A Comparison of the Views of Heavenly Principles and Human Desire and the Theory of Personality Structure

This paper makes a comparative study of the theory of heavenly principles and human desires in the Neo-Confucianism of the Song and Ming Dynasties and the theory of personality structure in psychoanalytic theory.From the perspective of the construction of the subject,in the debate between the heavenly principle and the human desire,the person is built into the moral subject.The id,ego,and super-ego in the psychoanalytic theory constitute the unconscious structural subject.In the framework of these two theories,the“maintain the heavenly principles and eradicate human desires”and“the heavenly principles exist in desire”in the theory of heavenly principles and human desires express the unity of opposites between heavenly principles and human desire.The core of personality structure theory is the relationship of obedience and control among the id,ego,and super-ego.As far as the value orientation is concerned,the debate between the heavenly principle and the human desire provides a theoretical basis for the moral practice of Confucianism of“aim at absolute perfection”,while the free will of the id in the unconscious subject is the most essential ethical aspect of psychoanalysis.

Between the Heaven and Human Beings: On the Idea of the Heaven and the Transformation of Poetry in the Mid-Tang Dynasty

The relationship between the Heaven and human beings is a central issue in the transformation of Confucianism in the Mid-Tang Dynasty.The discourses on the Heaven by Han Yu,Liu Zongyuan,and Liu Yuxi helped to promote the transformation and greatly influenced the transformation in literature.The differences in the poetry among the three authors may also be interpreted from the perspective of their perceptions of the Heaven—Han Yu’s discourse on the Heaven focused on the enemy-relationship between the Heaven and human beings,so his poems always showed tension and loss.Liu Zongyuan was interested in the alienation between the heaven and human beings,so his poems were more rational and placid than Han Yu’s.However,Liu Yuxi’s discourse on the Heaven paid attention to the positive influence of the Heaven on human beings,and most of his poems were filled with reason.The changes in the relationship between the Heaven and human beings lead to the broadened themes,innovated vocabulary,diversified styles,and varied fresh imageries.Likewise,the relationship between the Heaven and human beings established in the Song Dynasty led accordingly to a new type of literature different from the Tang literature.

Series of Interpretation on Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic: Two Correspondence between Human and the Heaven: Views from Huang Di Nei Jing (《黄帝内经》 Yellow Emperor’s Inner Classic)

This paper introduces the relations between human and the nature in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).TCM is a science dedicated to studies on laws of human life activities.

Philosophical Implications of “A Community of Shared Future for Humanity”

A new concept contributing to global governance in the era of globalization,“A Community of Shared Future for Humanity(CSFH)”boasts rich philosophical implications and values connotations despite insufficient research toward it in academia.This study seeks to analyze the philosophical significance of CSFH and concludes that it is a new practice of Marxist“Anthropological Philosophy”,a reserved development of“One Unified World under the Heaven”and“Supreme Harmony Consummated by Coordination of Varied Interests”in traditional Chinese philosophy and a dimensional transcendence over the western“self-reliant”national state system.

On “Qi” in Kungfu Panda 3 from the Perspective of Chinese Philosophy

Kungfu Panda produced by America is quite famous in China and many researchers have studied on it from different aspects. In fact, "Qi" is one of the key factor of Chinese philosophy which determine the success of Panda. However, the present researches about kungfu hardly pay enough attention on how "Qi" works.Therefore, the paper, by introducing and discussing the concept of "Qi",discusses the role of reflective ways for "Qi" to show special China kungfu.This paper provides opportunity for foreigners to learn China ancient culture about "Taoism". The purpose of thepaper explains the role and significance of "Qi".

基于Unity 3D的数控铣床装调检测虚拟仿真平台设计

利用Unity 3D技术开发数控铣床装调检测虚拟仿真平台,为高校大型设备人机交互操作和数据可视化实验实训教学改革提供了新思路,对提升办学水平和推进学科专业建设具有重要的促进作用。

China’s Path Towards National Unity and Common Prosperity

Among the feudal dynasties in Chinese history,some exerted far-reaching influence in the world such as the Tang Dynasty(618-907).They took cultural refinements recognized by various ethnic groups as the ideological basis for the sound operation of society,forming a Chinese civilization featuring the unity of humanity and nature,the dialectical nature of yin and yang,etiquette and morality,unity and solidarity,inclusiveness and openness,democracy and rule of law.

On the Marxist Ecological View and the Modern Ecological Awareness

Faced with the serious environmental crisis,the Seventeenth Congress of the CPC put forward the scientific concept of "ecological civilization",and the Eighteenth Congress of the CPC attached great importance to the construction of ecological civilization,the strategic position of which was equaled to that of the economic construction,political development,cultural development,social construction. In order to deal with the more and more serious environmental problems,enhance the harmony and unity between human beings and nature and create ideal environmental conditions for various courses and tasks,the entire allocation of the Socialism with Chinese characteristics has been changed from "four in one"to "five in one",in which the ecological civilization becomes a new component. Consequently,it is worthwhile to intensively study and grasp the Marxist ecological view and form the self-awareness of environmental protection to carry forward the ecological civilization construction of China.

探索中国体育强国建设的理论起点——立足马克思主义哲学关于对人的本质认识方向

构建中国体育强国建设理论体系的首要问题是找出合理的理论起点。要完成这个任务,必须坚持马克思主义哲学关于对人的本质认识方向,通过借鉴资本主义商业体育的理论起点,到分析社会主义体育探索“人的全面发展”的理论起点,最后以马克思主义中国化最新理论成果,即习近平总书记关于体育的重要论述为指引。一方面,资本主义体育发展建设以资本主义的“剩余价值”为理论阐释点,它同样蕴含着“人的发展”的各种规定,由此引发了在一定制度下面向“人的发展”的体育发展成果的探析;另一方面,习近平总书记关于体育的重要论述则确定了“人的价值”的理论主线。借鉴马克思主义体育思想,重视与教育匹配的社会关系,准确把握习近平总书记关于实现体育的“人的价值”的初心维度的重要论述,可以得到结论,“遵循社会发展与人的发展的统一性”是中国体育强国建设的理论起点。

论教育数字化发展代价的对立统一性

事物的积极发展与所付代价具有必然联系。运用正确观点充分认识发展的代价,才能合理应对代价,从而让代价处于可接受范围之内,并促使代价作用最大限度地向积极方面转化。通过消除人为性代价、降低必然性代价能够有效减少事物发展造成的损失和牺牲,为事物发展寻觅低代价而高质量的发展路径。教育数字化的积极发展和所付代价之间呈现出不可分离的对立统一关系,体现为两者之间既相互对立,又互相联系、相互转化的关系,充分把握这种关系就是坚持唯物辩证法的观点全面认识教育数字化发展,确立辩证唯物主义代价观。因此,需要从代价的视角分析教育数字化的内涵与表现,通过解析教育数字化发展所付代价及其根源,力求为我国教育数字化探索更具合理性和现实性的前进方略,即涵养教育数字化代价意识、掌握教育数字化代价转化的方法论、做出以人为本的教育数字化代价选择,进而使得教育数字化少走弯路。

先秦时期天人思想之嬗变

先秦天人思想的发展经历了从原始时期的多神崇拜到殷商的“至上神”信仰,再到周人对“天帝”的怀疑和对天人思想内涵的丰富的漫长过程。这一过程反映了“人”自我意识的觉醒与主观能动性的不断增强。大致说来,周以前的“天人关系”是披着宗教神学外衣的“天人合一”。这一时期,“人”完全受制于“天”。西周时期,“人”对“天”产生怀疑,使得“天”的神性色彩和绝对权威不断削弱,“人”的主体地位进一步凸显。到春秋战国时期,天人思想的内涵进一步丰富,“天道自然”“义理之天”“制天命而用之”“自然无为”等,都是对前代天人思想的继承、创新与丰富,同时也为秦汉以来的天人思想提供了直接或间接的理论来源。

秦汉畤祭遗址出土玉人功用研究

目前发现秦汉畤祭遗址的祭祀坑内,多是男女玉人一对与玉琮组合,应是畤祭礼仪最主要的祭祀形式。文章认为玉琮象征天圆地方,是祭天礼地的祭器。周秦汉时期奉行“以天为父,以地为母”之信仰,男女玉人与琮组合用于祭祀,正符合天为阳,地为阴,以天为父,以地为母的认知。并由此推断,男女玉人应分别是受祭的天神和地神之神主,用驷马车载之前往雍地进行畤祭之礼。西汉畤祭仍然继续沿用秦故礼仪,此正是由春秋至西汉数百年间,畤祭所用男女玉人造型及功用基本相同的缘由所在。

天人合一:中国管理学派的理论基础

“天人合一”作为中国哲学的奠基思想,上溯千年农耕经济基础、下延当代中国价值逻辑,是中国管理学派构建学术体系、学科体系与话语体系的理论基础。本文以人格介入性为边界,用“自然之天”与“类人之天”两大概念划分“天人合一”思想的管理学表征:“自然之天”代表农耕经济与乡土社会下的有机系统观,象征“心物一元”的管理哲学本体论,从而在对客观规律的研究上重视观测体悟;“类人之天”则代表向上与向下两种管理模式,既需要工具理性的自我定位,又需要价值理性的同理交互,呈现出找平衡、求渐变、谋共生的行为特点,为中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的管理理论体系构建找到理论支点,推动“天人合一”思想的守正创新。

“天命之性”的现代解读——兼及戴震对朱子的辩驳

天命之性是程朱理学核心概念之一。意思是,人的存在即性,与生俱来。性有二重,一曰气质之性,一曰天命之性,天命之性即理。按现代观念,人的社会存在是其一切社会关系之总和。每个人一出生即落入某些社会关系之中。说社会存在与生俱来,或许成立。但是,朱子所说的天命之性,指的是天理(仁义礼智),落在人身,实为文化存在。此学说的涵义是:人生来就是高贵的,具备尊严。这为现代人人平等的观念奠定了基础。但仁义礼智是否与生俱来,却是个要研讨的问题。本文的解决思路是:将“天命之性”之“天”解读为意义世界,即属于第三世界;而将“天命”解读为来源于意义世界,因其并非与生俱来,而是在成长过程中得其教化。于是,工夫论要作调整,由朱子的复性论改变为充实完满论。自我,即本己存在。自我建构不仅有文化存在维度,还有社会存在维度。社会存在维度可以设计;文化存在维度目的唯一,即朱子所论。戴震深刻剖析了朱子的天命之性,恢复天命之性乃是气禀(血气心知)的古代学说,否定性即理,解构理义、气质二本,破性本善,开启了现代解读之路。

论“人与自然是生命共同体”理论创新的三个维度

“人与自然是生命共同体”是习近平生态文明思想的重要理念,它强调整个地球生态系统各要素之间、人与自然之间以及人与人之间是共生共存的关系,为当代建设人与自然和谐共生的现代化提供了重要的观念前提和哲学基础。从人类生态文明思想发展的视野来看,“人与自然是生命共同体”在总结历史又立足当下的基础上实现了重大的理论创新,这一理论创新主要包括3个维度:一是继承和发展了马克思主义生态观中人与自然物质变换关系的思想;二是在传承与弘扬中华优秀传统文化中天人合一思想的整体性原则基础上,对其进行了创造性转化和创新性发展;三是在对西方生态理论的反思与批判中,实现了对“人”与“自然”二者非此即彼的对立思维的理论超越。

论儒家教化思想的人性论根基

儒家教化思想的框架可概括为“本性立教”,即强调将教化理论建立在人性的基础上,施教者根据人人固有的天命之性,确立与开展教化工作。人性在儒家教化思想中,至少有三个层面的意义:其一,人性蕴含着来自天命的人生目的,即为了成就孝悌美德;其二,人性在经验层面的形态会随着教化的推进,日渐彰显与实现;其三,人性在任何时刻都具有一个朝向至善目的的趋势,因而教化的实质是因性利导。由于儒家并不是将父子之道建立在私情或血缘的基础上,而是视为具有超越与普遍意义的人性,所以儒家教化能够以父子之道作为基础,将孝德推向他人乃至天下万物。其原理是父子之道与天人之道相结合,一切伦理关系都需要置于天人关系的视野下才能得到理解。总之,人性是教化的根基,教化是人性的实现,二者之间相互成就。

脚丈乡土--西安建筑科技大学西北乡土建筑研究概述

西安建筑科技大学西北乡土建筑研究团队始终扎根西部、深耕乡土,致力于西部人居环境改善与地域建筑文化的传承。本研究系统梳理了研究团队在黄土高原、河西走廊、西海固、河湟、三江源、藏彝走廊等不同研究片区,以问题意识为导向的核心学术思想和建立在身体力行基础上的研究成果,以期能为区域学科理论建构查漏补缺,为相关研究提供参考与借鉴。

中华文明的“结合”叙事:从“天人合一”到“两个结合”

中华文明各个历史阶段的重要思想和观念都是通过“结合”的话语方式表现出来,所以中华文化被称为“合和”文化,这种思想的打开方式和行动路线就是“结合”叙事。“结合”叙事是中华文明特有的叙事方式,它体现了中华文明追求多元一体、中和中庸、理性平和的本质和特征。中华文明史上三个标志性概念——天人合一、知行合一、“两个结合”生动体现了“结合”叙事的历史形式与历史功能,同时,它们也展现了中华文明核心观念的演变以及社会文化的变迁。

从冲突走向融合:人与自然关系演变的四种形态

人与自然的关系问题,不仅是人类社会永续发展的重大现实问题,而且是中外哲学尤其是马克思主义哲学、中国化时代化的马克思主义以及中国古典哲学共同关注的重大理论命题。通过上述理论视域对人类社会漫长发展历史进行审视观照,人与自然之间关系由冲突对抗逐步走向协调和解共经历了四个发展阶段,出现了四种对应的形态,即远古时期听命于自然的“自然中心主义”,农业时期依存于自然的“天地与我并生”,工业化时期征服自然的“人类中心主义”,以及信息化时期尊重自然的“生命共同体”。