The Forming Mechanisms of the Neoproterozoic Molartooth Carbonatites in North Anhui and Jiangsu Provinces

As a characteristic sedimentary type,molartooth carbonatites veins(MCV) can be found in almost all the Neoproterozoic carbonatite strata in the North Anhui and Jiangsu Provinces.But their forming mechanism is still an enigma,and more than four incompatible forming hypotheses have been put forward according to the structures,mineral components and elements of the MCV.Though all the MCV with the similar shape

Energy-saving Architectural Designs for Relocation Residential Districts in North Jiangsu Province of China

By investigating present relocation residential districts for peasants whose houses are removed for the unified planning of rural areas in north Jiangsu Province, as well as residents' feelings about the environment of residential district, main architectural structures and energy consumption conditions, the indoor thermal environment, use of main heating and cooling facilities, residents' satisfaction on the acoustical and luminous environment, major space-enclosing structures and calculation of energy-saving designs are analyzed, and suggestions are given for the architectural design of relocation residential districts in the study area. It is stressed that the relationship between energy conservation and architectural layout, orientation, lighting, ventilation, selection of enclosing-structure materials, facade, color and style should be properly handled in the planning, and the focus is to control building orientation and shape coefficient, on the basis of which energy-saving designs of windows, exterior walls and roofs can be done. Energy consumption of present residential buildings is calculated and analyzed to bring forth new ideas to the energy-saving designs for relocation residential districts in north Jiangsu Province, and establish an architectural energy-saving system suitable for climatic and natural conditions of north Jiangsu to instruct the energy-saving designs of relocation residential districts in the study area.

Distribution of ^137Cs and ^210Ppb in sediments of tidal flats in north Jiangsu Province

Seven cores were collected from different sediment zones of tidal flats at Xin- yanggang in north Jiangsu province in August 2007. Sediment grain-size distribution and radioisotopes of ^137Cs and ^210Ppb analysis were carried out for these cores. Sediment rates of the cores and radioisotopes distribution in surface sediment in different zones of the tidal flat were calculated from the ^137Cs and ^210Ppb activities in sediments cores. The results indicated that each tidal zone had experienced different evolution phases, hydrological dynamics in the tidal flats made the grain-size of the surface sediment change gradually. ^137Cs and ^210Ppb activities on the superficial layer of the cores varied spatially and the reason was discussed. On tidal flats, the fluctuation of ^137Cs and ^210Ppb activities in the cores reflected the special sedimentary characteristics. Vegetation affects the grain-size distribution and the vertical profiles of ^137Cs and ^210Ppb in the upper depths. ^137Cs and ^210Ppb chronology got the comparable average sediment rates on the tidal flat. The characteristics of ^137Cs and ^210Ppb in the cores reflected various depositional dynamical environments in different tidal zones and gave information on the different evolvement phases of the tidal zones. Based on the information of grain-size distribution, texture of the cores, sediment rates and topography, the evolution lines of the tidal flat were reconstructed.

Discovery and features of vertical zonations of tidal salt-marsh foraminifera in Jianchuan, North Jiangsu Province, China

Through densified surface sampling of foraminifera and accurate elevation measurement a-long three transect lines in open-coast tidal salt-marsh of Jianchuan, particular salt-marsh foraminifera assemblages were found. The salt-marsh foraminifera assemblages are distributed in well-defined vertical zonations with respect to elevation and closely parallel marsh floral zonations. At the top of the vertical zonation all foraminifera disappear abruptly which are accurately located at the highest high water datum. This distribution pattern can be used to relocate former sea levels accurately (to an accuracy of within ±5 cm). A modern regional criterion of foraminifera for relocating the former sea levels in high resolution in our country is provided, and deficiencies of studying the vertical zonation only in sheltered coast salt-marsh abroad are filled up.

Analyzing and quantitatively evaluating the organic matter source at different ecologic zones of tidal salt marsh, North Jiangsu Province, China

In order to explore the effect of different eco-logical zones and their above plants in the organic matter cycling of the whole tidal salt marsh,indicators such as total organic carbon(TOC),total nitrogen(TN),C/N ratio,δ13C and d15N of surface,core sediments,and plants of tidal salt marshes in North Jiangsu Province are analyzed.Subse-quently,distribution regularities of these measurement indi-cators are discussed,and the biogeochemistry processes between sediments and plants are also analyzed.Lastly,the organic matter sources of different ecologic zones in tidal salt marsh are evaluated,and the organic matter accumu-lations in different ecologic zones induced by their plants are also compared.These results indicate that TOC,TN,C/N ratio and δ13C showed obvious zonal distribution.The organic matter sources are dominated by marine input in the silt flat,artemisia schrenkiana flat,and the transition zone between silt and spartina alterniflora flat,and are controlled by terrigenous input in spartina alterniflora flat.Spartina alterniflora plays an important role in the accumulation of organic matter in the whole tidal salt marshes ecosystem.In the study area,the annually increased TOC,organic matter and TN in the spartina alterniflora,artemisia schrenkiana and reed flats reach 6,451,12,043 and 536 t,respectively.The amount of TOC,organic matter and TN accumulated in the spartina alterniflora flat is more than that in other ecological zones,which shows that the spartina alterniflora flat exert a non-replaceable effect on the material cycle and exchange in the whole tidal salt marshes ecosystem.

江苏省传统村落空间分布特征及影响因素研究

传统村落是中国历史文化价值的空间体现,从省域视角辨析传统村落的空间分布特征及影响因素,将有效支撑传统村落的保护和利用。文章以江苏省472个传统村落为研究对象,采用最邻近点指数、地理集中指数、不平衡指数等模型,分尺度、分批次识别其空间分布特征,构建“格网分析+地理加权回归”框架分析各影响因素的作用效果。结论如下:(1)不同尺度下,江苏省传统村落空间分布呈现差异化集散特征,区域、市域尺度下传统村落分布较为分散,区县尺度下呈现集中分布的趋势,主要分布在苏州吴江、无锡宜兴、扬州高邮和江都;(2)不同批次传统村落在苏南地区的空间分布密度远高于苏北地区;(3)生态、人口、经济、交通与城市因素对于传统村落空间分布作用方向、作用强度差异显著,对传统村落的保护和利用提出更高的发展要求。

传统村落空间分布特征及影响因素研究:以江苏省为例

为探究传统村落空间分布与自然和社会要素间的关联性,本文以江苏省502个传统村落为研究样本,利用最近邻指数、核密度估计、标准差椭圆对传统村落空间特征进行了分析,并运用地理探测器等方法对其影响因素进行了探讨。结果表明:1)江苏省传统村落在空间分布上呈现集聚分布状态;2)传统村落密度分布差异显著,总体呈“南密北疏”特征;3)传统村落分布随批次变化呈西南-东北方向收缩态势,在西北-东南方向呈一定的扩张趋势,空间分布由西南转向东北方向;4)人口密度、文物保护单位密度、人均GDP、平均坡度是影响传统村落分布的主导性因素,且任意影响因素交互作用强于单一因素独立作用。

江苏省传统村落空间分布格局及可达性研究

传统村落在城市快速发展、城乡加速统筹的背景下,正面临保护和传承的重要困境。为给传统村落保护开发工作提供科学、现实的指引,以江苏省传统村落为研究对象,借助ArcGIS空间分析工具,探究市域和区县2个尺度下传统村落的空间分布格局和可达性水平。结果表明江苏省传统村落的空间分布具有高度集中的特征;传统村落空间密度的冷热点区域在城市尺度下形成“南热北冷”的分布格局,而在区县尺度下则形成“小热大冷”的分布格局;传统村落可达性在城市尺度和区县尺度下,均大致呈“南高北低”的格局;传统村落可达性呈现显著的空间集聚特征。

传统村落保护发展实践探索——以江苏省宜兴市太华镇为例

传统村落作为农耕文明的重要产物,是传承历史文化的重要载体。江苏以省级传统村落作为重要抓手,探索适应本省实际的保护发展实践工作。文章基于江苏省传统村落保护发展的地方实践,以宜兴市太华镇为例,从村落分布、选址与格局以及物质资源和非物质资源三个方面阐释其境内分布的传统村落特征,并针对目前存在的“管报不管保”“单个村落保护弊端”以及“保护与发展矛盾”等问题提出相应建议,以期为传统村落保护发展工作提供借鉴。

Development Characteristics and Mechanism of Taobao Vil ages in Jiangsu Province Under E-Commerce Economy

With the e-commerce economy spreading to rural areas,Taobao villages in Jiangsu Province present a rapid development trend.This paper firstly summarizes the general development situation of Taobao villages in Jiangsu Province from the three aspects of quantity,product types,and spatial distribution.Then it analyzes the specific development characteristics of different product-based Taobao villages.Finally,from the four angles of industry bases,ecommerce platforms,e-commerce businessmen groups,and logistics support,it explores the driving mechanism of Taobao villages in Jiangsu Province and points out that more and more villages will be involved in the Internet revolution along with the further development of Internet and e-commerce.

江苏省南水北调多工程多目标联合优化调度方法

为统筹协调江苏省南水北调水资源调配系统内各方用水要求和矛盾,提升工程效率,降低系统耗电成本,提出了面向多工程多目标的联合优化调度方法,并基于该方法构建了联合调度优化模型,针对丰、平、枯3种典型年提出了联合优化调度方案。与江水北调工程与南水北调东线一期工程实际的独立运行调度模式对比结果表明,联合优化调度方案总耗电成本可分别降低31%、14%和29%,相较于独立运行调度模式,联合优化调度方案能更科学地进行水源及输水线路的选择和切换,更充分地利用沿线湖泊的调蓄能力,通过复杂闸泵系统的联合运行,实现不同类别水源的互济互调,更有效地提升系统效益。

苏北海涂围垦区土壤质量模糊综合评价

【目的】系统掌握苏北海涂围垦区的土壤质量现状及其空间分布特征,获取实现土壤培肥抑盐与质量提升的调控措施。【方法】采用模糊综合评价与GIS相结合的方法,对土壤质量进行模糊综合评价与分级,获取区域土壤质量综合评价分级图。【结果】研究区土壤质量状况总体较低,土壤有机质和氮素亏缺较为严重,尤其是碱解氮;除容重为弱变异强度外,其余各评价指标均呈中等变异强度;有机质是重要的土壤质量评价因子,土壤盐分和地下水矿化度是土壤质量的主要限制因子。研究区不同部位土壤质量状况具有明显差异性,其空间分布规律与有机质较为相似,与土壤盐分相反,总体上棉花种植区的土壤质量状况要优于水稻种植区;研究区土壤质量中等的区域面积最大,其次是低质量区,高质量区面积最小。【结论】土壤质量分级图可用于研究区中低产地改造、盐碱地综合治理和合理施肥,土壤质量较低区域应完善田间排灌设施,质量中等区域宜加强农业生物改良。

不同秸秆埋深对苏北滩涂盐渍土水盐动态变化的影响

揭示土壤水盐动态变化规律是消减盐渍障碍因子的前提。本文通过田间微区试验,研究了秸秆表层覆盖(M0)、秸秆深埋40 cm(M1)、70 cm(M2)及40 cm+100 cm双层(M3)等处理对土壤水盐分布及其动态变化的影响。结果表明:各处理土壤含水量随时间动态变化的规律基本相似,且在土壤剖面分布上,表现为秸秆表层覆盖和深埋处理均能有效增加土壤水分含量。玉米生育期内M0、M1、M2和M3处理土壤剖面平均含水量分别为275.9、280.3、293.9和302.5 g/kg,较对照处理分别增加了3.7、8.1、27.1和30.3 g/kg。从阻盐方面看,M0、M1和M3能有效抑制盐分表聚,积盐率分别较对照处理降低4.86%、8.76%和6.08%,M2处理土壤盐分含量较高,但其积盐率与对照处理相比也降低2.90%。双层秸秆埋深处理(M3)对土壤保墒和抑制盐分方面的作用最为显著,对提高该区土壤水分利用效率及土壤盐渍障碍消减具有积极效果。

苏北滨海滩涂区土壤重金属含量及其时空变异研究

以苏北沿海某滩涂区为研究区,采用经典统计与地统计相结合的方法总结出2009年和2014年表层土壤Pb、Cr、Cd、As四种元素的含量,分析了土地利用方式对重金属含量影响以及重金属空间分布与时空变异.结果表明：滩涂区土壤4种元素含量基本都低于土壤环境质量一级标准值;2009~2014年的5a间,研究区土壤Cd含量发生显著累积,居民区土壤Pb含量显著增加,工业园区土壤Pb、Cd亦显著累积,各土地利用方式下土壤Cr、As含量变化不显著;受大尺度的潮汐沉积作用与小尺度的人为活动共同控制,两个时期Pb、Cr含量分布具有空间相似性,而Cd、As含量空间分布差异较大;不同土地利用方式下研究区土壤重金属的累积具有变异性和明显的趋势效应,大气沉降是除了土地利用方式以外影响重金属时空变异格局的重要途径.该沿海滩涂区正面临土壤重金属不断累积的问题,应加强监控与源头减量,优化产业布局,推进过程阻断与生态修复.

氮肥用量对滨海滩涂区甘薯干物质积累、氮素效率和钾钠吸收的影响

我国沿海滩涂种植能源作物甘薯有广阔的前景。为确定苏北滩涂区甘薯适宜施氮量,比较了6个施氮水平下甘薯的成活率(SR)、商品率(CR)、蔓薯比(V/T)、干物质积累(DMA)、氮素累积值(NAV)、氮利用效率(NUE)、氮收获指数(NHI)及钾钠吸收的差异。结果表明:(1)施氮量与甘薯地上部分DMA和NAV均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,余同),对地下部分NAV影响较小(P>0.05)。(2)与不施氮比较,施氮60 kg(N)·hm-2对甘薯的V/T、SR、NUE和NHI均无显著影响。(3)甘薯的CR、地下部分和块根DMA以及理论产量(NAV×NUE×NHI)均以施氮60 kg(N)·hm-2显著高于其他处理。施氮量超过60 kg(N)·hm-2,施氮量与甘薯的V/T值呈极显著正相关,与SR、CR、NUE、NHI、地下部分和块根DMA均呈极显著负相关。(4)甘薯对钾钠的吸收量均随施氮量的增加而增加,二者呈极显著正相关。甘薯地上部分钾钠含量均在施氮量为60 kg(N)·hm-2时达到最高值。施氮量对钾钠含量比没有影响。因此,苏北滩涂区甘薯适宜施氮量为60 kg(N)·hm-2。

农地规模经营影响因素的实证研究——基于江苏省村庄调查数据

研究目的:分析影响村庄层面农地规模经营发展的因素。研究方法:文献分析,计量经济分析。研究结果:村庄经济发展对农地规模经营具有显著的推动作用;村庄整体非农就业水平提高促进了农地规模经营发展,但当地非农就业机会增加抑制了农地规模经营发展;村庄成立农村土地承包纠纷委员会可以保障农地规模经营的顺利推进,但行政推动土地股份合作社、农民专业合作社发展的政策并未取得预期效果;村领导来自大宗大族不利于农地规模经营的健康发展,村干部"年轻化"对农地规模经营发展具有促进作用。研究结论:农地规模经营的推行应该因地制宜,通过建立农村社会保障体系、引导农村劳动力非农转移、健全农村土地承包经营纠纷调解仲裁体系以及规范村干部在农地流转中的行为来稳步推进。

苏北潮滩湿地不同生态带有机质来源辨析与定量估算

对苏北潮滩湿地表层沉积物以及不同生态带柱状沉积物与植被中的TOC、TN、C/N、δ13C和δ15N的含量进行分析,并通过不同的指标进行相互验证,探讨各测量指标的分布规律,分析不同生态带植被和沉积物间的生物地球化学作用,定量估算不同生态带有机物的来源,对比不同生态带及其植被在苏北潮滩湿地有机质富集中的作用.结果表明:TOC、TN、C/N和δ13C都表现出了比较明显的地带性分布特征;光滩以及光滩和互花米草过渡带内的有机质来源以海源为主,互花米草滩以陆源为主,盐蒿滩也以海源为主,互花米草对生态系统内的有机质有着重要的贡献;研究区互花米草滩、盐蒿滩和芦苇地内,每年新增的TOC、有机质和TN分别达到了6 451t、16 595t和536t;互花米草滩对TOC、有机质和TN的富集量要远大于其它几个带,在整个潮滩湿地生态系统的物质循环和交换中也发挥着不可替代的作用.

基于典范对应分析的苏北滩涂土壤春季盐渍化特征研究

运用常规统计学和典范对应分析方法,对苏北滩涂土壤全盐量(TS)、盐分离子组成、碱化度(ESP)、pH的空间分布特征进行了分析。结果表明,该区土壤为轻度至中度盐化,不同层次土壤中,Na+与Cl-、K+与Mg2+始终保持较好的关联性。TS的空间分布,在0～120 cm全剖面上主要受控于Cl-、SO24-、Na+因子,分层与全剖面的情况有所不同,但Na+均为主要因子之一;ESP在全剖面上主要受CO32-和HCO3-因子制约,其中在0～10 cm和20～40 cm土层主要受CO32-因子制约,10～20 cm土层内主要受HCO3-因子制约,40～100 cm土层则主要受Na+因子制约;pH受盐分离子的影响较小,在全剖面上分布较为均匀。

苏北潮滩的近期变化分析

利用1999～2000年条子泥岸滩剖面实测数据和1982～1983年东沙沙滩剖面资料，分析了条子泥岸滩和东沙沙滩剖面的冲淤变化。结果表明，条子泥陆侧岸滩剖面的季节性变化特点是夏季侵蚀，冬季淤积；东沙沙脊年际变化特点为两侧边缘以侵蚀为主，而沙脊中央则以淤积为主。造成条子泥岸滩剖面季节性差异的主要原因是其周围海域中高浓度悬沙的秋、冬季落淤大于夏季所致。东沙沙脊东西两侧强烈的潮流和波浪作用使沙脊的两侧遭受较为明显的侵蚀。

生态风险分析用于苏北滩涂土壤盐渍化风险评估研究

针对制约苏北滩涂土壤资源开发利用的盐渍障碍因素,将生态风险理论引进该区域农田生态系统的盐渍化风险评价中,探讨了生态风险分析的方法与过程,建立了土壤盐渍化风险评价指标体系,构建了风险评价模型,并对区域土壤盐渍化风险状况进行了定量评估与分级。结果表明:研究区土壤盐渍化风险总体较高且不同部位风险差异较大,其综合风险值介于0.26～0.91之间,平均值达0.53;盐渍化风险分布表现出与土壤盐分、地下水矿化度较为相似的空间规律,受种植制度与耕作措施的影响,研究区东部水稻地盐渍化风险总体高于西部棉花地。研究区内风险较大的区域占总面积比例为63.54%,风险一般的占30.53%,风险很大的占5.01%,风险较小的仅占0.92%;其中较大风险和一般风险区分布面积最大,是土壤改良治理的重点区域。该结果可为滩涂区中、低产地改造、障碍土壤的科学管理提供参考依据。