Optimal operation of Internet Data Center with PV and energy storage type of UPS clusters

With the development of green data centers,a large number of Uninterruptible Power Supply(UPS)resources in Internet Data Center(IDC)are becoming idle assets owing to their low utilization rate.The revitalization of these idle UPS resources is an urgent problem that must be addressed.Based on the energy storage type of the UPS(EUPS)and using renewable sources,a solution for IDCs is proposed in this study.Subsequently,an EUPS cluster classification method based on the concept of shared mechanism niche(CSMN)was proposed to effectively solve the EUPS control problem.Accordingly,the classified EUPS aggregation unit was used to determine the optimal operation of the IDC.An IDC cost minimization optimization model was established,and the Quantum Particle Swarm Optimization(QPSO)algorithm was adopted.Finally,the economy and effectiveness of the three-tier optimization framework and model were verified through three case studies.

Three-Tier Knowledge Management System Based on .NET

Three-tier knowledge management system based on .NET architecture is designed according to requirement specification, characteristics of and relationship between enterprise electronic archives and knowledge management. This system using three-tier design based on factory pattern has good encapsulation and portability, with clearer and more concise structure. It degrades the costs of system development and maintenance and upgrades system’s high reusability and development efficiency.

An Internet Based Distributed Control Systems: A Case Study of Oil Refineries

An Internet based Distributed Control System (DCS) is presented in this paper for monitoring real time data using ordinary web browser. Each DCS will be connected to the central server which will be the system web server. The proposed system is based on the three-tier client-server model. The application server is written in C#.Net. SQL database server 2005 is used for all the DCSs local database servers and for the system database server. Monitoring real time system alarm and all historical records are considered as part of the proposed system. The North Oil Refineries of Baiji (NORB) in northern Iraq is considered as a case study for the developed system. These refineries have twelve independent DCSs which are connected in a mesh network to form one system similar to an ordinary Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) system.

A Web-Based System for Remote Data Browsing in HT-7 Tokamak

HT-7 is the first superconducting tokamak device for fusion research in China.Many experiments have been performed on the HT-7 tokamak since 1994 with numerous satisfactory results achieved in the fusion research field. As more and better communication is required with other fusion research laboratories, remote access to experimental data is becoming increasingly important in order to raise the degree of openness of experiments and to expand research results. The web-based remote data browsing system enables authorized users in geographically different locations to view and search for experimental data without having to install any utility software at their terminals. The three-tier software architecture and thin client technology are used to operate the system effectively. This paper describes the structure of the system and the realization of its functions, focusing on three main points： the communication between the participating tiers, the data structure of the system and the visualization of the raw data on web pages.

The Impact of Organization Structure on Human Resource Management in a Bi-national Organzation A Case Study of Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority （TAZARA）

This study explores the impact of organization structure on human resource management in a bi-national organization Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority （TAZARA）. It is a bi-national organization because it is jointly owned and managed by the two contacting states of the United Republic of Tanzania and the Republic of Zambia. Tanzania-Zambia Railway stretches 1,860 meters from the Port of Dares Salaam in East Africa to New Kapiri Mposhi in Zambia. The study seeks to provide answers to such questions as what is an organization structure. Can an organization structure affect human resource management in an organization？ If so how？ What type of organiTation structure can be appropriate for a bi-national organization？ What are the advantages and the limitations of the organization structure designed for TAZARA？ What measures can be taken to deal with the disadvantages？ Organization structure refers to the formal arrangement of tasks, communication, and authority relationships that influence and control how people coordinate and conduct their work （Martin ＆ Fellenz, 2010）. The study was undertaken within phenomenological paradigm due to the nature of the inquiry of the impact of the organization structure on a bi-national organization concerned with the relationships of actors such as governments as both institutions and employers and employees as individuals and groups. Phenomenological paradigm is concerned with the understanding of human behavior from the participants＇ frame of reference. The study was designed as a case study where the researcher explores a phenomenon （case） in this case （ the organization structure） bounded in time and activity （in this case TAZARA as an institution） and collects data using a variety of procedures during a sustained period of time. It was appropriate for exploring, understanding, and obtaining in depth knowledge of understanding the impact of organization structure on a bi-national organization Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority, which is divided into two regions and the Head office. Both primary and secondary data were collected from the two regions and the Head office. Primary data were collected by focus group discussion, and structured interviews and questionnaires while secondary data were collected by archival method, organization documents, books, and news papers. Data were analyzed using both qualitative and quantitative methods by triangulation techniques. Sample size comprised eight governments and Board of Directors officials, 35 Management officials, 11 trade union officials and 58 focus group members from seven discussions groups, and bring the total to 112. The study revealed that the organization structure has both advantages and limitations. From governments＇ perspective the structure provides the means of maintaining equal commitment, ownership, and management of the organization by the two contracting states, while the business perspective has identified two limitations. First, the three-tier structure is expensive because of duplication of duties. Second, the involvement of government officials in managing the organization brings in government bureaucracy which should be avoided in business due to slow decision making. Efforts to change the structure to make it business, as so far have proved futile due to governments＇ reluctance to refinquish power as this will be seen as reducing their commitment to the organization.

Analyses on web-based product data management

This paper is concerned with the development of product data management （PDM） systems--WPDM systems based on web technologies. As a tool to integrate information, traditional PDM system has many benefits for the companies in such aspects as improving design productivity, better control over projects and so on. With the maturing of web technologies, the advantages of WPDM system are obvious. We will show these advantages in detail in Part 3. WPDM system is built on three-tier application model to provide security and flexibility, they are back-end, middle layer and front-end. The basic designs in each layer will be briefly introduced in Part 4. In the future, WPDM will be extended to integrate with other applications to provide a complete web-based engineering environment.

Research and Implementation of inter-VLAN communication

In order to reduce broadcast storms, improve network security, virtual LAN technology has been widely used in LAN planning. But in many networks, it was be required that computers in different VLAN （Virtual Local Area Network） could be communicated. This article mainly introduced the VLAN classification method inter-VLAN data communication technology, and explained in detail with two simple examples the concrete configure method of the communication between the same cross-switch VLAN traffic and inter-VLAN.