Based on a study oftbe empirical research literature, this paper presents us with a panoramic picture of migrant workers in China covering their numbers, their structural distribution, their contribution to labor expo...Based on a study oftbe empirical research literature, this paper presents us with a panoramic picture of migrant workers in China covering their numbers, their structural distribution, their contribution to labor export areas and their impact on labor import areas. Within the total analysis, attention should be paid to the different statistical specifications used in different surveys to estimate the size of the rural migrant population. What is noteworthy is that the number of rural migrant workers has reached 130 million according to the latest agricultural census. The non-working population migrating with migrant workers are not counted in such data. Those who migrate to seek work or run a business are mainly young people with an educational background of junior high school; they are mainly employed in manufacturing, construction and service industries. A large proportion of them have traveled a long distance. Studies have shown that the structural transformation of employment brought about by the cross-regional migration of rural migrant workers has made a huge contribution (estimated at around 20%) to China's economic growth. While such migrations have positive effects on labor export areas overall, particularly in terms of income, they also have left behind a large population of uncared-for children and old people.展开更多
China has a large rural migrant population,the country’s urbanization rate is low,and the cost of urbanization is high.These factors make the promotion of urbanization in China a long,arduous,and expensive task.By id...China has a large rural migrant population,the country’s urbanization rate is low,and the cost of urbanization is high.These factors make the promotion of urbanization in China a long,arduous,and expensive task.By identifying and defining key elements of China’s urbanization transformation,this paper calculates the degree of China’s current transformation and proposes an approach based on systemic data to facilitate the continued process of transforming rural populations into citizens with full urban residential rights,herein referred to as“citizenization.”This paper finds that only about 40%of rural migrants had transformed into urban residents in 2011,and this share remained stagnant in 2012.Meanwhile,according to the sixth demographic census,the incomplete urbanization rate-calculated based on the difference between the share of the registered non-agriculture population as a percentage of the total population and the share of permanent urban residents-reached 23 percentage points.This thesis argues that it is necessary to advance the transformation process in a steady,stage-by-stage manner,including by carrying out multi-pronged efforts in various fields at various levels,and establishing a diversified cost-sharing mechanism,so as to achieve higher-quality,rational urbanization in China.展开更多
文摘Based on a study oftbe empirical research literature, this paper presents us with a panoramic picture of migrant workers in China covering their numbers, their structural distribution, their contribution to labor export areas and their impact on labor import areas. Within the total analysis, attention should be paid to the different statistical specifications used in different surveys to estimate the size of the rural migrant population. What is noteworthy is that the number of rural migrant workers has reached 130 million according to the latest agricultural census. The non-working population migrating with migrant workers are not counted in such data. Those who migrate to seek work or run a business are mainly young people with an educational background of junior high school; they are mainly employed in manufacturing, construction and service industries. A large proportion of them have traveled a long distance. Studies have shown that the structural transformation of employment brought about by the cross-regional migration of rural migrant workers has made a huge contribution (estimated at around 20%) to China's economic growth. While such migrations have positive effects on labor export areas overall, particularly in terms of income, they also have left behind a large population of uncared-for children and old people.
基金This paper is a staged achievement of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences’Innovation Program:“Research on Quality Assessment and Ways of Improving Urbanization”.
文摘China has a large rural migrant population,the country’s urbanization rate is low,and the cost of urbanization is high.These factors make the promotion of urbanization in China a long,arduous,and expensive task.By identifying and defining key elements of China’s urbanization transformation,this paper calculates the degree of China’s current transformation and proposes an approach based on systemic data to facilitate the continued process of transforming rural populations into citizens with full urban residential rights,herein referred to as“citizenization.”This paper finds that only about 40%of rural migrants had transformed into urban residents in 2011,and this share remained stagnant in 2012.Meanwhile,according to the sixth demographic census,the incomplete urbanization rate-calculated based on the difference between the share of the registered non-agriculture population as a percentage of the total population and the share of permanent urban residents-reached 23 percentage points.This thesis argues that it is necessary to advance the transformation process in a steady,stage-by-stage manner,including by carrying out multi-pronged efforts in various fields at various levels,and establishing a diversified cost-sharing mechanism,so as to achieve higher-quality,rational urbanization in China.