Bitterness and astringency are important sensory properties for evaluating quality of tea.The research advances in the mechanism of tea astringency and bitterness,astringent and bitter tasting components and their eva...Bitterness and astringency are important sensory properties for evaluating quality of tea.The research advances in the mechanism of tea astringency and bitterness,astringent and bitter tasting components and their evaluations were reviewed in the present paper.The astringency arises from the interaction of salivary proteins with polyphenols which depends on the structure of both the polyphenols and the proteins.Bitter and astringent compounds in tea include phenolic acids,catechins and their oxidized products,flavonol glycosides and proanthocyanidins.There are many factors influencing on astringency and bitterness including the interaction between taste substances,repeated ingestion,saliva flow and its composition and acidity.Sensory assessment and instrumental evaluation were used in the evaluation of astringency.展开更多
Umami is one of the five basic tastes and an important taste attribute of green tea.Amino acids are major components contributing to umami taste and the top three amino acids in tea are theanine,glutamic acid and aspa...Umami is one of the five basic tastes and an important taste attribute of green tea.Amino acids are major components contributing to umami taste and the top three amino acids in tea are theanine,glutamic acid and aspartic acid.Trace of umami taste components adenosine monophosphate(AMP) and guanosine monophosphate(GMP) were detected in tea.Levels of umami taste components varied with tea cultivar,environmental conditions,fertilizer and processing method.The taste threshold of amino acids differentiated greatly and its DOT(dose over threshold) is an important indicator evaluating its contribution to umami taste.展开更多
通过对现代工艺六堡茶渥堆过程样品进行感官审评及电子舌、色差、主要生化成分测定,研究六堡茶渥堆过程中色泽及滋味成分的变化规律,并探讨了滋味属性的变化与滋味成分之间的相关性及滋味活度值(taste active value,TAV)。结果表明,现...通过对现代工艺六堡茶渥堆过程样品进行感官审评及电子舌、色差、主要生化成分测定,研究六堡茶渥堆过程中色泽及滋味成分的变化规律,并探讨了滋味属性的变化与滋味成分之间的相关性及滋味活度值(taste active value,TAV)。结果表明,现代工艺渥堆过程中,六堡茶酸味、苦味上升,涩味、鲜味及咸味下降,色差L值波动变化,a、b值逐渐升高,汤色由黄转变为橙红,游离氨基酸、黄酮、茶多酚、茶叶碱、儿茶素总量、氨基酸组分总量显著下降(P<0.05),可可碱、咖啡碱、没食子酸显著上升(P<0.05),水浸出物含量呈波动变化。游离氨基酸、黄酮、酯型儿茶素、DL-儿茶素(DL-catechin, DL-C)及部分氨基酸组分与酸味和苦味显著负相关,与涩味、鲜味及咸味显著正相关,咖啡碱与没食子酸则相反;茶多酚与涩味显著正相关。咖啡碱、可可碱、没食子酸、DL-C及酯型儿茶素对渥堆过程中六堡茶的滋味具显著贡献(TAV> 1),其中酯型儿茶素与没食子酸是六堡茶渥堆过程滋味品质形成的重要化合物,氨基酸组分对六堡茶滋味无显著贡献。展开更多
以26个品种(系)叶用枸杞芽叶干样及鲜叶为材料,采用感官评价和代谢组学技术并结合多元统计分析对其感官品质和代谢物进行分析。感官评价结果表明,叶用枸杞芽叶干样滋味醇厚、鲜爽、有甜味;液相色谱-质谱联用结果显示,叶用枸杞芽叶中共...以26个品种(系)叶用枸杞芽叶干样及鲜叶为材料,采用感官评价和代谢组学技术并结合多元统计分析对其感官品质和代谢物进行分析。感官评价结果表明,叶用枸杞芽叶干样滋味醇厚、鲜爽、有甜味;液相色谱-质谱联用结果显示,叶用枸杞芽叶中共鉴定出879种代谢物,包括氨基酸及其衍生物、黄酮类、酚酸类、糖类、核苷酸及其衍生物、木脂素和香豆素、生物碱、萜类、有机酸、脂质10类。根据偏最小二乘判别分析模型及单因素方差分析筛选出211种差异代谢物,主要富集在亚油酸代谢、类黄酮生物合成、黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成、苯丙醇生物合成、半乳糖代谢等代谢通路,此外还发现,氨基酸及其衍生物、黄酮、糖类和脂类是区分不同品种(系)叶用枸杞芽代谢物的重要组分。偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression,PLSR)分析表明,表儿茶素、异槲皮素、芦丁等26种代谢物共同影响叶用枸杞茶醇、厚、鲜、甜和苦等滋味。感官评价结合PLSR分析结果表明,‘宁杞菜1号’‘宁杞9号’、Z90、Z68、Q3、Q6-13和Z487种叶用枸杞具有感官品质较好且滋味物质丰富的特点。展开更多
基金financially supported by the Coca-Cola Beverage (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd
文摘Bitterness and astringency are important sensory properties for evaluating quality of tea.The research advances in the mechanism of tea astringency and bitterness,astringent and bitter tasting components and their evaluations were reviewed in the present paper.The astringency arises from the interaction of salivary proteins with polyphenols which depends on the structure of both the polyphenols and the proteins.Bitter and astringent compounds in tea include phenolic acids,catechins and their oxidized products,flavonol glycosides and proanthocyanidins.There are many factors influencing on astringency and bitterness including the interaction between taste substances,repeated ingestion,saliva flow and its composition and acidity.Sensory assessment and instrumental evaluation were used in the evaluation of astringency.
基金financially supported by the Coca-Cola Beverage (Shanghai) Co.,Ltd
文摘Umami is one of the five basic tastes and an important taste attribute of green tea.Amino acids are major components contributing to umami taste and the top three amino acids in tea are theanine,glutamic acid and aspartic acid.Trace of umami taste components adenosine monophosphate(AMP) and guanosine monophosphate(GMP) were detected in tea.Levels of umami taste components varied with tea cultivar,environmental conditions,fertilizer and processing method.The taste threshold of amino acids differentiated greatly and its DOT(dose over threshold) is an important indicator evaluating its contribution to umami taste.
文摘通过对现代工艺六堡茶渥堆过程样品进行感官审评及电子舌、色差、主要生化成分测定,研究六堡茶渥堆过程中色泽及滋味成分的变化规律,并探讨了滋味属性的变化与滋味成分之间的相关性及滋味活度值(taste active value,TAV)。结果表明,现代工艺渥堆过程中,六堡茶酸味、苦味上升,涩味、鲜味及咸味下降,色差L值波动变化,a、b值逐渐升高,汤色由黄转变为橙红,游离氨基酸、黄酮、茶多酚、茶叶碱、儿茶素总量、氨基酸组分总量显著下降(P<0.05),可可碱、咖啡碱、没食子酸显著上升(P<0.05),水浸出物含量呈波动变化。游离氨基酸、黄酮、酯型儿茶素、DL-儿茶素(DL-catechin, DL-C)及部分氨基酸组分与酸味和苦味显著负相关,与涩味、鲜味及咸味显著正相关,咖啡碱与没食子酸则相反;茶多酚与涩味显著正相关。咖啡碱、可可碱、没食子酸、DL-C及酯型儿茶素对渥堆过程中六堡茶的滋味具显著贡献(TAV> 1),其中酯型儿茶素与没食子酸是六堡茶渥堆过程滋味品质形成的重要化合物,氨基酸组分对六堡茶滋味无显著贡献。
文摘以26个品种(系)叶用枸杞芽叶干样及鲜叶为材料,采用感官评价和代谢组学技术并结合多元统计分析对其感官品质和代谢物进行分析。感官评价结果表明,叶用枸杞芽叶干样滋味醇厚、鲜爽、有甜味;液相色谱-质谱联用结果显示,叶用枸杞芽叶中共鉴定出879种代谢物,包括氨基酸及其衍生物、黄酮类、酚酸类、糖类、核苷酸及其衍生物、木脂素和香豆素、生物碱、萜类、有机酸、脂质10类。根据偏最小二乘判别分析模型及单因素方差分析筛选出211种差异代谢物,主要富集在亚油酸代谢、类黄酮生物合成、黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成、苯丙醇生物合成、半乳糖代谢等代谢通路,此外还发现,氨基酸及其衍生物、黄酮、糖类和脂类是区分不同品种(系)叶用枸杞芽代谢物的重要组分。偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression,PLSR)分析表明,表儿茶素、异槲皮素、芦丁等26种代谢物共同影响叶用枸杞茶醇、厚、鲜、甜和苦等滋味。感官评价结合PLSR分析结果表明,‘宁杞菜1号’‘宁杞9号’、Z90、Z68、Q3、Q6-13和Z487种叶用枸杞具有感官品质较好且滋味物质丰富的特点。
