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A New Interpretation of the Higgs Vacuum Potential Energy Based on a Planckion Composite Model for the Higgs
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作者 Christopher Pilot 《Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology》 2023年第3期666-683,共18页
We present a new interpretation of the Higgs field as a composite particle made up of a positive, with, a negative mass Planck particle. According to the Winterberg hypothesis, space, i.e., the vacuum, consists of bot... We present a new interpretation of the Higgs field as a composite particle made up of a positive, with, a negative mass Planck particle. According to the Winterberg hypothesis, space, i.e., the vacuum, consists of both positive and negative physical massive particles, which he called planckions, interacting through strong superfluid forces. In our composite model for the Higgs boson, there is an intrinsic length scale associated with the vacuum, different from the one introduced by Winterberg, where, when the vacuum is in a perfectly balanced state, the number density of positive Planck particles equals the number density of negative Planck particles. Due to the mass compensating effect, the vacuum thus appears massless, chargeless, without pressure, energy density, or entropy. However, a situation can arise where there is an effective mass density imbalance due to the two species of Planck particle not matching in terms of populations, within their respective excited energy states. This does not require the physical addition or removal of either positive or negative Planck particles, within a given region of space, as originally thought. Ordinary matter, dark matter, and dark energy can thus be given a new interpretation as residual vacuum energies within the context of a greater vacuum, where the populations of the positive and negative energy states exactly balance. In the present epoch, it is estimated that the dark energy number density imbalance amounts to, , per cubic meter, when cosmic distance scales in excess of, 100 Mpc, are considered. Compared to a strictly balanced vacuum, where we estimate that the positive, and the negative Planck number density, is of the order, 7.85E54 particles per cubic meter, the above is a very small perturbation. This slight imbalance, we argue, would dramatically alleviate, if not altogether eliminate, the long standing cosmological constant problem. 展开更多
关键词 Winterberg Model Planck Particles Positive and Negative Mass Planck Particles Planckions Quantum vacuum Space as a Superfluid/Supersolid Extended Models for Space Cosmological Constant Higgs Field as a Composite Particle Higgs Boson Inherent Length Scale for the vacuum Dark Energy
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On the Cosmic Evolution of the Quantum Vacuum Using Two Variable G Models and Winterberg’s Thesis
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作者 Christopher Pilot 《Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology》 2023年第4期1134-1160,共27页
We work within a Winterberg framework where space, i.e., the vacuum, consists of a two component superfluid/super-solid made up of a vast assembly (sea) of positive and negative mass Planck particles, called planckion... We work within a Winterberg framework where space, i.e., the vacuum, consists of a two component superfluid/super-solid made up of a vast assembly (sea) of positive and negative mass Planck particles, called planckions. These material particles interact indirectly, and have very strong restoring forces keeping them a finite distance apart from each other within their respective species. Because of their mass compensating effect, the vacuum appears massless, charge-less, without pressure, net energy density or entropy. In addition, we consider two varying G models, where G, is Newton’s constant, and G<sup>-1</sup>, increases with an increase in cosmological time. We argue that there are at least two competing models for the quantum vacuum within such a framework. The first follows a strict extension of Winterberg’s model. This leads to nonsensible results, if G increases, going back in cosmological time, as the length scale inherent in such a model will not scale properly. The second model introduces a different length scale, which does scale properly, but keeps the mass of the Planck particle as, ± the Planck mass. Moreover we establish a connection between ordinary matter, dark matter, and dark energy, where all three mass densities within the Friedman equation must be interpreted as residual vacuum energies, which only surface, once aggregate matter has formed, at relatively low CMB temperatures. The symmetry of the vacuum will be shown to be broken, because of the different scaling laws, beginning with the formation of elementary particles. Much like waves on an ocean where positive and negative planckion mass densities effectively cancel each other out and form a zero vacuum energy density/zero vacuum pressure surface, these positive mass densities are very small perturbations (anomalies) about the mean. This greatly alleviates, i.e., minimizes the cosmological constant problem, a long standing problem associated with the vacuum. 展开更多
关键词 Winterberg Model Planck Particles Positive and Negative Mass Planck Particles Planckions Quantum vacuum Space as a Superfluid/Supersolid Extended Models for Space Cosmological Constant Higgs Field as a Composite Particle Higgs Boson Inherent Length Scale for the vacuum Dark Energy Cosmological Scaling Behavior for the Quantum vacuum Variable G Models Extended Gravity Newton’s Constant as an Order Parameter High Energy Behavior for the vacuum
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Electrical Parameters of the Vacuum Vessel in HT-7U Tokamak 被引量:1
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作者 杜世俊 陶果 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2001年第2期703-708,共6页
A method is presented to express the electrical parameters of the vacuum vessel in this paper. According to the results of numerical computation and the distribution of the eddy currents, the mutual inductance can be ... A method is presented to express the electrical parameters of the vacuum vessel in this paper. According to the results of numerical computation and the distribution of the eddy currents, the mutual inductance can be given by calculating the flux produced by the toroidal eddy currents. The time constants of the vacuum vessel of HT-7U tokamak are derived from the decay characteristics of the eddy currents. 展开更多
关键词 Electrical Parameters of the vacuum Vessel in HT-7U Tokamak HT
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The "Post-IS" Era: Fight for the Vacuum
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作者 Gong Zheng 《Contemporary International Relations》 2017年第5期39-48,共10页
Since the beginning of 2017, the Islamic State or IS that had been rampant during the past three years in the Middle East has been in the retreat on the battle field in both Iraq and Syria, and seems to have to entere... Since the beginning of 2017, the Islamic State or IS that had been rampant during the past three years in the Middle East has been in the retreat on the battle field in both Iraq and Syria, and seems to have to entered into a dead end, with its territory rapidly shrinking, financial resources gradually tightening and troops declining, under the forceful annihilation launched jointly by various parties concerned. In Iraq, after fierce fighting for months, the Iraqi Prime Minister al-Abadi formally announced on July 9th that "Mosul has been liberated", with the IS losing the last stronghold in Iraq. In Syria, the SDF, the Kurdish armed force supported by the United States, has opened fire on the IS, besieging Raqqa, 展开更多
关键词 the "Post-IS" Era Fight for the vacuum
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Scaling Behavior for the Susceptibility of the Vacuum
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作者 Christopher Pilot 《International Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics》 2021年第1期11-36,共26页
Using the two-component superfluid model of Winterberg for space, two models for the susceptibility of the cosmic vacuum as a function of the cosmic scale parameter, a, are presented. We also consider the possibility ... Using the two-component superfluid model of Winterberg for space, two models for the susceptibility of the cosmic vacuum as a function of the cosmic scale parameter, a, are presented. We also consider the possibility that Newton’s constant can scale,<em> i.e.</em>, <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><em>G</em><sup>-1</sup>=<em>G</em><sup>-1</sup>(<em>a</em>)</span>, to form the most general scaling laws for polarization of the vacuum. The positive and negative values for the Planckion mass, which form the basis of the Winterberg model, are inextricably linked to the value of G, and as such, both G and Planck mass are intrinsic properties of the vacuum. Scaling laws for the non-local, smeared, cosmic susceptibility, <img src="Edit_bd58a08a-5d33-4e33-b5c0-62650c0b1918.bmp" alt="" />, the cosmic polarization, <img src="Edit_56bd1950-09ae-49fa-bd34-e4ff13b30c56.bmp" alt="" />, the cosmic macroscopic gravitational field, <img src="Edit_1e22ee4f-7755-4b29-8f8d-66f20f98aaa7.bmp" alt="" />, and the cosmic gravitational field mass density, <img src="Edit_aabb0cf4-080e-4452-ba73-8f3d50e95363.bmp" alt="" />, are worked out, with specific examples. At the end of recombination,<em> i.e.</em>, the era of last scattering, using the polarization to explain dark matter, and the gravitational field mass density to explain dark energy, we find that, <img src="Edit_b4b9804e-a8db-4c86-a1ad-1bc5f8ec72fa.bmp" alt="" />. While this is an unconventional assignment, differing from the ΛCDM model, we believe this is correct, as localized dark matter (LDM) contributions can be much higher in this epoch than cosmic smeared values for susceptibility. All density parameter assignments in Friedmanns’ equation are cosmic averages, valid for distance scales in excess of 100 Mpc in the current epoch. We also evaluate the transition from ordinary matter dominance, to dark matter dominance, for the cosmos as a whole. We obtain for the transition points, <em>z</em>=1.66, for susceptibility model I, and, <em style="white-space:normal;">z</em><span style="white-space:normal;">=2.53</span> , for susceptibility model II. 展开更多
关键词 Extended Model of Gravity Dark Matter Dark Energy Cosmic Evolution of Density Parameters Gravitational Susceptibility of the vacuum vacuum Energy Polarization of Space
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Study of Topological Structure of Vacuum by Lattice QCD
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作者 WANG Zi-Qing Lü Xiao-Fu WANG Fan 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2007年第3期535-538,共4页
Overlap fermions and improved 5Li cooling are compared, which exhibits that these two filter methods can produce similar structures. Then the overlap fermions and improved 5Li cooling are combined to calculate the top... Overlap fermions and improved 5Li cooling are compared, which exhibits that these two filter methods can produce similar structures. Then the overlap fermions and improved 5Li cooling are combined to calculate the topological charge and identify the structure of the vacuum. The results are consistent with instanton liquid model . 展开更多
关键词 overlap fermions improved 5Li cooling topological charge structure of the vacuum instanton liquid model
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Is the Higgs Field a Positive and Negative Mass Planckion Condensate, and Does the LHC Produce Extreme Dark Energy?
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作者 Christopher Pilot 《Journal of High Energy Physics, Gravitation and Cosmology》 2022年第2期432-456,共25页
Assuming a two-component, positive and negative mass, superfluid/supersolid for space (the Winterberg model), we model the Higgs field as a condensate made up of a positive and a negative mass, planckion pair. The con... Assuming a two-component, positive and negative mass, superfluid/supersolid for space (the Winterberg model), we model the Higgs field as a condensate made up of a positive and a negative mass, planckion pair. The connection is shown to be consistent (compatible) with the underlying field equations for each field, and the continuity equation is satisfied for both species of planckions, as well as for the Higgs field. An inherent length scale for space (the vacuum) emerges, which we estimate from previous work to be of the order of, l<sub>+</sub> (0) = l<sub>-</sub> (0) = 5.032E-19 meters, for an undisturbed (unperturbed) vacuum. Thus we assume a lattice structure for space, made up of overlapping positive and negative mass wave functions, ψ<sub>+</sub>, and, ψ<sub>-</sub>, which together bind to form the Higgs field, giving it its rest mass of 125.35 Gev/c<sup>2</sup> with a coherence length equal to its Compton wavelength. If the vacuum experiences an extreme disturbance, such as in a LHC pp collision, it is conjectured that severe dark energy results, on a localized level, with a partial disintegration of the Higgs force field in the surrounding space. The Higgs boson as a quantum excitation in this field results when the vacuum reestablishes itself, within 10<sup>-22</sup> seconds, with positive and negative planckion mass number densities equalizing in the disturbed region. Using our fundamental equation relating the Higgs field, φ, to the planckion ψ<sub>+</sub> and ψ<sub>-</sub> wave functions, we calculate the overall vacuum pressure (equal to vacuum energy density), as well as typical ψ<sub>+</sub> and ψ<sub>-</sub> displacements from equilibrium within the vacuum. 展开更多
关键词 Winterberg Model Quantum vacuum Higgs Condensate/Composite Model Two-Component Superfluid/Supersolid Model for the vacuum Positive/Negative Planckion Mass Q-theory Non-Linear Heisenberg Spinor theory LHC Energies Dark Energy Lattice Substructure for Space
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Rotating Squeezed Vacua as Time Machines
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作者 S. Al Saleh L. A. Al Asfar A. Mahroussah 《Journal of Modern Physics》 2016年第3期304-311,共8页
Squeezed quantum vacua seems to violate the averaged null energy conditions (ANEC’s), because they have a negative energy density. When treated as a perfect fluid, rapidly rotating Casimir plates will create vorticit... Squeezed quantum vacua seems to violate the averaged null energy conditions (ANEC’s), because they have a negative energy density. When treated as a perfect fluid, rapidly rotating Casimir plates will create vorticity in the vacuum bounded by them. The geometry resulting from an arbitrarily extended Casimir plates along their axis of rotation is similar to van Stockum spacetime. We observe closed timelike curves (CTC’s) forming in the exterior of the system resulting from frame dragging. The exterior geometry of this system is similar to Kerr geometry, but because of violation of ANEC, the Cauchy horizon lies outside the system unlike Kerr blackholes, giving more emphasis on whether spacetime is multiply connected at the microscopic level. 展开更多
关键词 Squeezed quantum vacua seems to violate the averaged null energy conditions (ANEC’s) because they have a negative energy density. When treated as a perfect fluid rapidly rotating Casimir plates will create vorticity in the vacuum bounded by them. the geometry resulting from an arbitrarily extended Casimir plates along their axis of rotation is similar to van Stockum spacetime. We observe closed timelike curves (CTC’s) forming in the exterior of the system resulting from frame dragging. the exterior geometry of this system is similar to Kerr geometry but because of violation of ANEC the Cauchy horizon lies outside the system unlike Kerr blackholes giving more emphasis on whether spacetime is multiply connected at the microscopic level.
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