Analysis of Abnormal Temperature Change in Guanzhong Plain in the North of Qingling Mountains

In this study, we analyzed the changes of houdy temperature in some regions of Guanzhong Plain in the north of Qingling Mountains on December 4, 2012. The results show that daily variation of temperature was abnormal in some regions of Guanzhong Plain on December 4, 2012, and medium fog and haze inhibited the increase of air temperature in the urban area of Xi＇an in the morning of December 4, so that air temperature went up slowly during the day of December 4. The sinking of the northwest cold air before arriving Guanzhong Plain as well as atmospheric com- pression warming effect caused by Qinling terrain blocking were the main reasons for the abnormal increase of temperature in some areas of Guanzhong Plain. Compared with surrounding districts and counties, urban heat island effect was more obvious in the urban area of Xi＇an.

Abnormality of Magnetic Behavior and Resistivity of La_(0.7-x)Dy_x Sr_(0.3)MnO_3 (0.00≤x≤0.30)System at Low Temperature

By measuring M-T curves, ρ-T curves and MR-T curves of the samples under different temperatures, the influence of Dy doping （0.00 ≤ x ≤0.30） on the magnetic and electric properties of La0.7-xDyxSr0.3MnO3 has been studied. The experimental results show that, with the increase of the Dy content, the system undergoes a transition from long range ferromagnetic order to the cluster-spin glass state and further to antiferromagnetic order. For the samples with x=0.20 and 0.30, their magnetic behaviors are abnormal at low temperature, and their resistivities at low temperature have a minimum value. These peculiar phenomena not only come from the lattice effect induced by doping, but also from extra magnetic coupling induced by doping.

Effect of heat treatment temperature of the glaze lager on the structure and the formaldehyde removal performance of an interior wall tile

With the improvement of people’s living standards,a large number of petroleum products,daily necessities and decorations that can produce volatile organic compounds are used in decoration,which seriously affects the indoor air quality.Interior decoration materials have become a research hotspot in recent years.The purpose of this paper is to develop a kind of interior wall material with good indoor formaldehyde removal effect,easily using,and low cost.In this paper,combining different heat treatment temperatures of the glaze layer,tourmaline/diatomite-based interior wall tiles were prepared by ultrafine grinding,solid sintering,and low temperature calcination.The glaze layer under different heat treatment temperatures was characterized by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis,X-ray diffraction,and scanning electron microscope.The influences of heat treatment temperature on the microscopic morphology and structure of the glaze layer were analyzed.Taking formaldehyde as the target degradation product,the effects of tourmaline/diatomite-based interior wall tiles on the removal of formaldehyde under different heat treatment temperatures of the glaze layer were investigated.The results showed that with the increase in heat treatment temperature,the original pores of diatomite decreased,the specific surface area decreased,and the structure of tourmaline changed.At 850℃,the surface structure of the material was slightly damaged,the strength was increased,and the removal effect of formaldehyde was better.In a 1 m^(3) environmental chamber,the formaldehyde removal rate reached 73.6%in 300 min.When the temperature was increased to 950℃ and above,diatomite and the structure of tourmaline were destroyed,and the ability of the material to adsorb and degrade formaldehyde decreased.

A study on abnormal temperature variation of the earthquake in Jiujiang, China （2005） according＇to additive tectonics stress

A variation model of additive tectonics stress caused by celestial tide-generating force is put forward to explain its relationship with seismic fault sliding. Based on the model, the temperature data from National Center for Environmental Prediction （NCEP） before and after the earthquake in Jiujiang （China） on Nov.26, 2005 are studied. The figure of the temperature variation describes the effect of celestial tide-generating force on fault plane. The variation＇of temperature is not only associated with the seismic deformation but also in step with the evolution of fi＇iction of rock under the stress. The abnormal change of temperature can be used in the studies of short- impending earthquakes.

STUDY ON RELATIONS BETWEEN HEAVY-DISASTER-PERIOD OF FOREST FIRE ACTIVITY AND SUNSPOT ACTIVITY, SSTA

The HDPFF (heavy-disaster-period of forest fire) takes up 1 / 4-1 / 3 of all observation years, but the loss takes up 80-90% of all. The author studied the relations between forest fire activity in Heilongiiang Province from 1950 to 1989 and activity of sunspot, SSTA (sea surface temperature abnormality) of the North Pacific Ocean. The study discovered that : (1 )there was a negative correlation between forest fire condition in Heilongjiang Province and annual average of sunspot relative numbers, furthermore, the heavy-disaster-period was prone to occur in valley year and the next year; (2) SSTA in the North Pacific Ocean markedly influenced the forest fire activity and the level of its conditions in Heilongjiang province.

The Impact and Harm on Deep Ground Temperature by Rainstorm

There were two heavy rainstorms in Henan in July of 2016. Via MDOS and CDQC,quality control analysis of deep ground temperature at four stations of Henan with heavy rainstorm was conducted,and the cause for observation data anomaly was analyzed and studied. Results showed that rainstorm made deep ground temperature rise,and ground temperature rise range in Huixian was the maximum,while ground temperature in Linzhou changed little. There were three kinds of causes for the problem: one was ground temperature casing pipe seepage or inlet; the other was rainfall causing bad line contact at automatic station; another was complex composition of surface soil layer of observation site,which might contain the element easy to heat or dissipate heat. These all could cause ground temperature abnormality when heavy rainfall happens or the problem of ground temperature changes too fast. It should use the original soil to build observation field,making ground temperature stable and reliable.It should notice if observation data was normal or not to avoid disaster occurrence when rainstorm occurred.

Temperature Variation of Jiamusi Region in Sanjiang Plain

[Objective] The study aimed at analysing the change characteristics of temperature in Jiamusi region of Sanjiang Plain.[Method] Based on temperature data of Jiamusi region in Sanjiang Plain from 1961 to 2010,including Jiamusi,Huanan,Fujin and Fuyuan station,we studied the change trends,abrupt climate change and abnormal years of temperature in Jiamusi region.[Result] Annual average temperature of Jiamusi region in Sanjiang Plain showed increasing trend,with the increase of 0.249-0.412 ℃/10 a.The order of annual average temperature in Jiamusi region was east> south> north> west.In addition,abrupt climate change of annual average temperature occurred in the early 1980s.Abrupt climate change of annual average temperature appeared in 1981 in Jiamusi,Huanan and Fujin,but in 1984 in Fuyuan.Annual average temperature in the mid-1960s and late 1960s was abnormally low in Jiamusi,Fujin and Huanan,while it was abnormally high in Huanan,Fuyuan and Jiamusi from 2007 to 2008,but Fujin in the early 1990s.Meanwhile,anomalies of seasonal average temperature in distinct regions appeared in various years.[Conclusion] The research could provide references for the prediction of temperature in Jiamusi region of Sanjiang Plain in furture.

Study on Design and Safety Evaluation Methods of Mechanical-Thermal Weak-Link

In an abnormal high-temperature fire environment,a structure with mechanical-thermal weak-link can be used to predict the permanent failure before the failure of some strong-links,such as explosive initiator,thus to protect the latter. An effective design can be defined as that the weak-link fails before the failure of the strong-link,and the system is safe; while an unsuccessful design means that the weak-link fails after the failure of the strong-link,and the system loses in safety. The probability of safety failure exists due to the uncertain failure temperatures of the weak-link and strong-link. In order to obtain the probability of safety failure,a statistical method was used to deal with the uncertainty of the failure temperatures. The integral method and stochastic simulation method were used in calculations. Finally,a sample was given to verify the consistence of the results given by two methods.

Review on the Characteristics,Heating Sources and Evolutionary Processes of the Operating Composite Insulators with Abnormal Temperature Rise

This paper reviews the research progress on abnormal temperature rise(ATR)of composite insulators.The ATR of composite insulators can be divided into two types,point-form temperature rise(PFTR)and bar-form temperature rise(BFTR).The composite insulators with PFTR only show significant temperature rise at high relative humidity(RH)(>70%),and the temperature rise is located in the area that is 20 cm above the metal end-fitting.In a low humidity environment(<30%),there is little temperature rise(<1.0 K).The polarization loss on the surface of the silicone rubber housing under an AC electric field after moisture absorption is the main heating source.Corona discharge in high RH causes surface degradation of the silicone rubber.The composite insulators with BFTR shows significant temperature rise at both high(>70%)and low(<30%)RH.The temperature rise could reach more than 10◦C and the temperature rise area is wider,extending from the high-voltage end to several shed units at the lowvoltage side.And the glass fiber reinforced plastic(GRP)core in the composite insulator is found to be corroded.The heating energy is supplied by both conductance loss and polarization loss of the corroded GRP core.The decay-like degradation of the GRP core is caused by the combination of damp conditions,high electric field,discharge,mechanical load,et al.and may evolve into a decay-like fracture of the composite insulator.The preventive methods concerning quality control,structure optimization,material modification and operational strategy are presented.It is suggested that when PFTR is detected on the composite insulator,the inspection period of the insulator should be properly shortened.The composite insulator should be replaced as soon as the BFTR was detected.

解冻温度对大额牛(Bos frontalis)精子活率及形态的影响

分别用32、35、38、41和44℃水浴解冻大额牛细管冻精,解冻后在常温(平均温度18.06±1.50℃,相对湿度46.64±4.52%)下保存40h,分别在0、6、12、18、24、30、36、38、39和40h取样在显微镜下观察记录精子活率和活力;并在解冻后0、6、12、18和24h用姬姆萨染色,在显微镜下观察记录精子形态,统计分析5个时段的精子畸形率。研究结果:①35℃解冻的精子复苏率为68.80%,极显著高于44℃解冻的54.2%(P<0.01),但与其它3个解冻温度比较差异不显著(P>0.05)。②以38～44℃解冻的精子存活时间在38～39h之间,以32℃解冻的存活时间最短,仅为36h。④解冻后0h的精子活率在42.50%～50.00%之间,不同解冻温度间差异不显著(P>0.05);保存6、12和18h时,分别以35、38和41℃显著高于44℃(P<0.05);保存24h后,各解冻温度间差异不显著P>0.05)。④解冻后0h的精子活力以35℃极显著高于44℃(P<0.01);保存6h以32～41℃显著高于44℃(P<0.05);保存18h,以32和41℃高于44℃(P<0.05);保存24h后各解冻温度间差异不显著(P>0.05)。⑤用41和44℃解冻的总精子畸形率极显著高于38℃(P<0.01),显著高于35℃(P<0.05),32、35和38℃间及32、41和44℃间差异不显著(P>0.05),用35和38℃解冻对精子形态损伤较小。研究表明:解冻温度越高大额牛冻精的精子活率和活力降低速度越快,精子畸形率也高,且解冻温度对精子头部和尾部形态的影响最大;大额牛细管冻精宜用38±3℃水浴10s解冻,解冻后在18℃以下常温下保存6h对其精子活力等影响不大。

MODIS亮温增温异常点比值的时序分析方法及其在台湾一些5级以上地震前的异常变化

首次提出了MODIS卫星遥感数据用于地震预测研究的MODIS亮温增温异常点比值定量化方法以及尽量减少云层干扰的初步方案。结合近期台湾地区一系列中强地震的震例研究，归纳了分析区域内中强地震前的MODIS亮温增温异常的量化指标。研究表明，大部分研究震例在地震发生前1-20天都出现了突跳性质的增温异常比值（活跃度）增强的情况，而正常情况下增温异常比值都在零值附近波动。利用在一定程度上排除了云层影响的MODIS卫星遥感热红外信息得到的亮温增温异常点比值的变化，在一些多震地区有针对性地系统开展研究，有望找到识别地震短临前兆的一种新方法。

热带太平洋次表层三维海温距平场的EOF分析

应用太平洋次表层海温距平资料构造了一个立体的西低东高的四级阶梯模型,使用EOF方法对此模型进行时空分解,重点讨论了分解结果与ENSO循环的关系,并对Nino 3距平指数进行试预报,结果表明,用EOF分解的第一主分量代表暖池-厄尔尼诺(拉尼娜)模态,第二主分量代表次表层温度距平的东西运移模态,厄尔尼诺事件正是东西运移模态突变的结果。时滞相关分析估算,一次ENSO循环的平均周期约为41个月,厄尔尼诺、拉尼娜模态与温度距平的东西运移模态的位相差平均约为9.7个月。应用逐步回归方法得到超前Nino 3距平指数3、6和12个月的3个预报方程。预报结果表明,第一、第二时间系数对Nino 3距平指数均具有一定的预报价值,预报时效可达1 a左右。

福建地区MODIS卫星热红外资料异常分析

根据MODIS卫星热红外数据,利用透热指数法和亮温增温异常点比值法,分析福建地区地震震前的热红外时空异常变化,发现透热指数与福建地区中等地震有较好的对应关系,而地表的亮温增温异常区与未来发生的地震震中较为接近。

应用MODIS卫星遥感资料进行地震预测的初步研究

利用MODIS卫星遥感资料的亮温异常变化信息应用于地震预测研究,虽然目前还处于探索研究阶段,但根据该资料在台湾地区几次中强地震前的异常信息分析认为,其亮温异常信息可作为台湾地区中强地震前的一种较可靠、有效的短临预测方法。其基本原理是构造块体在破裂或错动前,因地壳岩石受挤压时应力应变的增强而引起了震源区及其周边区域的异常增温现象。

GIS隔离开关温度分布特性的试验研究

气体绝缘组合电器(GIS)为全封闭紧密结构,其内部的隔离开关易于产生机械接触缺陷,在运行电流作用下,一旦隔离开关出现接触不良,将引起温度异常升高,通过温度检测可对GIS隔离开关机械连接状态进行判断。为了获取隔离开关内部动触头温度与设备外壳温度之间的关系,本文基于550 kV GIS开展温升试验,在GIS隔离开关周围布置温度传感器测量温度分布,同时在GIS外壳上进行外部温度的测量,试验研究了不同电流、不同接触电阻下的GIS内部及外部温升规律,结果表明GIS外壳与隔离开关触头的温升存在线性关系,正常情况下顶部外壳温升每上升1 K,对应触头温升提高1.924 K,而故障情况下,对应的触头温升提高2.85 K,并且顶部外壳温度变化范围大,对设备内部温度变化敏感,具有较好的温度辨识性,能更灵敏准确地反映内部触头的温升情况。试验结果分析阐明了GIS内部热源、热量传导路径及温度分布特点,为通过GIS外部温度检测进行内部温度的反演提供了试验基础。

Influence of tectonic uplift-erosion on formation pressure

The formation of abnormally low-pressure hydrocarbon reservoirs in petroliferous basins has a close relationship with tectonic uplift and the consequent erosion. In order to understand abnormally low-pressure reservoirs and to provide a scientific basis for exploration and development, we established, through numerical simulation and theoretical analysis, a set of equations for the formation pressure in a closed system influenced by uplift-erosion, discussed the relationship between the genesis of abnormal pressure and uplift-erosion, and put forward the concept of balance pressure （P b ）. The results showed that abnormally high pressure coefficient may form when the current formation pressure was higher than P b , and abnormally low pressure may form when the current formation pressure was lower than P b . In the Santanghu Basin, the current formation pressure of abnormally low pressure reservoirs is lower than P b , so tectonic uplift-erosion leads to the decrease of the pressure coefficient. There is a positive correlation between the pressure drop caused by the decrease of fluid temperature and the rebound of rock porosity and strata erosion. Calculation results indicated that the reservoir pressure of Jurassic strata in the Santanghu Basin was decreased by 11.6-17.1 MPa due to tectonic uplift-erosion during the Late Yanshanian period.

Formation and mechanism of the abnormal pressure zone and its relation to oil and gas accumulations in the Eastern Jiuquan Basin, northwest China

Three abnormal overpressure zoes with a planar top at different depths occur in the Ying’er Depression in the Eastern Jiuquan Basin. The distance and the temperature difference between them are about 1 000 m and 30℃, respectively. The studies of sedimentary history, nature of formation water, variation of geothermal gradient and examination of thin sections, and the relationship between lithologic section and formation pressure show that there are conditions for formation of abnormal overpressure zones in the Ying’er Depression. Aquathermal pressuring and the overlying sediment load are main factors forming the abnormal overpressure zones. The study indicates that most of oil and gas in the Ying’er Depression accumulated in reservoirs above or under the seals or in the top of the compartments.

Further exploration on causes of temperature anomalies associated with the abnormal northern annular mode

This article concerns the temperature anomalies during the high index phase of the northern annual mode for the wintertime from January to March. The response of the zonal and meridional winds and the temperature advection caused by the anomalous horizontal wind are investigated. The results show that both the zonal and meridional winds experience strong anomalies and the temperature advection induced by both the anomalous zonal and meridional winds is responsible for the temperature anomalies associated with the high index northern annual mode. The temperature advection induced by the anomalous zonal wind contributes dominantly to the cooling in the Atlantic and the Bering Sea while the temperature advection induced by the anomalous merional wind contributes dominantly the warming in the United States of America and the cooling in southern Europe and Canada. The superposed influences caused the obvious warming in north Eurasia.

Fisher有序聚类法及其在炉管温度异常时段提取中的应用

以上海某电厂600 MW超临界发电机组后水冷壁悬吊炉管经常发生温度异常变化事件或超温事件为背景,提出了一种采用有序聚类分析炉管数据的方法,对水冷壁炉管温度序列中存在的多个异常变化时段进行分析,实现了异常时段的自动提取。

110 kV GIS接地排和气管温升异常原因分析及处理

介绍了一起110 k V气体绝缘封闭开关设备(GIS)母线接地排和气体管路温升异常的分析处理过程。分析了红外测温、螺栓力矩检测、电流检测等结果,认为接地排面积不足和气管未绝缘隔断是导致温升异常的主要原因。给出了增加相间接地排及气管增加绝缘垫等整改措施,测试结果表明,整改后接地排和气管温升满足标准和使用要求。