his hope on awakening and strength of the people to deal with the gap between republican political ideal and social reality of the Republic of China finally.This kind of emphasis and expectation on the power of people makes up a key factor assisting Li Dazhao’s early conversion to Marxism.展开更多
This paper presents a protocol for probabilistic remote preparation of a high-dimensional equatorial multiqubit with four-party, consisting of a sender and three receivers. The quantum channel is composed of a partial...This paper presents a protocol for probabilistic remote preparation of a high-dimensional equatorial multiqubit with four-party, consisting of a sender and three receivers. The quantum channel is composed of a partial entangled high-dimensional four-particle state. We calculate the successful total probability and the total classical communication cost required for this scheme. It is shown that both the entangled resources and classical communication cost are greatly reduced.展开更多
In recent years,the Republican Party of the United States has held a negative perception of China,passed confrontational policies targeting China,and maintained a hard-line stance toward China.With this hard-line stan...In recent years,the Republican Party of the United States has held a negative perception of China,passed confrontational policies targeting China,and maintained a hard-line stance toward China.With this hard-line stance,the Republican Party and United States conservatives have sought to ignite a new culture war related to foreign policy and national security and gain political leverage amidst a climate of political polarization.The Republican Party’s strategy has not only intensified partisan conflicts and accelerated societal collapse in the United States but has also obstructed the development of China-US relations.Consequently,the China factor has transformed the United States’national security strategy to an unprecedented degree.In the near future,the United States’policy toward China will become intimately tied to the vicissitudes of the Republican Party and the political actions of powerful men in the United States.展开更多
We present a scheme for probabilistic remote preparation of an entangled two-qubit state with three parties from a sender to either of two receivers. The quantum channel is composed of a paxtially entangled two-qubit ...We present a scheme for probabilistic remote preparation of an entangled two-qubit state with three parties from a sender to either of two receivers. The quantum channel is composed of a paxtially entangled two-qubit state and a partially entangled three-qubit state. We calculate the successful total probabilities of the scheme in general and particular cases, respectively. We also calculate total classical communication cost in a general case and two particular cases, respectively.展开更多
The three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania make for interesting comparative case studies in the rise of contemporary populism in Europe. All three countries share a similar modem history, democratic poli...The three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania make for interesting comparative case studies in the rise of contemporary populism in Europe. All three countries share a similar modem history, democratic political system, level of economic development and are in the same western-oriented regional clubs （NATO, European Union, OSCE, European Council and, in the case of Estonia and Latvia, OECD, etc.）. However, they do differ in the extent to which populism has played a role in their national politics. Populism has played a marginal role in Estonian politics, but has long been central to the Latvian party system and influential in Lithuanian politics. This article tackles two key issues in the study of populism. First, it focuses on political party institutionalisation as the key variable in explaining the differing impact of populist political parties across the Baltic states. It examines and explains the higher turnover of political party creation and destruction in Latvia and, to a lesser extent, Lithuania and argues that institutions--and par- ticularly the laws that frame party organisations and participation in elections-- create political opportunities for populist parties. The second part of the paper considers the different types of populist parties to have emerged in the Baltic states in recent decades. While previous studies of populism in the Baltic states （such as Auers and Kasekamp in J Contemp Eur Stud 17（2）：241-254, 2009; Auers and Kasekamp, in： Wodak et al （eds） Right wing populism across/beyond Europe, Bloomsbury Academic Press, London 2013） have explicitly focused on Radical Right Populist parties, this article additionally identifies a number of parties in the region that are not explicitly radical right, but are certainly populist.展开更多
The year 2015 has witnessed great passion for startups in China.But what these startups care most is whether there are national policy measures to support their business.During the NPC and CPPCC sessions this year,&qu...The year 2015 has witnessed great passion for startups in China.But what these startups care most is whether there are national policy measures to support their business.During the NPC and CPPCC sessions this year,"Mass startups and innovation"has been mentioned in the government work report.The展开更多
文摘The article deals with the question of whether far-right parties are able to influence the political and party system in the contemporary state. Far-right parties have acquired special political features that are grounded on a broad variety of far-right ideological norms and political instruments. Far-right parties challenge the state government and policy offering the key （anti-immigration politics） to solve a variety of complicated issues. The main idea of the article is that far-right parties are flexible enough in their political rhetoric and instruments to gain electoral support. Based on different concepts and theories we should underline that far-right parties have a prominent electoral future but their place in the political arena greatly depends on existing conflicts of social and cultural nature in the nation-state.
基金supported by Research Project on Major Theoretical and Practical Issues of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Shanxi Province named on“Research on the Early CPC’s Cognition of People’s Times and the Generation of Great Party Building Spirit”(2022ND0393)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities named on“Research on the Early Historical Formation of the Great Party Building Spirit”(XJS222110).
文摘Based on the following two points that one is the social disorder resulted from the“republic”since the Revolution of 1911 and the other is constant reflection on the recognition of the political values of western political parties,Li Dazhao places his hope on awakening and strength of the people to deal with the gap between republican political ideal and social reality of the Republic of China finally.This kind of emphasis and expectation on the power of people makes up a key factor assisting Li Dazhao’s early conversion to Marxism.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11074307 and 60974037)
文摘This paper presents a protocol for probabilistic remote preparation of a high-dimensional equatorial multiqubit with four-party, consisting of a sender and three receivers. The quantum channel is composed of a partial entangled high-dimensional four-particle state. We calculate the successful total probability and the total classical communication cost required for this scheme. It is shown that both the entangled resources and classical communication cost are greatly reduced.
文摘In recent years,the Republican Party of the United States has held a negative perception of China,passed confrontational policies targeting China,and maintained a hard-line stance toward China.With this hard-line stance,the Republican Party and United States conservatives have sought to ignite a new culture war related to foreign policy and national security and gain political leverage amidst a climate of political polarization.The Republican Party’s strategy has not only intensified partisan conflicts and accelerated societal collapse in the United States but has also obstructed the development of China-US relations.Consequently,the China factor has transformed the United States’national security strategy to an unprecedented degree.In the near future,the United States’policy toward China will become intimately tied to the vicissitudes of the Republican Party and the political actions of powerful men in the United States.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos 10404039 and 60674040)
文摘We present a scheme for probabilistic remote preparation of an entangled two-qubit state with three parties from a sender to either of two receivers. The quantum channel is composed of a paxtially entangled two-qubit state and a partially entangled three-qubit state. We calculate the successful total probabilities of the scheme in general and particular cases, respectively. We also calculate total classical communication cost in a general case and two particular cases, respectively.
文摘The three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania make for interesting comparative case studies in the rise of contemporary populism in Europe. All three countries share a similar modem history, democratic political system, level of economic development and are in the same western-oriented regional clubs （NATO, European Union, OSCE, European Council and, in the case of Estonia and Latvia, OECD, etc.）. However, they do differ in the extent to which populism has played a role in their national politics. Populism has played a marginal role in Estonian politics, but has long been central to the Latvian party system and influential in Lithuanian politics. This article tackles two key issues in the study of populism. First, it focuses on political party institutionalisation as the key variable in explaining the differing impact of populist political parties across the Baltic states. It examines and explains the higher turnover of political party creation and destruction in Latvia and, to a lesser extent, Lithuania and argues that institutions--and par- ticularly the laws that frame party organisations and participation in elections-- create political opportunities for populist parties. The second part of the paper considers the different types of populist parties to have emerged in the Baltic states in recent decades. While previous studies of populism in the Baltic states （such as Auers and Kasekamp in J Contemp Eur Stud 17（2）：241-254, 2009; Auers and Kasekamp, in： Wodak et al （eds） Right wing populism across/beyond Europe, Bloomsbury Academic Press, London 2013） have explicitly focused on Radical Right Populist parties, this article additionally identifies a number of parties in the region that are not explicitly radical right, but are certainly populist.
文摘The year 2015 has witnessed great passion for startups in China.But what these startups care most is whether there are national policy measures to support their business.During the NPC and CPPCC sessions this year,"Mass startups and innovation"has been mentioned in the government work report.The
