Forecasting promising technology using analysis of patent information:Focused on next generation mobile communications

In order to forecast promising technologies in the field of next generation mobile communication, various patent indicators were analyzed such as citation per patent, patent family information, patent share, increase rate, and patent activity. These indicators were quantified into several indexes and then integrated into an evaluation score to provide promising technologies. As a result of the suggested patent analysis, four technologies out of twenty two in details classification were selected, which showed outstanding technology competitiveness, high patent share and increasing rates as well as high recent-patent-ratios and triad-patent-family-ratios. Each of the selected technologies scored more than 10 points in total, and the following four technologies were suggested as promising ones in the field of next generation mobile communication: 1) 3GPP based mobile communication, 2) beyond 4G mobile communication, 3) IEEE 802.16 based mobile communication, which are in medium classification of broadband mobile communication system, and 4) testing/certification system of mobile communication, which is in medium classification of mobile communication testing/certification system.

Addressing the Issues and Developments Correlated with Envisaged 5G Mobile Technologies: Comprehensive Solutions

Fifth Generation(5G)communications are regarded as the cornerstone to household consumer experience improvements and smart manufacturing revolution from the standpoint of industries’objectives.It is anticipated that Envisaged 5G(E5G)mobile technology would be operational in certain developed countries by 2023.The Internet of Things(IoTs)will transform how humans live when combined with smart and integrated sensing devices,such as in-home sensing devices.Recent research is being carried out all over the world to produce a new technique that can be crucial in the success of the anticipated 5G mobile technology.High output,reduced latency,highly reliable,greater scalability,high performance,capacity,bandwidth efficiency,virtual open-air transmission,and efficient energy mobile wireless communications are all being investigated currently.In this work,a comprehensive path for addressing the difficulties and developments associated with 5G mobile technology is provided.The debate and description of a complete analysis of current situations,certain characteristics and prospective scenarios,important technologies,problems and advances,and spectrum allocation of envisioned 5G mobile technologies are provided.Furthermore,this paper analyzes the most notable elements of 5G mobile technology,such as Cognitive Radio(CR),flexibility,accessibility,and cloud-based service offers,which will assure 5G mobile technology’s dominance as the main protocol for international communication.Eventually,this paper provides a method for integrating CR with current wireless communication systems,the necessity for further evolution of the E5G network,and the need for comprehensive consideration of architecture evolution and function enhancement to enhance the E5G mobile technologies.

Business Ecosystem Strategies of Mobile Network Operators in the 3G Era

This paper applies the perspective of business ecosystem to mobile communications industry,trying to help mobile network operators improve their strategies in the era of the third generation mobile communications(3G).According to the definition of the business ecosystem,the ecosystem structure of mobile network operators is analyzed.As an important hub in the ecosystem,mobile network operators are advised to take a keystone strategy.The key points of the strategy are summarized.Finally,suggestions for Chinese mobile network operators are given based on the analysis.

Reference of 3^(rd) Generation Mobile Communications Development of Russia to China

Since 2000 mobile communications have undergoneextremely fast growth in Russia with a penetration ratefar surpassing China. In October 2007, Russian 3Gmobile communications networks were formallylaunched for commercial operation. This article attempts to bring forth some suggestions for China’s 3Gmobile communications development through a studyof the Russian mobile migration process from 2G to 3G.

Design of an Interconnection Architecture and Sizing of Two (2) EPC Core Networks: The Case of Orange-Guinea

With the arrival of the 4G and 5G,the telecommunications networks have experienced a large expansion of these networks.That enabled the integration of many services and adequate flow,thus enabling the operators to respond to the growing demand of users.This rapid evolution has given the operators to adapt,their methods to the new technologies that increase.This complexity becomes more important,when these networks include several technologies to access different from the heterogeneous network like in the 4G network.The dimensional new challenges tell the application and the considerable increase in demand for services and the compatibility with existing networks,the management of mobility intercellular of users and it offers a better quality of services.Thus,the proposed solution to meet these new requirements is the sizing of the EPC(Evolved Packet Core)core network to support the 5G access network.For the case of Orange Guinea,this involves setting up an architecture for interconnecting the core networks of Sonfonia and Camayenne.The objectives of our work are of two orders:(1)to propose these solutions and recommendations for the heart network EPC sizing and the deployment to be adopted;(2)supply and architectural interconnection in the heart network EPC and an existing heart network.In our work,the model of traffic in communication that we use to calculate the traffic generated with each technology has link in the network of the heart.

Comparison and Design of Decoder in B3G Mobile Communication System

Turbo code has been shown to have ability to achieve performance that is close to Shannon limit. It has been adopted by various commercial communication systems. Both universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS) TDD and FDD have also employed turbo code as the error correction coding scheme. It outperforms convolutional code in large block size, but because of its time delay, it is often only used in the non-real-time service. In this paper, we discuss the encoder and decoder structure of turbo code in B3G mobile communication System. In addition, various decoding techniques, such as the Log-MAP, Max-log-MAP and SOVA algorithm for non-real-time service are deduced and compared. The performance results of decoder and algorithms in different configurations are also shown.

Research Framework of B3G Mobile Communications Systems

Compared with the services in 3G, services in Beyond 3G (B3G) have some distinctive characteristics such as the packet data services being the majority, more service types, larger scale of services, higher peak transmission rate, enlarged range of transmission rates, more spatial and temporal distribution differences, and more service transmission requests occurring in fast moving vehicles. In order to meet the requirements of B3G services, the B3G systems must have great improvement in network architecture, air interface scheme, radio resource allocation strategy, frequency bands, and Radio Frequency (RF) technology etc. Therefore, the research of the B3G systems should focus on the theory of generalized cellular communications networks, theory of the Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) wireless transmission system, matching of radio resources to new-type air interfaces, new iterative detection and adaptive link methods, and new-type antenna and RF technologies.

MIS-Grid for Future Mobile Communications

The dilemma of modern mobile communications technology is analyzed. Aiming at some problems in the 3G systems, a new network architecture is proposed on the principle of mobile information sharing grid (MIS-Grid). The essence of MIS-Grid is to transfer the hot wide band information with cheap unidirectional broadcasting channels and the personalized services with relatively expensive interactive networks.

Tackling Key Technological Problems and Advancing 5G Technology Application in Railway

The paper summarizes the development of mobile communication of domestic and foreign railways,and proposes the priorities for tackling key technological problems of railway 5G private network according to the technical routes of railway next-generation mobile communication determined by China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.From the aspects of work objectives,principles,technical routes and innovative working methods,the paper elaborates the ideas of railway 5G scientific and technological research,puts forward the contents and plans of scientific and technological research on railway 5G private network,systematically organizes the achievements in the scientific and technological research stage of railway 5G private network,and sets forth the key contents of next-step scientific and technological research.

地震台站无线远程监控及3G备用信道方案实现

介绍了一稳定可靠的地震台站无线远程监控及3G备用信道方案的实现,其是基于GSM(全球移动通信系统)网络3G(第三代移动通信技术)和SMS(短信业务)的方案。当有线信道出现故障时,中心人员可通过SMS(短信业务)指令对其控制切换并启动无线备用信道,当有线信道恢复后,通过指令关闭无线信道并切换至有线信道进行地震数据传输。具有通过3G无线传输测震数据的功能。

Design Framework of Unsourced Multiple Access for 6G Massive IoT

In this paper,ambient IoT is used as a typical use case of massive connections for the sixth generation(6G)mobile communications where we derive the performance requirements to facilitate the evaluation of technical solutions.A rather complete design of unsourced multiple access is proposed in which two key parts:a compressed sensing module for active user detection,and a sparse interleaver-division multiple access(SIDMA)module are simulated side by side on a same platform at balanced signal to noise ratio(SNR)operating points.With a proper combination of compressed sensing matrix,a convolutional encoder,receiver algorithms,the simulated performance results appear superior to the state-of-the-art benchmark,yet with relatively less complicated processing.

基于云代理的智能手机3G通信端口节能模型

智能手机的无线通信端口是消耗电量的主要部件之一。随着移动互联网的普及,智能手机中主流的3G端口通信量不断增加,造成手机续航时间大大缩短。新兴的云计算服务平台采用云迁移技术对手机能耗进行优化,但针对通信能耗涉及较少。本文提出利用云代理技术实现智能手机中3G无线通信端口的节能模型。该模型主要针对占据总通信能耗较大比例的尾能耗进行优化,通过在云端采取尾能耗聚合与智能预取模型,实现3G端口能耗的降低。

Towards Intelligent Reflecting Surface Empowered 6G Terahertz Communications: A Survey

Terahertz(THz)communications have been widely envisioned as a promising enabler to provide adequate bandwidth and achieve ultra-high data rates for sixth generation(6G)wireless networks.In order to mitigate blockage vulnerability caused by serious propagation attenuation and poor diffraction of THz waves,an intelligent reflecting surface(IRS),which manipulates the propagation of incident electromagnetic waves in a programmable manner by adjusting the phase shifts of passive reflecting elements,is proposed to create smart radio environments,improve spectrum efficiency and enhance coverage capability.Firstly,some prospective application scenarios driven by the IRS empowered THz communications are introduced,including wireless mobile communications,secure communications,unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)scenario,mobile edge computing(MEC)scenario and THz localization scenario.Then,we discuss the enabling technologies employed by the IRS empowered THz system,involving hardware design,channel estimation,capacity optimization,beam control,resource allocation and robustness design.Moreover,the arising challenges and open problems encountered in the future IRS empowered THz communications are also highlighted.Concretely,these emerging problems possibly originate from channel modeling,new material exploration,experimental IRS testbeds and intensive deployment.Ultimately,the combination of THz communications and IRS is capable of accelerating the development of 6G wireless networks.

Unmanned aerial vehicle based intelligent triage system in mass-casualty incidents using 5G and artificial intelligence

BACKGROUND:Rapid on-site triage is critical after mass-casualty incidents(MCIs)and other mass injury events.Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have been used in MCIs to search and rescue wounded individuals,but they mainly depend on the UAV operator’s experience.We used UAVs and artificial intelligence(AI)to provide a new technique for the triage of MCIs and more efficient solutions for emergency rescue.METHODS:This was a preliminary experimental study.We developed an intelligent triage system based on two AI algorithms,namely OpenPose and YOLO.Volunteers were recruited to simulate the MCI scene and triage,combined with UAV and Fifth Generation(5G)Mobile Communication Technology real-time transmission technique,to achieve triage in the simulated MCI scene.RESULTS:Seven postures were designed and recognized to achieve brief but meaningful triage in MCIs.Eight volunteers participated in the MCI simulation scenario.The results of simulation scenarios showed that the proposed method was feasible in tasks of triage for MCIs.CONCLUSION:The proposed technique may provide an alternative technique for the triage of MCIs and is an innovative method in emergency rescue.

Compact 5G Vivaldi Tapered Slot Filtering Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth

Compact fifth-generation(5G)low-frequency band filtering antennas(filtennas)with stable directive radiation patterns,improved bandwidth(BW),and gain are designed,fabricated,and tested in this research.The proposed filtennas are achieved by combining the predesigned compact 5G(5.975–7.125 GHz)third-order uniform and non-uniform transmission line hairpin bandpass filters(UTL and NTL HPBFs)with the compact ultrawide band Vivaldi tapered slot antenna(UWB VTSA)in one module.The objective of this integration is to enhance the performance of 5.975–7.125GHz filtennas which will be suitable for modern mobile communication applications by exploiting the benefits of UWB VTSA.Based on NTL HPBF,more space is provided to add the direct current(DC)biassing circuits in cognitive radio networks(CRNs)for frequency reconfigurable applications.To overcome the mismatch between HPBFs and VTSA,detailed parametric studies are presented.Computer simulation technology(CST)software is used for the simulation in this study.Good measured S11 appeared to be<−13 and<−10.54 dB at 5.48–7.73 and 5.9–7.98GHz with peak realized gains of 6.37 and 6.27 dBi,for VTSA with UTL and NTL HPBFs,respectively which outperforms the predesigned filters.Validation is carried out by comparing the measured and simulated results.

医院移动虚拟院长办公系统开发与应用研究

结合3G移动技术和虚拟代理技术,针对院长出差等不在医院的情况,特别设计开发医院移动虚拟院长办公系统,方便院长通过移动设备随时对医院情况进行掌握和管理。该系统不仅能够提供动态信息综合定量分析和查询功能,为院长及时掌握医院工作情况从而进行决策提供多方面的参考数据,还能根据预先设置参数,自动通过短信方式发送各种设定数据信息到院长手机上,且必要时还能根据设置由虚拟院长代理代替院长进行决策。

基于4G的机器人与云平台无线数据传输系统设计

将机器人采集到的温度、湿度和位置等数据信息传送至云平台服务器,便于云端数据分析、机器人数据共享以及人机信息交互等。本文应用第4代移动通信技术(the 4th generation mobile communication technology,4G)无线传输技术,设计的机器人与云平台无线数据传输系统主要包括硬件和软件实现2个部分,硬件方面机器人通过32位微控制器(STMicroelectronics32,STM32)嵌入式系统与4G模块组合,将传感器采集到的数据信息,通过Internet网络传输到云平台服务器中,软件部分运用C语言编程通过网络透传模式(transmission control protocol/user datagram protocol, TCP/UDP)实现无线通信过程,最终实验验证了机器人与云平台服务器之间的双向无线数据传输功能。

A Simulation Study on Channel Estimation for MIMO-OFDM Based Beyond 3G Mobile Systems

Multi-Input Multi-Output antennas based Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing （MIMO-OFDM） has been chosen as the air interface technology for China＇s beyond 3G Time-Division Duplex （TDD） mobile system in the FUTURE research project. Channel estimation plays a key role on the performance of the MIMO-OFDM receiver. In this paper, we present five channel estimation algorithms and study their performance in a simulated beyond 3G TDD mobile system, Simulation results show that the adaptive 2D-LMS algorithm we proposed recently has the best performance when the signal to noise ratio is lower than 8 dB.

Spatio-Temporal Cellular Network Traffic Prediction Using Multi-Task Deep Learning for AI-Enabled 6G

Spatio-temporal cellular network traffic prediction at wide-area level plays an important role in resource reconfiguration,traffic scheduling and intrusion detection,thus potentially supporting connected intelligence of the sixth generation of mobile communications technology(6G).However,the existing studies just focus on the spatio-temporal modeling of traffic data of single network service,such as short message,call,or Internet.It is not conducive to accurate prediction of traffic data,characterised by diverse network service,spatio-temporality and supersize volume.To address this issue,a novel multi-task deep learning framework is developed for citywide cellular network traffic prediction.Functionally,this framework mainly consists of a dual modular feature sharing layer and a multi-task learning layer(DMFS-MT).The former aims at mining long-term spatio-temporal dependencies and local spatio-temporal fluctuation trends in data,respectively,via a new combination of convolutional gated recurrent unit(ConvGRU)and 3-dimensional convolutional neural network(3D-CNN).For the latter,each task is performed for predicting service-specific traffic data based on a fully connected network.On the real-world Telecom Italia dataset,simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposal through prediction performance measure,spatial pattern comparison and statistical distribution verification.

GUEST EDITORIAL

The landscape of mobile communication networks has been evolving so rapidly.Over the last decades,3G/4G achieved unprecedented success thanks to its advancement in IP for all,and high-speed,mobile and ubiquitous Internet access.Compared with 3G/4G,5G now makes significant advances in terms of connectivity,data rate and latency,which shifts from the conventional people-to-people to the modern people-to-things and things-to-things communication paradigm.