Individuals often get lost behind the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) while widespread differences between these patients are morecommon than similarities. Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST) suggests that ...Individuals often get lost behind the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) while widespread differences between these patients are morecommon than similarities. Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST) suggests that as we age our goals change from future-oriented (acquiringnew information) to present-oriented (enhancing the emotional, especially positive, meaning of encounters). The goal of the current article is to examine whether the principles of SST might also apply for people with AD. Some aspects of SST are found especially in the early stages of AD when awareness is often intact and cognitive impairment is relatively limited. This review has clinical significance for the treatment of AD because it focuses on what is important to the individual rather than treating patients as a homogenous group. It also highlights the importance of social networks and emphasizes the role of the proxy in AD care. Lastly, it suggests that if those with AD (like the healthy elderly) have a positivity bias then positive emotional stimuli/wording/instructions could usefully be employed in their daily treatment. I suggest that SST may be a useful starting point when attempting to address what matters to individuals with AD and conclude by providing a few suggestions for future studies.展开更多
目的基于健康行为改变整合理论(integrated theory of health behavior change,ITHBC)构建非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)患者自我管理干预方案,并评价其在NAFLD患者中的应用效果。方法以ITHBC为理论框架...目的基于健康行为改变整合理论(integrated theory of health behavior change,ITHBC)构建非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)患者自我管理干预方案,并评价其在NAFLD患者中的应用效果。方法以ITHBC为理论框架,通过文献分析法初步拟定干预方案初稿。采用专家函询法修改及完善自我管理方案。采用立意抽样法纳入2023年4-5月在乌鲁木齐市某社区卫生服务中心体检的符合NAFLD诊断标准的患者80例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各40例。对照组行社区常规护理,观察组行基于ITHBC的自我管理干预;随访4个月,比较2组患者的自我管理能力及临床特征变化。结果(1)3轮专家函询问卷有效回收率分别为100%、85%、85%,专家权威系数为0.833,协调系数分别为0.191、0.254、0.272,均P<0.01。最终干预方案包括一级指标5项,二级指标11项,三级指标17项。(2)随访4个月后,观察组患者干预后自我管理总分、疾病防治管理、日常生活管理、心理认知管理及不良生活方式管理评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);而临床指标(腰围、BMI、总胆固醇、三酰甘油及低密度脂蛋白)均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于ITHBC构建的NAFLD患者自我管理干预方案可提高患者自我管理能力,进而改善患者病情,提升NAFLD的预后。展开更多
文摘Individuals often get lost behind the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) while widespread differences between these patients are morecommon than similarities. Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST) suggests that as we age our goals change from future-oriented (acquiringnew information) to present-oriented (enhancing the emotional, especially positive, meaning of encounters). The goal of the current article is to examine whether the principles of SST might also apply for people with AD. Some aspects of SST are found especially in the early stages of AD when awareness is often intact and cognitive impairment is relatively limited. This review has clinical significance for the treatment of AD because it focuses on what is important to the individual rather than treating patients as a homogenous group. It also highlights the importance of social networks and emphasizes the role of the proxy in AD care. Lastly, it suggests that if those with AD (like the healthy elderly) have a positivity bias then positive emotional stimuli/wording/instructions could usefully be employed in their daily treatment. I suggest that SST may be a useful starting point when attempting to address what matters to individuals with AD and conclude by providing a few suggestions for future studies.
文摘目的基于健康行为改变整合理论(integrated theory of health behavior change,ITHBC)构建非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)患者自我管理干预方案,并评价其在NAFLD患者中的应用效果。方法以ITHBC为理论框架,通过文献分析法初步拟定干预方案初稿。采用专家函询法修改及完善自我管理方案。采用立意抽样法纳入2023年4-5月在乌鲁木齐市某社区卫生服务中心体检的符合NAFLD诊断标准的患者80例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各40例。对照组行社区常规护理,观察组行基于ITHBC的自我管理干预;随访4个月,比较2组患者的自我管理能力及临床特征变化。结果(1)3轮专家函询问卷有效回收率分别为100%、85%、85%,专家权威系数为0.833,协调系数分别为0.191、0.254、0.272,均P<0.01。最终干预方案包括一级指标5项,二级指标11项,三级指标17项。(2)随访4个月后,观察组患者干预后自我管理总分、疾病防治管理、日常生活管理、心理认知管理及不良生活方式管理评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);而临床指标(腰围、BMI、总胆固醇、三酰甘油及低密度脂蛋白)均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于ITHBC构建的NAFLD患者自我管理干预方案可提高患者自我管理能力,进而改善患者病情,提升NAFLD的预后。
