It is a very hard job for historians to keep themselves neutrals in from of the events they find during their studies. It is also difficult to notice the correlations among the different times of the history without f...It is a very hard job for historians to keep themselves neutrals in from of the events they find during their studies. It is also difficult to notice the correlations among the different times of the history without falling in anachronistic mistakes. In fact, it is well-known that a historian must be wise and rational when he finds those correlations, because every society has its own characteristics, structures, and mentality. This brief essay focuses on the social structures in a north eastern italic region, which is called Friuli, between the 12th and 16th centuries. In the above mentioned centuries, it is possible to notice an evolution from a feudal ecclesiastical principality, ruled by prince-patriarchs, ecclesiastical institutions and nobility, to a more fluid and dynamic constitution formed by new classes which rose up in times of urban and economic development. But this development struggles to delete the old system, which persisted until the end of 18th century with the arrival of Napoleon. The transition from the Patriarch＇s power to Venice＇s dominion seems to have created two main consequences： by one hand a more bureaucratic and modem structure of the State, by the other hand a consolidation of the old connections between patrons and clients, consequence of the ＂modem＂ feudal system that consolidated its roots in the Late Middle Ages centuries.展开更多
Since its founding in 1993, the China Society for Human Rights Studies （CSHRS） has extensively participated inthe human rights work of the United Nations （UN） and has actively carried out international exchange an...Since its founding in 1993, the China Society for Human Rights Studies （CSHRS） has extensively participated inthe human rights work of the United Nations （UN） and has actively carried out international exchange and cooperation. In May 2012, the UN Human Rights Council （UNHRC） initiated the second round of country reviews on human rights.展开更多
Jewish women activity in the Lithuanian women＇s movement has never been investigated. This article provides a brief overview of the most important aspects of their activities in restoring the State of Lithuania and a...Jewish women activity in the Lithuanian women＇s movement has never been investigated. This article provides a brief overview of the most important aspects of their activities in restoring the State of Lithuania and actively joining its activities in the inter-war period. In the end of 1919, the Women＇s Circle to Aid the Solders was established, and Jewish women were active in its activities. The participants of the women＇s circles were awarded the medals of the 10th anniversary of the Lithuanian Independence for their activities. The women established and actively worked in the Lithuanian Women Committee to Protect the Homeland as a response to the call-back of the Chief Defence Committee. After the Independence fights, during the period of the democratic Lithuanian state （1920-1926）, the Jewish women actively took part in the self-governing institutions. Especially active were the Jewish socialist labourists and Jewish laboursits＇ groups. This activity diminished during the period of the authoritarian regime （1926-1940）.展开更多
The aim of the article is to analyze the evolution of a radical left group in France that created a scission inside the Fourth International after World War II. The group founded a review Socialisme ou Barbarie that c...The aim of the article is to analyze the evolution of a radical left group in France that created a scission inside the Fourth International after World War II. The group founded a review Socialisme ou Barbarie that criticized Marxism and the Trotskyist interpretation of the status of the USSR. The rigorous description of this review reveals the mixture of strong theoretical views on bureaucratic societies and empirical investigations of reactions against those societies. The hypothesis is that this group failed to be a new political force. As a matter of fact, is it possible to depict the evolution of Socialisme ou Barbarie as an investigative journalism based on a strong political and philosophical theory？展开更多
Long period fiber gratings are emerging as a potential candidate in the list of surrounding refractive index optical fiber sensors. Their sensitivity can be enhanced greatly if the grating period, fiber dimensions and...Long period fiber gratings are emerging as a potential candidate in the list of surrounding refractive index optical fiber sensors. Their sensitivity can be enhanced greatly if the grating period, fiber dimensions and surrounding refractive index are optimized in a way to operate at a point called turn around point on phase matching curves of these gratings. Turn around point LPFGs are well known for their ultrahigh sensitivity to external parameters. Potential of operating LPFG at or near turn around point has been investigated by many researchers in various applications including physical parameter sensing, adulteration detection, radiation dose, etc. Since TAP LPFGs are in investigation phase therefore a lot of rigorous & efficient work in finding techniques for optimizing their potential as sensor in chemical, biochemical, structural health monitoring is still to be carried out. A brief review of work carried out in this domain till now is presented here and key findings from literature review are highlighted.展开更多
Wherever the first life originated, the Earth has grown organisms. The Earth provides life with all the basicelements required for the composition and growth of life. And of more importance is that the Earth has
随着口腔种植技术的普及,如何能够安全的为全身复杂系统疾病患者实施种植手术是当下种植医生不得不面临的挑战。根据患者身体状况,美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)将围手术期风险进行分级,ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级的患...随着口腔种植技术的普及,如何能够安全的为全身复杂系统疾病患者实施种植手术是当下种植医生不得不面临的挑战。根据患者身体状况,美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)将围手术期风险进行分级,ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级的患者手术风险极低,ASAⅣ级以上的患者风险极高,不适合手术。对于ASAⅢ级患者,如何评估围手术期风险、实施种植外科手术、降低围手术期严重并发症是越来越多种植医生关注的问题。本文拟从临床最常见合并心血管疾病的ASAⅢ级患者入手,探讨此类患者口腔种植手术的风险评估、防范及并发症防治,为该类患者安全进行种植修复提供参考。展开更多
文摘It is a very hard job for historians to keep themselves neutrals in from of the events they find during their studies. It is also difficult to notice the correlations among the different times of the history without falling in anachronistic mistakes. In fact, it is well-known that a historian must be wise and rational when he finds those correlations, because every society has its own characteristics, structures, and mentality. This brief essay focuses on the social structures in a north eastern italic region, which is called Friuli, between the 12th and 16th centuries. In the above mentioned centuries, it is possible to notice an evolution from a feudal ecclesiastical principality, ruled by prince-patriarchs, ecclesiastical institutions and nobility, to a more fluid and dynamic constitution formed by new classes which rose up in times of urban and economic development. But this development struggles to delete the old system, which persisted until the end of 18th century with the arrival of Napoleon. The transition from the Patriarch＇s power to Venice＇s dominion seems to have created two main consequences： by one hand a more bureaucratic and modem structure of the State, by the other hand a consolidation of the old connections between patrons and clients, consequence of the ＂modem＂ feudal system that consolidated its roots in the Late Middle Ages centuries.
文摘Since its founding in 1993, the China Society for Human Rights Studies （CSHRS） has extensively participated inthe human rights work of the United Nations （UN） and has actively carried out international exchange and cooperation. In May 2012, the UN Human Rights Council （UNHRC） initiated the second round of country reviews on human rights.
文摘Jewish women activity in the Lithuanian women＇s movement has never been investigated. This article provides a brief overview of the most important aspects of their activities in restoring the State of Lithuania and actively joining its activities in the inter-war period. In the end of 1919, the Women＇s Circle to Aid the Solders was established, and Jewish women were active in its activities. The participants of the women＇s circles were awarded the medals of the 10th anniversary of the Lithuanian Independence for their activities. The women established and actively worked in the Lithuanian Women Committee to Protect the Homeland as a response to the call-back of the Chief Defence Committee. After the Independence fights, during the period of the democratic Lithuanian state （1920-1926）, the Jewish women actively took part in the self-governing institutions. Especially active were the Jewish socialist labourists and Jewish laboursits＇ groups. This activity diminished during the period of the authoritarian regime （1926-1940）.
文摘The aim of the article is to analyze the evolution of a radical left group in France that created a scission inside the Fourth International after World War II. The group founded a review Socialisme ou Barbarie that criticized Marxism and the Trotskyist interpretation of the status of the USSR. The rigorous description of this review reveals the mixture of strong theoretical views on bureaucratic societies and empirical investigations of reactions against those societies. The hypothesis is that this group failed to be a new political force. As a matter of fact, is it possible to depict the evolution of Socialisme ou Barbarie as an investigative journalism based on a strong political and philosophical theory？
文摘Long period fiber gratings are emerging as a potential candidate in the list of surrounding refractive index optical fiber sensors. Their sensitivity can be enhanced greatly if the grating period, fiber dimensions and surrounding refractive index are optimized in a way to operate at a point called turn around point on phase matching curves of these gratings. Turn around point LPFGs are well known for their ultrahigh sensitivity to external parameters. Potential of operating LPFG at or near turn around point has been investigated by many researchers in various applications including physical parameter sensing, adulteration detection, radiation dose, etc. Since TAP LPFGs are in investigation phase therefore a lot of rigorous & efficient work in finding techniques for optimizing their potential as sensor in chemical, biochemical, structural health monitoring is still to be carried out. A brief review of work carried out in this domain till now is presented here and key findings from literature review are highlighted.
文摘Wherever the first life originated, the Earth has grown organisms. The Earth provides life with all the basicelements required for the composition and growth of life. And of more importance is that the Earth has
文摘随着口腔种植技术的普及,如何能够安全的为全身复杂系统疾病患者实施种植手术是当下种植医生不得不面临的挑战。根据患者身体状况,美国麻醉医师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)将围手术期风险进行分级,ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级的患者手术风险极低,ASAⅣ级以上的患者风险极高,不适合手术。对于ASAⅢ级患者,如何评估围手术期风险、实施种植外科手术、降低围手术期严重并发症是越来越多种植医生关注的问题。本文拟从临床最常见合并心血管疾病的ASAⅢ级患者入手,探讨此类患者口腔种植手术的风险评估、防范及并发症防治,为该类患者安全进行种植修复提供参考。
