民法典中的夫妻共同财产分割请求权研究

夫妻共同财产分割请求权源于夫妻财产共同共有,配偶或者原配偶任何一方单方意思不会导致财产共有关系变更或消灭。夫妻分割共同共有财产请求权宜归属于请求权而非形成权。只有符合法定或者约定条件时,配偶才有权请求分割。该请求权的行使,除例外情形,一般无关除斥期间。夫妻之间发生重大财产利益冲突时,保护个人财产权益和支持扶养义务人履行法定义务符合婚内分割的实质正当性。立法宜将夫妻一方负担巨额个人债务或者陷于破产等增设为婚内分割的法定事由。夫妻共同财产分割请求权的对内效力和对外效力有别,夫妻或原配偶双方均应遵守生效的共同财产分割结果,但该分割结果不约束不知情又不同意的第三人。

以离子液体密度为例的分子性质预测模型建模方法探讨

分子性质预测模型是针对特定应用需求筛选设计化学品的有力工具,然而诸多相关建模过程中的测试集划分、交叉验证、算法选择等关键环节普遍存在严谨性不足的问题,模型真实预测性能难以保证。以基团贡献法预测离子液体密度为例,探讨了分子性质预测模型建模过程中数据集划分和交叉验证的重要性,提出了自动基团划分方法并研究了数据集中基团涉及分子个数对预测精度的影响。通过对比五种回归算法(多重线性回归、岭回归、随机森林、支持向量机、神经网络),基于岭回归的基团贡献模型预测性能最佳,在由1078种离子液体、共计23034个数据点组成的数据集上得到的平均相对误差为1.88%。

Response of soil macrofauna to urban park reconstruction

This study is based on a park in an industrial city in Ukraine.In 2019,a 2.8 ha area of the park was reconstructed.The park’s reconstruction aimed to create a comfortable environment for visitors and to improve the efficiency of ecosystem services,and thereby enhance the quality of life of citizens.The reconstruction of the park was found to cause changes in the physical properties of soils and the structure of the soil macrofauna community.The increases of soil compaction in the layers at depth 5-20 cm and the soil electrical conductivity were a consequence of technological operations during reconstruction.The park reconstruction activities can also explain 29% of the variation in the soil macrofauna community.Extracting the variation induced by the park reconstruction from the community variation induced by other causes was a major challenge.The specific changes in the community of soil macrofauna following the reconstruction of the park were revealed.The abundance of soil animal species A.rosea,A.trapezoides,H.affinis,H.rufipes,B.affinis was found to increase after the reconstruction.The earthworm A.trapezoides decreased in abundance due to the park reconstruction.