An Evaluation of the Core Controversies in Contemporary Western Human Rights Theory——A Study Based on the Examination of the Criterion of Fidelity to Practice

The development of theories on human rights with Chinese characteristics and China’s engagement in global human rights governance cannot be separated from attention to contemporary Western human rights theory.The debate between naturalistic and political conceptions of human rights has a long history,but discussions on the basic criteria for evaluating human rights theories have been insufficient.This article,focusing on the criterion of fidelity to practice,attempts to identify the development trajectory and direction of human rights theory.The universal claims of naturalistic human rights perspectives and the human rights catalog they propose have been criticized for deviating from practice.On the other hand,political conceptions of human rights,while emphasizing domestic human rights practices,have been criticized for their occasional nature and perceived loss of criticality.The broad-way practice theory seeks a third way that goes beyond the divide between these two perspectives.On the one hand,the theory itself faces limitations and the need for reshaping,while on the other hand,the traditional singular practice theory is also undergoing self-renewal.It can be said that the“internal critique”of contemporary Western human rights theory is already underway and will continue.

The Practical Significance of Marx's Theory of Natural Force Resources

Marx's theory of natural force resources is an indispensable part of Marx's economic theory.Natural force resources,as a kind of natural elements that do not cost a penny,are added to the production process free of charge,and play a special role in the production process.Grasping and understanding the scientific connotation of Marx's theory of natural force resources is of great theoretical value and practical significance for promoting the harmonious unity of man and nature and adhering to the strategy of sustainable economic development.

Practical φ_0-stability of stochastic differential equations and corresponding stochastic perturbation theory

The notions of practical φ0-stability were introduced for stochastic differential equations. Sufficient conditions on such practical properties were obtained by using the comparison principle and the cone-valued Lyapunov function methods. Based on an extended comparison theorem, a perturbation theory of stochastic differential systems was given.

Research on the Application of Second Language Acquisition Theory in College English Speech Teaching

The teaching of English speeches in universities aims to enhance oral communication ability,improve English communication skills,and expand English knowledge,occupying a core position in English teaching in universities.This article takes the theory of second language acquisition as the background,analyzes the important role and value of this theory in English speech teaching in universities,and explores how to apply the theory of second language acquisition in English speech teaching in universities.It aims to strengthen the cultivation of English skilled talents and provide a brief reference for improving English speech teaching in universities.

Development of a Sports Safety Promotion Framework Based on KABP Theory and 4M Management

This study explores the significance,current research landscape,and conceptualization of sports safety promotion.Safety in sports is fundamental to youth physical activities,and an excessive focus on or neglect of safety is unwarranted.Globally,numerous countries have extensively researched sports safety promotion and implemented diverse strategies.Drawing from KABP(Knowledge,Attitude,Behavior,Practice)theory and 4M(Man,Machine,Medium,Management)management,this paper presents a conceptual framework for sports safety promotion.It integrates these theories to devise a comprehensive accident prevention model within a sports safety promotion system.The framework prioritizes enhancing students’safety literacy and underscores the practical application of safety knowledge and skills in simulated sports settings following structured safety education.It aims to enhance students’competency and proficiency in averting sports-related injuries.

Theories and Practical Ideas on Vocabulary Development

The reasons for choosing this topic are two: 1) Vocabulary development is the primeconcern for both learners and teachers of a foreign language; 2) Personal teaching experiencehas often challenged me with the question how to develop vocabualry more effectively. Thegeneral objective of this writing is to generalize some enlightening information on the specificarea of vocabulary learning and instruction and to bring forward some ideas practical to ourteaching situation.

Practical Logic and Optimization Path of the Effectiveness of Teaching Methods in Ideological and Political Theory Courses

Since the Party Central Committee has explicitly requested the running of excellent ideological and political theory courses,the teaching methods of ideological and political theory courses have become a major topic of discussion in academic circles.A gap remains between the current teaching methods of ideological and political theory courses and those in the new era.In order to improve the nurturing effect of key courses,it is necessary to study the basic logic of its effectiveness enhancement from the perspective of practice.In the new era,it is essential to take the spirit from the series of important speeches of the Party and national leaders on ideological and political theory courses as guidance,draw on the effective teaching ideas of Comenius that reflect“fun,”“convenience,”and“thoroughness,”closely combine the teaching practice,as well as select and apply the teaching methods based on the concept of three“combinations”and two“innovations,”i.e.,combining students,teachers’teaching styles,and teaching contents;and innovating and practicing the integrated teaching method of diversified integration as well as the new teaching method of media technology-integrated smart classroom.

Theory, Practice and Prospection of Si Fertilizer

This paper summarizes the theory of the chemical and physical properties of Si, soil classification for Si soil test and Si fertilizer types, effect of Si fertilizer on plant and soil etc., and proves that Si fertilizer can increase the P nutrition, yield and quality, resistance to any biotic and abiotic stress ability, reduce the toxici- ty of heavy metals of plants and improve the water fertilizer retention of soil by practice; also points out that the best source for Si fertilizers is natural rich Si ma- terials. At last, it gives the prospection about the application of Si fertilizer in the sustainable and organic agriculture.

THEORY AND PRACTICE FOR COMPILING THE ATLAS OF NATURAL DISASTERS IN CHINA

This article inquires into theoretical and practical problems on compilation of an atlas of regional natural disasters. (1) The basic theory of compiling an atlas of regional disasters has been founded on the combination of the sciences of disasters, cartography and regional geogrphy. The content structure of a regional disaster atlas should be composed of at least the following five parts:hazard-formative environments and hazard-affected bodies,hazards, disaster effects, monitoring and warning system for natural disasters, and countermeasures for natural disaster reduction. (2) Contents of cartographic design of a regional disaster atlas should be composed of at least the following five parts: base map system, cartographic representation, Symbol System, color system, map edition and map layout system. (3) Based on theory and cartographic design of compiling an atlas of regional disaster, the Atlas of Natural Disater in China, which reveals objectively the temporal and spaial pattern of regional natural disasters of China,has been compiled and published.

Conclusions in Theory and Practice for Advancing the Applications of Cable-Driven Mechanisms

The theoretical research of cable-driven mechanisms is developed with its broad applications. The first prototype of cable-driven mechanisms is RoboCrane, which was developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology （NIST）. Then many excellent properties were developed and they have a variety of applications such as aerospace, aircraft and automobile industries [1]. Example application for RoboCrane in the field of aircraft mainte- nance is equipped with a quick-change mechanism to remove the robot arm remotely.

Theory and Practice of Soil and Water Ecology

Author of this paper introduced the formation and development, main viewpoints, and framework of the theory of soil and water ecology, as well as the role and value of realizing the sustainable utilization of soil and water ecological resources, the sustainable maintenance of ecological environment, and the sustainable development of economy and society. The paper argued that in the current era, it is imperative to maintain the integrity and continuity of soil and water ecology and culture, emphasize the planning and construction of soil and water ecological infrastructure, and ensure the service functions of urban ecosystem, so as to realize the sustainable utilization of soil and water ecological resources, and the sustainable maintenance of ecological environment, and the sustainable development of economy and society.

Theory and Practice of Water Pollution Prevention and Control for Inflowing Rivers in Taihu Valley

The pollutants from the 15 rivers inflowing into Lake Taihu accounted for about 80% of the total amount of the pollutants inflowing into Lake Taihu. Therefore, overall treatment of the inflowing rivers of Taihu Lake is of great importance to the improvement of water environment in the valley and the eutrophication status in th lake. Firstly, the basic ideas, key taches and main methods for water pollution control of inflow rivers of Taihu Lake was put forward in this article, Basic on these theories, the pollutant source status in the comprehensive treatment zone of the 15 major inflow rivers was analysized, the countermeasures of pollution control and main regulation projects were introduced, and the total abatement of pollutants was predicted. With the implement of regulation projects, the number of rivers with water quality worse than Grade V among the 15 major inflow rivers had come from 9 to 3, and the eutrophication status of Taihu Lake had changed from medium level to light level. The overall treatment of the major inflow rivers of the Taihu Lake had achieved initial success.

Theory and Practice of Major Country Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics:Inheritance, Innovation, and Development

As economic globalization and multi-polarization continue to develop worldwide,the international order is undergoing profound and complex changes,supporting more extensive peaceful development and instances of win-win cooperation.The collective rise of the emerging major countries is prompting the construction of a fair,rational new international order in politics and economy.In this context,China is a major force for world peace and the common development of the entire world,and the central leadership of the Chinese Communist Party(CCP),with Xi Jinping at its core has proposed a series of new concepts,modes of thinking,and strategies in relation to governance and administration,taking into account both the domestic and the international situation.Xi's perspective on diplomacy emerged from the theory and practice of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics and is the outcome of the combination of the universal principle of Marxism with the specific practice of major country diplomacy in China,and constitutes a major component of Xi's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.In his report to the 19th National Congress of the CCP,General Secretary Xi proposed to develop a community with a shared concept of the future for humanity to forge a new form of international relations,featuring mutual respect,fairness,justice,and win-win cooperation.1 This shows the constructive role China is playing in the peaceful development of the world,actively participating in and leading global governance and safeguarding the stability of the international order,thus laying the basis in discourse for the theory and practice of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics for a new era.

Leadership theory in clinical practice

In current clinical settings, effective clinical leadership ensures a high-quality health care system that consistently provides safe and efficient care. It is useful, then, for health care professionals to be able to identify the leadership styles and theories relevant to their nursing practice. Being adept in recognizing these styles not only enables nurses to develop their skills to become better leaders but also improves relationships with colleagues and leaders who have previously been challenging to work with. This article aims to use different leadership theories to interpret a common scenario in clinical settings in order to improve leadership effectiveness. Ultimately, it is found that different leadership styles are needed for different situations, and leaders should know which approach is most effective in a given scenario to achieve the organization's goals.

Theory and Practice of Marine Regional Management in China

With the development of marine economy in coastal provinces and cities,there comes a series of environmental problems. Marine regional management,as a completely new marine management mode,transforms traditional management mode and can protect marine ecosystem. Thus,the marine regional management is feasible and applicable in China. This paper firstly discussed connotation and development of the marine regional management in China and pointed that the marine regional management is integrated management of a certain marine region. Next,it summarized characteristics of the marine regional management at current stage,for example,land-based pollution of trans-geographic system and marine management under regional government cooperative mechanism. Finally,it came up with recommendations including combining theory and practice of the marine regional management,and establishing marine regional management system as soon as possible,to realize benign interaction and sustainable development of marine economy and ecological environment.

Questions of Theory and Practice: To Synthesis, Analysis and Evaluation Natural Systems of Pacific Russia Based on Models of Landscape Geosystems

The results of long-term author’s scientific research in the field of geological and geographical study and landscape mapping of large regional links, such as Sikhote-Alinsky, Sakhalinsky, Kamchatsky, Anadyrsky, located in the Pacific landscape belt of Russia, are considered (Starozhilov, 2013). The studies were conducted at the medium scale (1:500,000) and were accompanied by landscape mapping (Starozhilov, 2016). The proposed article discusses the theory and practice of the overall results and the strategic vision of applying the landscape approach with selected examples. The wide range of possibilities of applying the landscape approach in studying the interaction of nature and society is emphasized. The importance and the indisputable need for the synthesis, analysis and assessment of natural systems based on the mapping of landscape geosystems to assess the environmental management of not only regional territories, but also of Pacific Russia as a whole are noted.

Motivational Practices in Foreign Language Teaching:From the Perspective of Self-Determination Theory

This quantitative-oriented study investigates junior middle school EFL teachers’beliefs about motivational practices in the language teaching process.Grounded in self-determination theory,the study examined teachers’beliefs in three basic psychological needs(relatedness,competence and autonomy)and the effect of their teaching experience on these beliefs.Data were obtained from 84 Chinese junior middle school English teachers through a questionnaire.Results suggested that teachers recognized motivational practices for relatedness and competence satisfaction while showing relatively low recognition of a few motivating practices for autonomy satisfaction.Teaching experience was found to have no influence on teachers’conception of needs-related motivational practices.Findings reveal that traditional activities like collective lesson preparations may have a negative influence on teachers’beliefs about motivational practices.They also present the necessity for adjustments on educational regulations,and for modern professional training to help teachers understand students’basic psychological needs,and to encourage new ideas to bolster students’intrinsic motivation for language learning.

A Conflict of Theory and Practice： Evidence from China

This article found that Chinese international payment＇s practice conflicted with the western macroeconomic theory. Therefore, through combining the actual conditions of China, and comparing China with the United States, this article analyzed the reason causing this kind of conflict, and provided a consulting conclusion.

Rational thinking on the theory and practice of ecological civilization in the new period of China

New requirements for the ecological civilization construction were raised by the eighteenth National Congress of the CPC. A new programme was worked out to put the construction of ecological civilization in a more prominent position which will lead to achieve the new great goal "strive to build a beautiful China and realize Chinese sustainable development". How to rapidly and thoroughly promote the theory and practice research on ecological civilization, has become the focal, difficult and key point of China's economic, political, social and cultural life at present and in the future for a long period of time.

Cross-cultural Communication Translatology:Theories and Practice

This paper proposes the notion of cross-cultural communication translatology,discusses its theories and principles,and explores its practice.It points out that cross-cultural communication translatology is a multi-disciplinary and multi-field research,which draws ideas from a number of relevant academic disciplines and fields in its theoretical development and practical operations.