Quantitative analysis on strengthening mechanism of ultra-thin hot strip of low carbon steel produced by CSP technique

Based on experimental data of positron annihilation technology, electrolyticdissolution technique, electron back-scattered pattern, etc. and by analysis the strengtheningfactors, the strengthening mechanism of ultra-thin hot strip of low carbon steel produced by CSP(Compact Strip Production) technique was investigated. The value of each strengthening mechanism andits contribution percentage to yield strength were achieved. The results show that refinementstrengthening is the predominant strengthening mode; precipitation strengthening and dislocationstrengthening are second to it, their contributions to yield strength are almost equal.

Integration of“Learning to Strengthen the Country”and“Offline Teaching”Concepts in the“Curriculum Ideology and Politics”Education among Graduate Students

Since the socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered this new era,the“curriculum ideology and politics”concept has become one of the innovative achievements in the reformation of ideological and political education courses in colleges as well as universities.Based on the emphasis of“curriculum ideology and politics”among graduate students and the influence of the“learning to strengthen the country”concept,this article analyzes universities in regard to the curriculum settings,faculties,and their graduate students.It also explores the“curriculum ideology and politics”concept in consideration of the ontology of teaching,school education,social influence,etc.,and propose practical and extendable countermeasures.

Experimental study and analysis on fatigue stiffness of RC beams strengthened with CFRP and steel plate

The objective of this work is to investigate the fatigue behavior of reinforced concrete(RC) beams strengthened with externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer(CFRP) and steel plate. An experimental investigation and theoretical analysis were made on the law of deflection development and stiffness degradation, as well as the influence of fatigue load ranges. Test results indicate that the law of three-stage change under fatigue loading is followed by both midspan deflection and permanent deflection, which also have positive correlation with fatigue load amplitude. Fatigue stiffness of composite strengthened beams degrades gradually with the increasing of number of cycles. Based on the experimental results, a theoretical model by effective moment of inertia method is developed for calculating the sectional stiffness of such composite strengthened beams under fatigue loading, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.

Strengthening Weak Healthcare Systems for Maternal and Neonatal Care in Low and Middle Income Countries: The Missing Link

Introduction: Preventable maternal and newborn mortalities still occur in local communities in Kenya since access to maternal and newborn healthcare services remains a big challenge. Barriers to access in resource-constrained settings have not been examined adequately in literature. The World Health Organization (WHO) has 6 building blocks for strengthening healthcare systems that informed this study. This paper examines how user-side and institutional factors influence access and use of Maternal and Newborn Healthcare (MNH) Services in Matayos sub-County-Busia County. Methods: A mixed method approach, with an ethnographic inquiry and a descriptive cross-sectional design, was adopted to assess access to MNH services in Matayos-Busia County, Western Kenya. Postpartum women who had delivered within the previous 12 months and health care providers in the study area were recruited as respondents. A total of 348 postpartum women were selected through stratified systematic random sampling for the survey. Purposive sampling was used to select postpartum women, conventional and traditional health care providers for 16 in-depth interviews and 7 focus group discussions. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data analysis was done thematically. Results: Institutional delivery was low at 68% and family planning at 75% although demand for services was high at 99%. User-side barriers to access included shared beliefs and practices in the community;high direct transport costs from home;and high costs for missing drugs and other supplies in hospitals. Middle (5th-7th) order deliveries occurred at home with traditional birth attendants. The choice of place of delivery in households was influenced by spouses to respondents and communities of residence where respondents lived or were married. All 6 WHO health system building blocks were weak in Matayos sub-County and needed system-wide strengthening involving all pillars. The user-community voice alone was insufficient and the 7th pillar for user-community engagement was absent. The underlying factors were weak governance and underfunding for healthcare. Conclusion: The six WHO building blocks were inadequate due to weak governance and inadequate funding. User-community engagement, the 7th Pillar, was absent in these resource-limited settings. We recommend user-community empowerment, engagement and participation, adoption of a system thinking approach and adequate funding.

Anesthetic management for small bowel enteroscopy in a World Gastroenterology Organization Endoscopy Training Center

AIM:To study the anesthetic management of patients undergoing small bowel enteroscopy in the World Gastroenterology Organization(WGO) Endoscopy Training Center in Thailand.METHODS:Patients who underwent small bowel enteroscopy during the period of March 2005 to March 2011 in Siriraj Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Center were retrospectively analyzed.The patients' characteristics,pre-anesthetic problems,anesthetic techniques,anesthetic agents,anesthetic time,type and route of procedure and anesthesia-related complications were assessed.RESULTS:One hundred and forty-four patients underwent this procedure during the study period.The mean age of the patients was 57.6 ± 17.2 years,andmost were American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) class Ⅱ(53.2%).Indications for this procedure were gastrointestinal bleeding(59.7%),chronic diarrhea(14.3%),protein losing enteropathy(2.6%) and others(23.4%).Hematologic disease,hypertension,heart disease and electrolyte imbalance were the most common pre-anesthetic problems.General anesthesia with endotracheal tube was the anesthetic technique mainly employed(50.6%).The main anesthetic agents administered were fentanyl,propofol and midazolam.The mean anesthetic time was 94.0 ± 50.5 min.Single balloon and oral(antegrade) intubation was the most common type and route of enteroscopy.The anesthesia-related complication rate was relatively high.The overall and cardiovascular-related complication rates including hypotension in the older patient group(aged ≥ 60 years old) were significantly higher than those in the younger group.CONCLUSION:During anesthetic management for small bowel enteroscopy,special techniques and drugs are not routinely required.However,for safety reasons anesthetic personnel need to optimize the patient's condition.

R&B Initiative Strengthens the Cooperation Between China and Arab Countries

On April 2, the eighth Entrepreneurship Conference and the sixth Investment Seminar of the Sino-Arab Cooperation Forum were held in Tunisia.Chen Xiaoguang, Vice Chairman of the CPPCC, Gao Yan,Chairperson of the CCPIT, Youssef Chahed, Prime Minister of Tunisia,and officials and entrepreneurs from both sides attended the conference.Chen Xiaoguang delivered a speech at the opening ceremony of the conference, saying that both China and Arab States agreed to establish a strategic partnership of comprehensive cooperation.

建设高质量的科学教育体系——习近平总书记关于科学教育重要论述的逻辑框架与理论体系

习近平总书记关于科学教育的重要论述是新时代科学教育高质量开展的指导思想和根本遵循。运用综合集成法,深入学习和研究后发现,习近平总书记关于科学教育的重要论述主要体现为科学教育内容、科学教育途径和科学教育主体三个方面,构成了科学教育的本体论、方法论和主体论的“三论体系”,深刻体现了对科学教育规律与实践的洞察和把握。科学教育本体内容涉及多个领域,囊括自然科学技术、人文社会科学、创新创业能力和思想政治意识。高效实施科学教育要推进“四个优化”,即优化教育组织管理、人才队伍制度、项目运行机制、科学环境氛围,这构成了科学教育的方法论。目的与方法的有效结合有赖于人,也就是科学教育的主体论,这要求党委和政府统筹,部门协同推进;两院和两科结合,加强联动引领;学校作为主阵地,发挥主要作用;学校与企业合作,产学融合育人。

加强法治建设,为建设教育强国、科技强国、人才强国筑牢基石

教育、科技、人才是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的基础性、战略性支撑,统筹推进其一体化发展,基础在于加强法治建设。应立足中国实际,遵循法治规律,坚持顶层设计和法治实践相结合,聚焦党和国家的战略规划,针对实践中存在的问题、人民群众关切的重点问题,以及法律制度的空白点和冲突点,统筹推进教育、科技、人才三大领域的法治建设,具体措施为:统筹推进教育法治建设,优先加快教育立法;完善中国特色科技法律体系,以专项立法助力新兴技术的重点突破;夯实人才领域法治基石,营造以人为本、开放包容的人才发展环境。

历史·理论·实践:近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建逻辑新探--以中央国术馆为中心

从历史、理论、实践三重维度对近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的逻辑探赜,有助于深刻理解近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的内在逻辑和深层脉络。运用多重史料互证和历史与逻辑相统一的方法,基于话语构建视角,以中央国术馆为中心,围绕“强种救国”核心话语,探赜近代中国武术话语构建的三重逻辑。从历史逻辑看,在“国之病夫”的隐喻与“身之病夫”符号的共同作用下,所激发的尚武图强思潮,是近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的逻辑起点。从理论逻辑看,在救亡图存语境下,从国家、民族、社会三个层面,寄望通过对国民身体的征用、对民族体育的坚守和对武者身体的规训达至民族复振和国家强盛之目的,是近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的逻辑机理。从实践逻辑看,在国术救国历史主题叙事中,中央国术馆通过多种举措激活国民武术价值观念的认同机制、坚守传统筑牢国民武术文化自信的思想根基、国际推广构建民族文化符号和重塑国家形象,是近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的逻辑进路。以古鉴今,通过对近代中国武术“强种救国”话语构建的研究,提出中国武术应以国家意志为根本导向,以身国同构为逻辑理据,遵循民健国强发展进路的当代启示。

习近平总书记教育强国建设重要论述的历史理路和重大意义

习近平总书记教育强国建设重要论述的提出,既源于新时代教育实践的历史性成就,也基于改革开放40多年的伟大教育变革、中华人民共和国75年的伟大教育实践、中国共产党百余年领导人民从教育弱国、教育大国到教育强国的辉煌历程,具有极为深厚的历史基础和鲜明的历史脉络。习近平总书记在全国教育大会上的重要讲话,系统阐释了教育强国的科学内涵和基本路径,深刻阐述了教育强国建设要正确处理好的重大关系,系统部署了全面推进教育强国建设的战略任务和重大举措,形成了关于教育强国建设的一系列新思想、新观点、新论断。习近平总书记教育强国建设重要论述作为马克思主义中国化时代化在教育方面的最新成果,是实现2035年建成教育强国的根本遵循,具有重大的政治意义、理论意义、实践意义、文化意义和世界意义。

基于“交通强国”背景的土木类专业产教融合校企合作路径探究

旨在深入探讨土木类专业产教融合校企合作的重要性和实施路径,以期为高等教育实践教学改革和行业发展提供有益参考。通过校企合作模式分析、实践教学环节改革与创新和产学一体化项目推进,解决当前校企合作面临的挑战。强调需要从政策支持、机制建设、教师和企业导师培训等多个方面入手,全面提升校企合作的效果。通过不断优化校企合作模式和教学环节,有望为高质量人才培养和行业发展提供有力支持。

2023年度中国教育学研究进展与热点分析

由中国人民大学书报资料中心联合苏州大学期刊中心共同组织的“2023年度中国教育学十大学术热点”评选活动,凝聚了教育学界、期刊界和实践领域专家学者的学术共识,以简明的形式回顾了2023年度教育学研究的热点问题。这一年中国教育学研究者立足中国教育实践,聚焦现实教育问题,持续深化教育学科重大理论问题研究,主要集中于以下十大热点问题研究:中国教育学自主知识体系构建研究;教育现代化的传统根基、现实路径与未来图景;生成式人工智能与未来教育:潜能、价值与挑战;拔尖创新人才自主培养与科学教育的发展方向;中国特色教师教育体系的时代内涵与建设路径;跨学科学习视角下的教学与评价改革;高中多样化发展的现实问题与突破;现代职业教育体系建设研究;数字化转型赋能终身学习机制探索;老龄少子化背景下普惠托育服务的高质量发展。这些研究推动建构中国教育学自主知识体系,服务中国特色社会主义教育强国建设。

激光熔覆Ti_(3)V_(2)Nb基轻质高熵合金涂层耐磨性能的研究

为了制备具有合适微观结构和优异性能的轻质高熵合金(LHEA),采用激光熔覆技术在TC4基体上制备了不同Al、Ni物质的量比的Ti_(3)V_(2)NbAl_(x)Ni_(y)LHEA,对其微观结构及其摩擦磨损性能进行研究,并分析了添加微量MoB陶瓷颗粒对其组织性能的影响。结果表明,Ti_(3)V_(2)NbAl_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)、Ti_(3)V_(2)NbAl_(0.5)、Ti_(3)V_(2)NbNi_(0.5)涂层的物相由单一体心立方晶体(BCC)组成,而Ti_(3)V_(2)NbAl_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)/MoB涂层则形成了第2相A15相;相对基体的硬度,4种涂层的硬度均有提升;4种涂层的磨损形式主要为黏着磨损,磨痕内分布有黏着层与少量氧化层,此外也在磨痕内观察到轻微的磨粒磨损产生的犁沟特征,相对于基体的磨损率均有较大降低,其中Ti_(3)V_(2)NbAl_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)/MoB涂层的磨损率降低了51.1%。所制备的LHEA耐磨性好,可作为航空航天、国防设备制造等领域中TC4零件的保护性涂层。

教育强国建设视域下优质体育教育研究的全球实践与本土启示

党的二十大报告提出要加快建设教育强国,着重强调加快建设高质量教育体系。实现学校体育高质量发展是建设高质量教育体系、实现教育强国的核心构件,可从多年来国际推介的优质体育教育(QPE)研究中探寻发展思路。1978年以来,在联合国教科文组织的倡议与支持下,QPE研究已成为全球各国聚焦体育教育质量发展的核心议题。深入爬梳QPE研究的历程、主题等内容发现,国际QPE研究历经《宪章》的颁布—哈德曼的调查—全球项目的启动等事件推动及自身研究成果的不断积淀,历经研究孕育萌芽阶段、研究起步发展阶段和研究快速发展阶段,形成本体认识、顶层设计、学校开展、学生发展和工具开发等研究主题。在加快建设教育强国的主旋律下,QPE研究的全球实践可从优化学校体育顶层设计、鼓励社会力量参与体育、提升体育教师专业素养和创新学校体育评价方式等方面予以我国本土启示。

电化学强化水污染治理中羧甲基纤维素应用的研究进展

综述了电化学强化技术(EST)作为以微生物为催化剂进行水污染治理和能源回收的环境友好型水处理技术的研究进展;分析了羧甲基纤维素(CMC)利用丰富的羟基、羧基、羧甲基等基团与碳基、金属/金属氧化物等多种材料复合应用于EST中净水的可行性,发现CMC材料有利于提高EST的能量产率和稳定性;深入讨论了CMC材料在EST中进行污水治理的多种应用,包括作为黏结剂、分散剂、吸附剂等形式。未来应该重点从机理、方法、技术和应用4个角度对基于CMC材料的EST在水污染治理领域的应用进行研究。

基于改进的辛周期模态分解的滚动轴承复合故障诊断方法

辛周期模态分解(symplectic period mode decomposition, SPMD)方法可以准确地提取周期脉冲分量,是一种有效的滚动轴承单一故障诊断方法。但在滚动轴承出现复合故障时,尤其是强背景噪声下,周期脉冲信号往往较微弱,使得SPMD难以提取出不同周期的脉冲分量,进而限制了其在复合故障诊断中的应用。对此,提出了改进的辛周期模态分解(improved symplectic period mode decomposition, ISPMD)方法。该方法首先采用求差增强技术和最小噪声幅值反卷积相结合的方法对信号进行降噪,增强周期脉冲,以准确估计故障周期;然后构造对应的周期截断矩阵,并通过辛几何相似变换和周期冲击强度获得辛几何周期分量;最后对残差信号采用迭代分解,进而得到不同周期的辛几何周期分量。试验结果表明,ISPMD能准确提取出周期脉冲分量,是一种有效的滚动轴承复合故障诊断方法。

A modified model of Lundberg-Palmgren rolling contact fatigue formula considering the effects of surface treatments

The Lundberg–Palmgren(L–P)fatigue life formula,as a statistical fatigue theory,has been widely used in the industry.However,its direct applicability is limited to the components treated by surface strengthening technologies.Rolling contact fatigue tests and surface integrity measurements of American Iron and Steel Institute(AISI)9310 rollers with several surface treatments were performed to address this issue.Based on these results,a modified L–P fatigue model was proposed,enabling the consideration of surface modification including surface roughness,residual stress,and hardening introduced by different surface treatments.Compared with the original L–P fatigue formula,its results are more accurate for surface strengthened specimens.Furthermore,this method can assess the contact fatigue life of gears treated by surface strengthening techniques.

知识产权强国背景下我国知识产权公共政策体系研究

我国现行的知识产权公共政策可以总结为解构为“一体两翼”的模式,“一体”主要是指知识产权的本体政策,“两翼”是指与本国知识产权公共政策相关的配套政策和国际协调政策。与此同时,通过我国不同历史时期知识产权公共政策进行分期研究,展现出我国知识产权保护政策从宽到严,从跟随到赶超的变化;在国际合作领域,展现出从早期的技术引进,转向新设备的研发,上升到全方位加强国际合作与交流的变化。在我国从知识产权大国走向知识产权强国的征程中,应首先找准知识产权公共政策的定位。专门的知识产权战略的出台应与国家总体战略和布局更加紧密地结合。动态调整机制和推进计划的实施对于及时应对战略实施过程中出现的新情况、新问题是必不可少的。此外,依法保护知识产权,将法律和政策手段相结合,立足于我国未来的历史发展时期和战略定位,知识产权公共政策才能真正成为提高我们核心竞争力和创新能力的催化剂。

试论李觏事功思想的践行体系

李觏作为北宋时期著名的哲学家,颠覆了当时羞于言利的传统儒家思维,构建了独具特色的事功思想体系。李觏遵循逐利原则,针对当时北宋的社会现状,将思想重心置于现实生活中,力求从富国、安民、强兵三个层面践行事功思想,以达到救亡图存的目标。

统筹推进大中小学思政课一体化建设进展的研究综述

通过文献分析方法,从大中小学思政课一体化建设的生成背景、内涵阐释、价值意义、内容要求、现实困境和实践路径等方面梳理了现有研究成果,以期为进一步深化大中小学思政课一体化建设的理论和实践研究提供参考。研究发现:已有研究对推动思政课内涵式发展、落实立德树人的根本任务、贯彻党和国家的教育方针具有重要意义;研究多集中于宏观层面,存在学理性研究尚浅、一体化实践微观研究较少、研究整体性和系统性思维不够等不足;未来还需在深化基础理论、立足教学实践、拓展研究维度、强化大中小学思政课一体化共同体建设等方面进一步着力探索。