A Review on China’s Transportation Development Theory from the Perspective of Regional Economics

Transportation is the lifeline of human civilization and an important component of the infrastructure for economic growth.As transportation is closely related to regional economic development,the summarization of China's transportation development theory from the perspective of regional economics will be conducive to clarifying the relationships between transportation and regional economic development and providing basic theoretical support for regional economic research and policy application.From the perspective of regional economics,China’s transportation development theory falls into two categories:transportation resource allocations,and the interactions between transportation and economic development.In recent years,there has been a trend toward the integration of transportation development research with regional economic growth,and a deeper understanding of the relationships between them has been achieved.

A Comparative Study of Development and Reform of Urban-Rural Integration in Chengdu and Chongqing Based on System Theory

Chengdu and Chongqing,as two core cities in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle,have always been in the front rank of development and reform of urban-rural integration in China.But due to different basic conditions,ideas and priorities are different in the two cities.This paper establishes an analysis framework based on system theory,conducts a systematic comparison on the development and reform of urban-rural integration in the two cities to achieve a comprehensive comparison study and finds out that:(a) Owing to different basic conditions,Chengdu and Chongqing have adopted different reform ideas and measures.Chengdu places more emphasis on systematic advancement,while Chongqing attaches more importance to key breakthroughs.(b) Chengdu’s high level shows that in the practice of urban-rural integration,independent policies and measures in local areas have limited effects.System efficiency can surpass the sum of local areas’ efficiencies only if a systematic method is adopted to comprehensively promote policies and measures for institutional innovations in various fields.

The role of R&D and economic policy uncertainty in Sri Lanka’s economic growth

In this paper,we assess the role of investment in research and development(R&D)and economic policy uncertainty(EPU)in Sri Lanka’s economic growth experience.We do this by first determining which endogenous growth theories best explain the evolution of total factor productivity(TFP)in the country.Using historical time series data(1980–2018),we find that semi-endogenous growth theories best explain the evolution of TFP in Sri Lanka.This evidence suggests that R&D is critical to the country’s TFP expansion.We find that,through R&D,EPU has a crucial detrimental impact on TFP growth,although it is short-lived.Our findings are robust and have important implications for R&D investment and for moderating EPU.

Exploration on Relativity of Modern Economic Science:Viewpoint Based on Sustainable Development

Modern economics is a market economic theory and a necessary knowledge for people to understand market economy. However, when modern economic science puts in a "great economic system", modern economic science seems to be little convincing and even deviates from the science of sustainable development. This shows that modern economic science has relativity, and must be transformed by the idea of sustainable development.

Information Models for Forecasting Nonlinear Economic Dynamics in the Digital Era

The aim of this study was to develop an adequate mathematical model for long-term forecasting of technological progress and economic growth in the digital age (2020-2050). In addition, the task was to develop a model for forecast calculations of labor productivity in the symbiosis of “man + intelligent machine”, where an intelligent machine (IM) is understood as a computer or robot equipped with elements of artificial intelligence (AI), as well as in the digital economy as a whole. In the course of the study, it was shown that in order to implement its goals the Schumpeter-Kondratiev innovation and cycle theory on forming long waves (LW) of economic development influenced by a powerful cluster of economic technologies engendered by industrial revolutions is most appropriate for a long-term forecasting of technological progress and economic growth. The Solow neoclassical model of economic growth, synchronized with LW, gives the opportunity to forecast economic dynamics of technologically advanced countries with a greater precision up to 30 years, the time which correlates with the continuation of LW. In the information and digital age, the key role among the main factors of growth (capital, labour and technological progress) is played by the latter. The authors have developed an information model which allows for forecasting technological progress basing on growth rates of endogenous technological information in economics. The main regimes of producing technological information, corresponding to the eras of information and digital economies, are given in the article, as well as the Lagrangians that engender them. The model is verified on the example of the 5th information LW for the US economy (1982-2018) and it has had highly accurate approximation for both technological progress and economic growth. A number of new results were obtained using the developed information models for forecasting technological progress. The forecasting trajectory of economic growth of developed countries (on the example of the USA) on the upward stage of the 6th LW (2018-2042), engendered by the digital technologies of the 4th Industrial Revolution is given. It is also demonstrated that the symbiosis of human and intelligent machine (IM) is the driving force in the digital economy, where man plays the leading role organizing effective and efficient mutual work. Authors suggest a mathematical model for calculating labour productivity in the digital economy, where the symbiosis of “human + IM” is widely used. The calculations carried out with the help of the model show: 1) the symbiosis of “human + IM” from the very beginning lets to realize the possibilities of increasing work performance in the economy with the help of digital technologies;2) the largest labour productivity is achieved in the symbiosis of “human + IM”, where man labour prevails, and the lowest labour productivity is seen where the largest part of the work is performed by IM;3) developed countries may achieve labour productivity of 3% per year by the mid-2020s, which has all the chances to stay up to the 2040s.

基于三重底线理论的企业社会责任审计体系构建

企业社会责任报告、ESG报告和可持续发展报告方兴未艾,正在同步加速我国社会责任信息披露和审计的进程。不久的将来,我国企业社会责任审计需求将激增,亟待构建企业社会责任审计体系,为企业社会责任审计实践提供指导。企业社会责任审计从现有资源和经济发展、社会发展及环境发展之间的平衡点出发,将在推动我国经济平稳健康发展中发挥重要作用。在梳理现有国内外专家学者对企业社会责任审计的研究基础上,结合我国实际情况,分析我国企业社会责任审计基础理论研究和实践发展现状。基于三重底线发展理念,从审计理念、法律法规、审计方法、评价指标以及人力资源5个层面,构建企业社会责任审计体系,旨在降低我国企业社会责任审计风险,提高企业社会责任审计工作质量。

习近平生态文明法治理论的基础命题:环境与经济协同发展

习近平生态文明法治理论的基础命题是环境与经济协同发展。习近平生态文明法治理论将生态环境保护的地位提升至前所未有的高度,目的并不是为了使生态环境保护在整体上处于优先经济发展的地位,而是为了补齐生态环境保护相对于经济发展而言所存在的短板。环境与经济协同发展也是习近平生态文明法治理论的逻辑主线,体现在习近平生态文明法治理论的主要内容之中,它将习近平生态文明法治理论的各个部分融贯成一个体系。习近平生态文明法治理论不仅从各个方面全面论述和揭示了环境与经济协同发展的深刻道理,而且为环境与经济协同发展的实现提供了完备的方法论指导和保障,引领并推动人与自然和谐之中国式现代化建设更快更好地开展。

长江经济带水污染、环境规制与高质量经济发展关系研究

基于2009—2021年长江经济带11个省(市)面板数据,通过构建高质量经济发展评级指标体系,利用熵值法对高质量经济发展水平进行测度;基于环境库兹涅茨曲线理论进行基准回归,以水污染为门槛变量分析了环境规制对高质量经济发展的影响,并探讨了长江经济带上游、中游、下游3个区域水污染和环境规制的空间异质性。结果表明:随着水污染程度的加剧,环境规制对高质量经济发展表现出抑制作用,且抑制作用先增大后减小;水污染与高质量经济发展之间呈倒“U”形关系,且存在“环境库兹涅曲线”;长江经济带水污染与环境规制对高质量经济发展具有空间异质性。

无形资本对制造业企业高质量发展的影响效应研究

无形资本作为驱动企业价值创造及增长的核心因素,将逐渐成为推进制造业企业高质量发展的内生驱动力。本文运用Cobb-Douglas生产函数模型,采用2009—2021年制造业上市公司14309个非平衡面板数据,深入探究无形资本对中国制造业企业高质量发展的影响效应。研究发现:(1)总体而言,无形资本对企业高质量发展产生显著激励效应,相比创新资本与组织资本,人力资本与声誉资本更具提升效应;(2)进一步分析发现,人力资本、声誉资本能够通过创新资本对企业高质量发展产生增量效应;(3)企业的不同行业类别、产权性质和规模均对无形资本与企业高质量发展的关系产生明显的异质效应。研究结论不但为内生经济增长理论提供了经验支持,而且为企业高质量发展路径提供了有效证据。

社会保障质量与经济高质量发展协调性研究:脱钩与耦合视角

社会保障与经济高质量发展是实现共同富裕的重要行动途径。从系统论视角分析社会保障与经济两大系统的学理关系,并基于中国省级面板数据对社会保障质量与经济高质量发展指数分别进行综合测度,利用脱钩理论与耦合协调度分析两者之间的动态关系。研究发现:(1)社会保障质量与经济高质量发展指数均呈现逐年递增趋势,但两者在整体上呈现脱钩、负脱钩与连结波动特征,主流脱钩状态呈现“递进恶化”,各省份经济高质量发展主要表现出低效扩张型趋势;(2)两系统的耦合度与耦合协调度虽均呈逐年上升趋势,但仍处于较低的协调状态;(3)异质性分析中,社会保障与经济高质量发展的系统耦合协调度在东部地区从勉强协调转向初级协调,中部地区从濒临失调向勉强协调演进,西部地区从轻度失调转向濒临失调。总之,做大蛋糕是社会保障稳定运行的物质基础,分好蛋糕是社会保障有效运行的保证。

江苏建设现代化经济体系的基本条件和框架结构

现代化经济体系是实现国家现代化的基础,而以点带面的现代化经济体系建设创新突破则是江苏地域的历史使命。在阐述中国式现代化历史的背景下,首先,以现代化经济体系建设的理论基础剖析为起点,形成新时代中国特色社会主义经济发展的理论指导;其次,基于发展数据提炼江苏现代化经济的基本状况和基本特征,形成区域现代化经济体系建设的实践基础;最后,在理论和实践并行推进下,从点、线、面逐步升维的路径中逐步呈现江苏现代化经济体系建设的框架设计,着力推动江苏经济发展,并为“全国一盘棋”发展做出示范。

重塑国家能力与经济发展的政治经济学分析框架

国家能力在经济长期发展中的作用越来越大,深刻认识国家能力是探索新一轮经济增长动力的钥匙,也是我国推进国家治理能力现代化的迫切需要。然而,已有关于国家能力的研究主要是基于政治学、新古典政治经济学理论框架展开,陷入了经验研究冗余而理论化不足的困境。关于国家能力的构成,理论界涌现出“二因素”论、“三因素”论、“四因素”论和更冗杂的“N因素”论,分歧多于共识,导致国家能力理论化程度严重不足。本文通过批判已有文献和重新发掘马克思主义国家理论的价值,提出了崭新的国家能力概念结构,它包括强制能力、财政能力、行政能力和意识形态能力等四个维度。已有国家能力文献极大地低估了国家意识形态能力维度的重要性,本文首次重申把意识形态能力纳入国家能力理论的必要性,拓展了国家能力“四因素”论的内涵。本文还进一步把国家能力引入鲍尔斯等人的积累的社会结构理论,重构了国家能力与经济发展的政治经济学理论框架。相比新古典政治经济学,马克思主义政治经济学视野的国家能力理论对国家能力与经济发展之间的非线性关系有更强的解释力,对我国经济高质量发展的实现路径具有重要的启示意义。

“两山”理论下新疆经济绿色发展水平测度及优化路径研究

在深入分析“两山”理论科学内涵、相互作用以及对新疆经济绿色发展的阶段意义的基础上,采用AHP-FCE模型,从五大维度、20个具体指标构建新疆经济绿色发展水平评价指标体系,测算新疆经济绿色发展水平。结果显示,目前新疆经济绿色发展水平处于“良”的阶段,新疆在践行“两山”理论过程中,绿色经济发展取得了一定成效。最后,为进一步加快实现新疆地区绿色经济发展提出优化路径。

我国政府引导基金绩效评价体系的构建——以湖北省为例

政府引导基金作为一种由政府设立的政策型基金,体现政府的政策导向和产业扶持方向。政府引导基金设立以来,已然成为地方政府促进地区发展,推进产业结构升级有力的财政政策工具之一。然而目前政府引导基金建设发展过程存在投资效率不足、评价体系不完善等问题。因此,本文结合国内外先进经验,针对湖北省实际情况,构建了一套政府引导基金的完整框架。本文基于生命周期理论,运用层次分析法进一步构建评价指标体系,以期为政府引导基金发展提供监督评价的客观依据和建议。

“两山论”中生态保护与经济发展的辩证统一

针对生态保护与经济发展、绿水金山和金山银山之间的矛盾,本文以“两山论”为抓手,较系统地研究了矛盾的产生根源及其交互影响。具体来说,错误发展模式下的经济增长给生态环境带来了灾难性的后果;而生态环境的破坏又造成了惊人的经济损失。本文通过分析这一对矛盾两个方面的基本属性,指出经济发展与生态保护不存在根本的对立,二者是不可分割的同一体,人类生存的需求是它们所具有的共同属性;通过论述人类生存需要实现发展和生态保护的辩证统一,指出人类不能放弃发展,更不能放弃生态环境保护,而只能选择一条二者协同共生之路,在对立中寻求统一,建立一种符合人类生存需求的发展模式;最后指出实现环境保护与经济发展协调必须树立可持续发展的理念,发展是运动的事物,是多个对立统一体的协调过程。以“两山论”为核心的可持续发展代表了先进文化、先进生产力和最广大人民的根本利益,是人类社会发展的必由之路。

Problems and Countermeasures of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei's location

Regional economic integration is the main trend in the world,the region participate inthe international competition as a whole.China has formed Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta region which have showed strong competitive and plays an important role in enhancing theoverall competitiveness of a country.As the third largest area,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei'slocation is very important,Beijing,Tianjin and regional development has also attracted great attention of national leaders,China will enhance the economic development of Beijing,Tianjin region to the national strategic level,However,the process of economic integration in Beijing,Tianjin and regional development has been relatively slow,Hebei Province in Beijing and the day Tianjin two big cities have been developing weak,Beijing City,but also faced with the problem of excessive development,This paper points out the problems faced by the integration of Beijing,Tianjin,and puts forward some countermeasures,hoping to discuss how to promote the integration process.

人口高质量发展:中国式现代化的支撑与进路

马克思和恩格斯的“两种生产”理论是马克思主义理论体系的重要组成部分,并在中国社会主义革命、建设、改革中得以丰富和发展。中国特色社会主义新时代,马克思主义“两种生产”理论不断深化和拓展,为中国式现代化及其人口高质量发展提供了理论指导。推进人口高质量发展,不仅是人口发展螺旋式上升的必然要求,也是经济社会高质量发展对人口发展的必然要求,是全面推进中国式现代化的重要基础条件。在人口发展新形势下,以人口高质量发展支撑中国式现代化成为强国建设、民族复兴的战略安排。但目前以人口高质量发展支撑中国式现代化面临人口及其质量的结构性失衡、人口高质量发展与经济社会高质量发展不相协调的制约。在新时代新征程中以人口高质量发展支撑中国式现代化需要优化人口现代化发展战略、促进人口高质量发展与经济高质量发展相向而行、为人口高质量发展营造良好的社会现代化环境和完善人口高质量发展的政策体系,推动实现人口发展的质量变革、效率变革和动力变革,从而为以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴奠定最为坚实的生产力基础与人力资源。