Marx’s Theory of World History Explained: Basic Connotations and Contemporary Context

Marx’s theory of world history is an important part of his materialist conception of history(i.e., historical materialism). Marx and Engels summarized the evolution of social history and the laws behind it based on their observations and analyses of human activities and their material conditions in real life and raised the realistic possibility of “transformation of history into world history” in the future. From the Marxist perspective of world history, we attempt to catch a glimpse of his profound, scientific criticism of capitalism and understand the contemporaneity and supercontemporaneity of Marxism. Also, we try to perceive new issues of our time and develop a new theory grounded in the scientific, rational, and universal insights from Marxism. The study of Marx’s theory of world history and criticism of capitalism can help understand today’s major issues such as globalization and anti-globalization. In short, Marx’s theory of world history is of profound theoretical and practical significance.

Constructing a Teaching Evaluation Model for the Course of Beijing World Cultural Heritage Based on Dynamic Assessment Theory

The rapid development of international tourism has led to an increasing demand for English professionals. In order to meet this demand, universities have placed greater emphasis on the quality and level of teaching in the courses of tourism English. This paper proposes a dynamic evaluation model for tourism English courses, based on the principles of dynamic assessment theory, such as process-orientation, evaluation-teaching integration, and multiple interactions. Taking the course of Beijing World Cultural Heritage as an example, the model is instantiated to demonstrate the feasibility of applying dynamic assessment theory to tourism English courses and this model helps to provide a reference for the evaluation methods of English courses.

The Islamic Studies in China:Research in the Field of History

A history of the Islamic studies in China,not only includes studies on world Islam,it also includes research on Islam and Muslims in China.Before the Reform and Opening Up,China did not achieve much in this field,since then,the research field of Islam and Muslim in China has been expanding and the results have been published,forming a new trend.In this field,scholars such as Jin Yijiu,Li Xinghua,Qin Huibin,Zhou Guoli,Sha Qiuzhen,Zhou Xiefan,Wu Yungui,and Yang Huaizhong have made the most outstanding achievements.Especially in the collation of reference books and historical materials,in the past 20 years,The Encyclopedia of the history of Islam,The Chinese Encyclopedia of Islam have emerged,and the Chinese and World Encyclopedia of Islamic Law and other important historical books have been published.This paper focuses on the field of historical research and divided into academic research history at home and abroad,which is discussed from several fields such as general history,special history,national history,and regional history.

An analysis of the interaction mechanism between the social history of medicine research and health communication from the perspective of mass communication

The mass communication model and interactive ritual chain theory,which serve as communication paradigms in the new media era,facilitate and enhance the synergy between the fields of social history of medicine and health communication.This study employs a comprehensive framework based on the five elements of the mass communication model:information source,communication subject,communication object,message content,and post-communication feedback.Additionally,it incorporates the interactive ritual chain theory to examine the evolving dynamics and developmental trajectory of research in the social history of medicine during the new media era.Conclusively,this paper acknowledges the existing interaction gaps in the interaction between health communication and the social history of medicine research while outlining the challenges for fostering collaboration and proposing strategic optimizations for effective integration.

An Insight Into the Promise and Problems of Combining Life History and Grounded Theory Research

This paper describes the research carried out in partial fulfilment of the degree of doctor of education. The study was qualitative in nature with a phenomenological interpretive paradigm dominating the philosophical approach. The research methods adopted combined life story and grounded theory. As far as the author has been able to determine there are very few, if any studies which have applied this approach specifically to this area of research which investigated the influence life history has on attitude to lifelong learning. Twenty five respondents were interviewed in face-to-face informal interviews. The main aim was to elicit the respondent＇s subjective interpretation of the interaction between school, family, work, and learning within their lives. The researcher was then able to identify when they occurred and what or who made them particularly meaningful. This paper describes how initial decisions were made regarding the substantive area for the research. Sampling technique and method for collecting the data is discussed and a worked example is given of how the data was analysed. It is intended that this paper will give an insight into the challenge of combining these two much debated methods of research. The empirical data lead to some interesting findings which educators and policy makers will find helpful in order to strengthen the school, college, and workplace interface.

Memory Recently Retold： The Chinese Historical Writing of the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II

Memories regarding the history of the Second Sino-Japanese War （1931-1945） and World War il （1939-1945） have always been refreshed in the minds of contemporaries through the retelling of ＂historical war stories＂ in various forms including books, posters, films and other media presentations. However, these retellings are often criticised by some academics as distortion of historical facts. This is because many of the present generation of readers and audiences were not even born at the time the events happened. Thus, ＂historical facts＂ of this era are, in reality, very vague in people＇s minds and their ＂facts＂ are often simply a construction of frequently retold ＂historical war stories＂ mixed with imagination. This article will argue that even immediately after the end of both wars in 1945, fresh history memory was already distorted, with China being the main victim. Following the end of World War II, there was an extensive publication of books and periodicals about the war. However, through varied interpretations of primary sources and use of visual materials in different ways, various positions were created to suit specific needs for justification of China＇s desire to be part of the camp of world powers after 1945. Similar diverse positions were also used to make political arguments criticising both the Axis and Allied Powers for working toward different political ends.

THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ANCIENT WORLD HISTORY

1.Date:August 25-29,1997(Monday-Friday),fora duration of 5 days including a one-dayvisit to the Xianghai Bird Reserve2 Venue:Northeast Normal UniversityChangchun,Northeast of P.R.China3. Sponsorship:Northeast Normal University andThe Society of Ancient World History in China(SAWHC).4. Topics:The main topics are as follows:(1) The Origins and Rise of AncientCivilizations(2) The Nature and Characteristics ofAncient Civilizations(3) The Features and Aspects of VariousAncient Civilizations:a. Economy b. Social Conditionsc. Politics d. Religions e. Historiographyf. Science and Philosophy g. Literatureh. Archaeology and Art i. Family andWomen＇s Status(4) The Development and Connections ofAncient

Incorporating Ideological and Political Teaching Methods into the Course of Mongolian Medicine History

School education shoulders the great mission of cultivating people by virtue,and has an unshirkable responsibility in students ideological and political education.In addition to the main channel of ideological and political theory courses,it is also necessary to make ideological and political education permeate other professional courses,so as to realize moral education.The integration of Mongolian Medicine History and ideological and political education has unique advantages in terms of content and scientific attributes.However,when the two are organically integrated,it is an important step to successfully carry out ideological and political theories teaching in the course by choosing suitable cases,digging out the ideological and political meaning behind each case,and finally exerting a subtle influence on students thoughts.

Ancient Charm in a Modern World Kashgar’s old city recalls Silk Road’s history and time-honored traditions

[Kashgar is] the best-preserved example of a traditional Islamic city to be found anywhere in Central Asia.

中国翻译理论史研究:“一体双层”模式建构

当理论研究发展到一定阶段,就需要进行必要的学术史梳理,以便回望来路,展望去路。近年来,中国翻译理论史研究正成为国内译学界研究的热点之一,以应对翻译学学科进一步发展的诉求。但与当前欣欣向荣的翻译史研究相比,国内的翻译理论史研究还较为薄弱。本研究聚焦中国翻译理论史研究模式的元思考,尝试以翻译理论史的4个要素——译论、翻译实践、译论者和社会为构成性的“一体”,从内层——心理层和外层——社会层以及相对应的两个跨学科视角——发生认识论和知识社会学作为阐释性的“双层”,建构一个研究和撰写中国翻译理论史的“一体双层”模式,并对该模式进行宏观与微观相结合的理论阐发和举例论证,最后对中国翻译理论史研究提出几点建议,特别是提出建立一个译学分支学科——“译论思想史”的设想。本研究希望能为中国翻译理论史的研究和撰写提供研究模式方面的可能途径,助力中国翻译理论史研究向纵深发展。

理性作为人的尊严:论康德意义上的教育必然是世界公民教育

在康德于1874年发表的《世界公民视野下的普遍历史观》中,理性被康德视为人类的独特禀赋和人类尊严的体现,理性是人类普遍历史发展的线索和目的。在普遍历史进程中,理性是人格发展的目标,并进一步在国家和世界层面不断扩张,最终完成“普遍的世界公民”的自由使用理性的这一“大自然的隐蔽计划”。这一计划的实现有赖于理性的公共使用、完善公民宪法的保障和各国致力于永久和平的多重努力。在这种世界公民的历史哲学视野下,内嵌入人类这一理性/尊严扩张进程的教育进程,必然是世界主义的;作为理性存在者的人的教育,必然是世界公民的教育。对于今天日益对抗、分裂和阵营划分的世界危机,发展作为永恒的高阶能力的理性或批判性思维,应该成为公民教育的基本要素,把对永久和平的期待转变为一种永久的理性对话,来考察全球议题,寻求全球共识,展现公民勇气,重建和推动人类共同体的持续繁荣。

化学课程与教学论专业课程思政教学探讨——以化学发展史研究专题课程为例

“大思政”背景下研究生课程思政是落实“立德树人”根本任务的战略举措,是培养高质量创新型人才的重要途径。针对当前化学课程与教学论专业研究生课程思政建设存在的问题,以化学发展史研究专题课程为例,构建化学发展史课程思政元素,基于成果导向教育理念,明确课程思政“三位一体”育人目标体系、设计并实施融入思政的教学过程和教学评价。问卷调查显示,该专业课程思政教育具有启智增慧和价值引领的作用,验证该实施路径和方法的有效性,为研究生专业课程思政教育提供一定的参考。

论新中国史研究与“新中国学”

今年是中华人民共和国成立75周年。75年来特别是中共十八大以来,中国特色社会主义进入新时代,党领导人民全面建成小康社会,乘势开启实现第二个百年奋斗目标新征程。新中国的历史发展,是历史中国的延续和发展,中国式现代化由奠基、开创到深化和拓展,中华民族从站起来到富起来再到强起来,中华文明实现生命更新和现代转型。新中国的历史发展,不断孕育、生成和发展关于新中国的认识和研究,即“新中国学”。“新中国学”特指关于中华人民共和国之学,由此也推动中国学从“他塑”转向“自塑”,重心从研究中国传统历史文化转向探讨关于新中国的历史、社会和时代发展,以及新中国与世界的关系。“新中国学”是一个复杂的系统学科,是关于新中国的“百科全书”;作为世界中国学的重要组成部分,在向世界传播中国精神、中国价值、中国力量方面发挥着重要作用。加快构建“新中国学”的学科体系、学术体系和话语体系,推动引领世界中国学发展,是推进新中国史研究的学科建设要求,也是推动哲学社会科学讲好中国故事、传播好中国声音的时代要求。为此,我们与河北学刊杂志社共同策划了本组专题讨论,重点以《论新中国史研究与“新中国学”》《新中国史史料学的新境遇与新问题--兼论“新中国学”资料构建的发展性与实践性》为题作多方面探讨,以期引领和推动“新中国学”研究不断向纵深发展。

以医史佐助为载体构建中医基础理论课程思政教学的研究

中医基础理论课程是中医学理论体系的入门课程,习近平总书记强调要把思政课程融入人才教育培养体系,紧抓高校课程思政建设,提高高校人才培养质量,要在课程教学中注重加强医德医风教育,那么如何有效发掘中医基础理论课程中的思政元素并将其融入课程,起到润物无声的教育效果是当务之急。文章以“医史佐助”为载体,将中医医史文化、经典名医名家事迹等融入中医基础理论课程是一条有效途径。

关于区域国别学发展的一些看法:世界史学科的视角

区域国别研究在中国是一个新的交叉学科,是中国国力增强的产物,也是世界主导性大国的学术标配。中国的区域国别研究应该为中国的现代化目标服务,应该把深入研究他国的政治、经济、历史、文化等作为主要任务,同时利用好现有的学科设置,充分发挥世界史、国际关系、外语类等涉外学科的优势,加强复合型人才培养,为中国的崛起发挥应有的作用。

从社会实践到个人信息世界——基于“实践—经验—心灵”交互性的信息分化理论框架

本文阐释了作者根据其主持的数项国家自然科学基金课题的研究结果而提出的、旨在解释社会成员之间信息分化成因的整体性理论框架。该理论采纳、发展或提出了实践、实践的信息环境、信息获取、信息活动、信息经验效应、心灵状态、个人信息世界等概念,并通过这些概念间的关系解释了信息分化(特别是其中的信息获取差异)的发生。本研究比较了该理论与以往信息分化理论的区别,同时针对老年人的数字化落伍现象展示了该理论框架的解释力优势。

优化:人工智能时代的文论问题

日常用语中的“优化”指采取一定措施使事物变得优异。作为计算科学和运筹学中的重要内容,优化是指在一定限制条件下,选取某种方案以获得“最优化”的目标。将优化引入文论,可以与美化相关联,彼此之间有同有异。生成式AI中,优化有模型训练、创意提示、调试迭代三种方式。文艺作品之所以能够被优化,与其作为物质基础的艺术媒介及其作品的“可修正性”有关。在优化的技术演进中,先后经历了手工加工时代的优化、机械复制时代的优化、数字创生时代的优化三个阶段。手工加工时代出现了诸如对“手稿”的“润色、修改”,对“乐器”的“调音”,对“原作”的“临摹、誊写甚至重写”,对“文物、遗迹”的“修复”等不同的“类优化”类型;机械复制时代出现了“参数优化”“剪辑优化”“表演优化”等类型;数字创生时代出现了以算法优化为核心的智能优化。将优化引入文论,需要警惕“最优化”的结果不是“奇异性”,而是“普通性”的算法悖论、数据和变量中的偏差不易被纠偏;相反,易强化成偏见的偏差悖论以及随机并不意味着不同,而只是相似,是风格的重复的生成悖论。