Spatiotemporal Evolution and Influencing Factors of Urban-rural Construction Land in Rural Industrialized Areas in China:Case Studies in Changyuan City and Xinxiang County of Henan Province

Since China’s reform and opening up in 1978,the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization in China had led to dramatic changes in the pattern of urban-rural land use.In this paper,we focused on the rural industrialized areas in central China(Xinxiang County and Changyuan City of Henan Province).We used the average nearest neighbor index,spatial statistical analysis,and a structural equation model to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of urban-rural construction land based on multisource spatial data and survey data.The results showed that:1)from 1975 to 2019,the spatial distribution of urban-rural construction land in rural industrialized areas had evolved from homogeneous distribution to local agglomeration.In terms of comparative analysis of cases,the spatial distribution of urban-rural construction land in Changyuan City had shown a trend from diffusion to agglomeration,and Xinxiang County had overall shown a spatial change from homogenization to agglomeration and then to regional integration development.2)The hot spots with increased urban-rural construction land significantly expanded,and they had a high degree of spatial overlap with industrial development.Among them,Xinxiang County was concentrated in central and marginal areas,and Changyuan was mainly concentrated in central urban areas.3)From the evolution of spatial proximity of urban-rural construction land,rural industrialized areas generally decline,showing the characteristics of internal differentiation in the rate of change.4)Industrial development,social economy,the policy environment,and urban development played a positive role in promoting the expansion of urban-rural construction land in rural industrialized areas.To promote the optimal use of regional land and the integrated development of urban-rural areas,we should combine the advantages of regional endowment,formulate development strategies according to local conditions,and adjust the way that land is used in a timely manner.

Petrology and Geochronology of Monzonite Porphyry Intruding in Xiong'er Volcanic Rocks in Xiaoshan Area, Western Henan Province

Xiong’er volcanic rocks cover an area of more than6×104 km2 along the southern margin of North China Craton.The Xiong’er group has been divided,from bottom to top,into the Dagushi,Xushan,Jidanping and

Countermeasures and Investigation of Land Circulation in Less Developed Agricultural Area of Henan Province,China

Some places in Henan Province are investigated by using sample surveys and interviews. Result shows that land circulation in less developed agricultural area of Henan Province has the characteristics of small scale,single form,short period,and circulation land in economic core region. Problems in land circulation are as follows:slow transfer of rural surplus labor force,hard implementation of fundamental land circulation,complicated mentality towards rural land circulation,many misgivings about land circulation,the unformed social service system of land circulation,and imperfect agricultural risk prevention mechanism for circulated land use. Based on the characteristics of land circulation,suggestions for promoting the land circulation of less developed agricultural areas are put forward in order to solve the problems in land circulation and to lay the foundation for effective implementation of land circulation,such as speeding up the development of urbanization,developing the circulation of collective land,effectively implementing the laws and regulations of rural collective land circulation,transferring land according to law,establishing market mechanism of agricultural land circulation,promoting the agricultural industrialization,establishing market mechanism of agricultural land circulation,promoting the agricultural industrialization,energetically readjusting rural industrial structure,and developing economy with local characteristics.

RURAL INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA'S LESS DEVELOPED AREAS: A CASE STUDY OF HENAN PROVINCE

Since the early 1980s, China's rural industry has gained rapid growth. However. the development of China's rural industry, like the development of the national economy as a whole, is characterized by great regional imbalance. From the economically developed coastal areas to. The hinterland and western frontier areas, the level of rural industrialization ebbs progressively. How to narrow down this imbalance and to speed up the development of rural industry in the less developed areas is one of the most important tasks in China's economic reform and development. The paper adopts an approach of combining statistical data analysis with typical case study to this research with special reference to Henan Province.

Child Mortality Patterns in Rural Areas of Anhui and Henan Provinces in China, 1990

County-based IMR and U5MR in Anhui and Henan provinces in China were estimated and analyzed by using the 1990 Census Data. Census was conducted on July 1,1990, the number of deaths only occurred in the first half year of 1990 was collected. In order to obtain the total population and total number of deaths in the same year, the total number of deaths in each eqersex group for the whole 1990 was then estimated by taking the death number in the first half of 1990 as the base and multiplying a coefficient, which varied in different age-sex-region groups. Two major adjustments for some possible underreporting cases in female birth and infant death were made. If the sex ratio at age 0 in some counties was beyond 1. 2, then it was taken as 1. 15 for rural counties and 1.10 for urban cities, which were the estimates of sex ratios for the children at ape 5 in the national 1% Population Sampling Survey in 1995. The adjustment for IMR were made by comparing the segment of the county lift table from age 15 through 59 with that from the same age groups in the international and Chinese Model Life Tables. The IMR in the county life table would be substituted by the one in the closest Model Life Talbe, if it was less than in the latter.The findings of the analysis may be summarized as fol1ows: (i) Total county-based IMR and U5MR were 33. 4 Per 1000 and 41. 4 per 1000 respectively, with great variations between urban cities (25. 4 per 1000 for IMR and 31. 4 per 1 000 for U5MR) and rural counties (35. 1 Per 1000 for IMR and 43. 6 per 1000 for U5MR). There were also sighficant differences in child mortality between nationally identified Poor counties and other counties in rural areas. In the opr counties the total IMR was 40. 7 per 1 000 living births in average while in non-opr counties it was only 33. 2 per 1000 in average (P < 0.05). The U5MR in opr counties was 25 percent higher than in non-opr counties (51. 5 vs 40. 9 Per 1 000 living births).(ii) Statistically significant correlation between child mortality and socio-economic variables was revealed from the data set, among which gross social economic products per capita was found to have the strongest relationship with child mortality. The neqative correlation was found between child mortality and a set of socalled' rich' variables including the gross social products, gr-oss agricultural products, gna industrial products and the proportions of high-educated population at county level, whereas the poSitive correlation was found between child mortality and a set of'poor' variables, such as proportions Of residents with lower 1evel of education and illiteracy rate.(iii) thfferences in child mortality between these two provinces were found, which were identical to the trends of differences in socio-economic indicators between them.tower child mortality proved to be associated with better socio-economic conditions(higher per capita products, higher proPortions of residents with higher level of education, lower proportion of less educated people and illiteracy) in province Henan.

河南省嵩县九仗沟-东湾金矿区深部地球物理特征与找矿预测

深部金属矿探测是目前资源勘查的重要课题和方向,地球物理方法探测深度大、分辨率高,是深部金属矿探测最有效的手段之一。河南省嵩县九仗沟—东湾矿区处于熊耳山—外方山矿集区内的蛮峪—店房金矿带之北段,目前九仗沟—东湾矿区已发现的金矿床主要为500 m以浅深度,深部(500~2000 m)找矿勘查工作基本为空白。为了查明九仗沟—东湾矿区深、边部成矿潜力,实现接替资源找矿突破,在九仗沟—东湾矿区主矿段南北两端延伸方向上,布设EH-4双源大地电磁测深和大功率激电测深剖面。以九仗沟—东湾金矿床为背景,在分析地质背景、岩石物理性质基础上,综合区域重磁资料、物探剖面反演结果,分析各物探方法异常特征,厘清了研究区内与金矿有关的F1构造破碎蚀变带深部空间分布特征等信息,揭示了研究区内深部F1构造带附近的中低电阻、高极化区为找矿有利部位,根据此特征在500~2000 m深度范围内确定了4个深部预测找矿靶区,为下一步找矿勘查提供了相关依据。研究方法和成果为区域上开展同类型金矿床的深部找矿工作提供了思路和方向,具有重要的指导和实践意义。

河南矿区高灰细泥煤泥水的絮凝沉降试验研究

目的随着采煤机械化程度的提高和重介质选煤工艺普及,入选浮煤泥中高灰细泥的含量逐渐增加。高灰细泥是影响煤泥水沉降效率的最直接因素,对煤泥水中的高灰细泥进行处理,直接关系着煤炭资源生产和水资源利用。针对河南矿区煤泥水具有高灰细泥的特性,方法通过设计正交试验测试不同种类的絮凝剂和搅拌速度对煤泥水的沉降率的影响及其之间的相互作用的效果,提高煤泥水沉降效率。结果结果表明:六偏磷酸钠与聚丙烯酰胺的分散性能及絮凝性能更优,搅拌速度、六偏磷酸钠用量、聚丙烯酰胺用量对高灰细泥煤泥水沉降率的影响程度依次减小,搅拌速度和聚丙烯酰胺用量之间的相互关系对沉降率影响最为显著;当六偏磷酸钠用量40.08 mg/L、聚丙烯酰胺用量5.75 mg/L、搅拌速度411.12 r/min,沉降率可达95.5%,沉降率提高的原因在于高灰细泥絮凝过程中絮团成球明显,絮凝剂的桥接作用可以使分散颗粒聚团并发展为球形,长条不规则颗粒明显减少,颗粒群粒形的改变有助于煤泥水的沉降,在一定搅拌速度下粒形保持较为规整,可增加沉降概率,使煤泥水得以有效沉降。结论通过改善煤泥水中颗粒的粒度粒形特性,可以有效提高河南矿区高灰细泥煤泥水的沉降效率。研究结果可为处理高灰细泥煤泥水提供理论支持和实践参考。

Topographical relief characteristics and its impact on population and economy:A case study of the mountainous area in western Henan,China

Topographical relief is a key factor that limits population distribution and economic development in mountainous areas.The limitation is especially apparent in the mountain?plain t「ansition zone.Taking the transition zone between the Qinling Mountains and the North China Plain(i.e.the mountainous area in western Henan Province)as an example and based on the 200-m resolution DEM data,we used the mean change-point analysis to determine the optimal statistical unit for topographical relief,and thereafter extracted the relief degree.Taking the 1:100,000 land use data,township population and county-level industrial data,population and economic spatial models were constructed,and 200?m resolution grid population and economic density maps were gen erated.Afterwards,statistical analysis was carried out to quantitatively reveal the impact of topographical relief on population and economy.In addition,the impacts of other topographical factors were discussed.The results showed the following.(1)The relief degree in western Henan is generally low,where 58.6%of the regional topography does not exceed half the height of a reference mountain(relative elevation W250 m).Spatially,the relief degree is high in the west while low in the east,and high in the middle while low in the north and south.There is a positive correlation between relief degree and elevation,and a much stronger correlation between relief degree and slope.(2)The linear fitting degree between the population and economic validation data and the corresponding simulation data are 0.943 and 0.909,respectively,indicating that the spatialized results can reflect the actual population and economic distribution.(3)The impact of topographical relief on population and economy was stronger than that of other topographical factors.The relief degree showed a good logarithmic fit relati on ship with population density(0.911)and economic density(0.874).Specifically,88.65%of the population lives in areas where the topographical relief is W0.5 and 88.03%of the gross regional product was from areas where the relief is W0.3.Compared with the population distribution,the economic development showed an obvious agglomeration trend towards low relief areas.

鄂西宜昌地区寒武系水井沱组页岩储层地应力特征及成因

以四川盆地宜昌地区水井沱组页岩储层为对象,采用钻井实测、岩心测试分析及测井解释等技术,获取多井点现今地应力信息,研究地应力特征,探讨应力差异分布成因。结果表明:宜昌地区水井沱组现今最大水平主应力方向总体为NEE向,东、西部靠近边界断裂的区域呈多向性;现今地应力的离散性较强,平面上呈中部高、东西部低的主体分布特征,纵向上随深度增加而增大;埋藏深度是导致地应力纵向上分布差异的主要因素,三个主应力随埋深呈线性增加,主体区域的应力关系表现为水平最大主应力>垂向主应力>水平最小主应力,属于走滑断层应力状态;不同岩性层间的水平应力及方向变化,由灰岩、粉砂岩到页岩,应力总体上呈减小趋势;边界断裂的影响是地应力平面上分布差异的主要成因,造成地应力降低及最大水平主应力趋于平行断层走向的偏转,地应力降低与偏转幅度主要受断裂距离控制。该结果可为宜昌地区水井沱组页岩气藏后续勘探部署及压裂施工方案设计提供依据。

土壤含水量对探地雷达探测植物根系构型精度的影响

根系是评价植被生态服务功能的关键基础要素,但快速、精确、无损确定根系的测量技术和方法是目前生态系统评估中的瓶颈。探地雷达是一种高效无损的地球物理学技术,可以在无损状态下获取土壤中的根系信息。但是探地雷达检测和识别根系的精度受土壤含水量、根系含水量、根径大小、根系埋藏深度等诸多因素影响,导致其在野外根系探测中适用性受限,为了探究土壤含水量对探地雷达探测根系精度的影响,本研究采用野外预埋根系的控制实验,根据探地雷达波速、振幅和根点反射系数的变化,分析了不同土壤含水量条件下根点识别率及根点距离均方根误差。结果表明:(1)根系探测中,探地雷达波速和振幅是判断土壤含水量变化的重要参数;(2)随着土壤含水量的增大,探地雷达波速减小,雷达振幅趋于平缓;(3)不同土层深度上随着根系直径的增大,探地雷达波速增大,雷达振幅趋于激烈;(4)根点识别率与土壤含水量成负相关(P<0.05),土壤含水量为15%~25%时探地雷达对活根的识别效果最佳。本研究表明探地雷达可以作为植物根系生物量无损和快速测定、评估的方法,但在利用探地雷达测定土壤中根系时,应在土壤含水量相对较低的时间段进行。

河南省氮素农业面源污染风险评价与关键管控区识别

农业面源污染是我国水环境保护面临的重要问题,风险评价对于农业面源污染防治具有重要意义。本研究以河南省为研究区域,采用层次分析法的分级赋值方法,基于熵值法和专家打分确定各影响因子权重,构建河南省氮素农业面源污染风险多因子综合评价模型,计算河南省氮素农业面源污染风险指数并在流域尺度上进行验证,划分氮素农业面源污染的风险等级并识别关键管控区。结果表明:种植源、养殖源和生活源分别贡献河南省31.52%、38.47%和30.01%的氮素流失负荷,流失负荷呈现为西低,中、东部高的特点。河南省有39 429 km^(2)的区域存在中风险,约占河南省总面积的23.61%,有17 318 km^(2)的区域存在高风险,约占总面积的10.37%;划定距河流2 km以内的中、高风险区为一般管控区和重点管控区,面积分别为10 982 km^(2)和9 285 km^(2)。通过与同期水质自动监测数据进行相关分析,决定系数为0.82,表明模型模拟结果具有较高的精准度。综合结果表明,建立的多因子综合评价模型具有科学性和准确性,可用于氮素农业面源污染风险的识别。

河南省可持续发展实验区发展水平评价及推进策略

可持续发展实验区在区域协调发展中发挥着重要的示范引领作用,文章突破聚焦于东部省市可持续发展实验区研究成果,针对河南省可持续发展实验区现状分别从经济、社会、资源和环境四个方面,共分4组24个评价指标构建发展水平评价指标体系,并以2015—2019年河南省内13个国家级、20个省级可持续发展实验区为研究对象,结合河南省地域发展特征对其可持续发展水平进行综合分析与评价.结果表明:(1)整体来看,河南省可持续发展实验区可持续发展水平有所降低,科技创新能力有待提高;(2)从层级上来看,国家级可持续发展实验区发展较为平稳,省级可持续发展实验区在空间上呈现动态集聚;(3)从发展类型来看,城镇型实验区可持续发展水平随着城市化进程加快正逐渐降低;粮食主产区内实验区经济发展对于其可持续发展水平具有正向促进作用.因此,对河南省可持续发展实验区进行分级管控、分类施策,同时,强化技术创新提高整体河南省可持续发展水平,能够更充分发挥河南省可持续发展实验区引领带动区域可持续发展的作用.

基于TEM的金属矿采空区快速探测技术——以河南西部某铝土矿为例

我国矿产资源丰富,经过长期的资源能源开发,形成了许许多多的地下开采矿山。随着矿产资源的不断开采,地下开采矿山形成的采空区也逐渐增加,并且已经慢慢地产生了采空区失稳、突水等安全隐患,给矿山和周边生态环境带来了严重的破坏。为了减轻和预防由地下采空区所引发的地质灾害,最大限度地保护人民生命和财产安全,矿山采空区的调查及探测极为重要。本文介绍了利用磁性源瞬变电磁法(Time Domain Electromagnetic Methods,TEM)大定源装置,在河南西部某铝土矿区开展采空区探测的野外施工具体流程及参数选择要点,并通过该方法快速圈定了采空区积水区域,取得了良好的效果。该矿区采空区主要积水区位于矿区东部,积水面积约510000 m 2,而矿区西部及南部区域无积水。结论认为,该方法野外试验流程正确,磁性源瞬变电磁法对金属矿采空区探测有效。该方法在采空区探测领域的应用,为矿山在今后的地下开采过程中有效避免安全事故提供了技术支撑。

不同土地利用类型对豫西黄土丘陵区坡面产流产沙的影响

[目的]分析豫西黄土丘陵区不同土地利用类型及不同坡度条件下土壤侵蚀产流产沙规律,为土壤侵蚀定量评价、水土流失综合防治提供科学依据。[方法]基于河南省嵩县胡沟小流域水土保持监测点2011—2020年12个坡面径流小区观测数据,揭示了不同土地利用类型下产流产沙规律,采用相关分析研究了降雨特征、坡度、土地利用与产流产沙的关系。[结果](1)与裸地小区相比,草地小区的减流减沙效益最大。草地的多年平均减流效益变化为78.6%~85.9%,减沙效益最高可达100%。林地的减流效益为32.9%~51.3%,减沙效益为55.3%~78.9%。(2)各径流小区产流产沙次数、大小与坡度关系密切,10°与15°的产流产沙差别不大,25°的坡度上产流产沙明显增加。此外,随着坡度的增加,林草地的水土保持效益也在降低。(3)径流小区径流深与最大30 min雨强(I_(30))、土壤流失量与降雨侵蚀力相关性最为显著。[结论]在豫西黄土丘陵区缺少径流泥沙定位观测的区域,一定的坡度和植被状况下,可用降雨过程资料来估测坡面径流量和土壤流失量。

河南省栾川—嵩县地区萤石矿床稀土元素地球化学特征及成因

本文总结了河南省栾川—嵩县地区萤石矿床的地质特征,并研究矿床的萤石稀土元素特征,以探讨矿床的成矿物质来源、成矿流体演化以及矿床成因。结果显示,栾川—嵩县地区萤石矿床的萤石样品ΣREE含量范围7.17×10^(–6)~178.02×10^(–6),平均值67.85×10^(–6),LREE/HREE值范围0.30~4.31,平均值1.80,δEu范围0.21~1.04,平均值0.64, δCe范围0.11~0.93,平均值0.76。萤石矿床的萤石稀土元素配分曲线形态整体上具有平坦型特点,萤石呈中等Eu和Ce负异常。通过对比萤石矿床的萤石、地层岩石和中生代花岗岩的稀土元素特征及分析各地质体主要成矿元素Ca和F的丰度,认为研究区大规模萤石成矿的物质主要来源于太华群、熊耳群地层,其次是中生代花岗岩体或岩浆期后热液;大气降水的参与以及成矿流体的运移是成矿流体由还原环境向氧化环境逐渐过渡的主要因素。萤石稀土元素La/Ho-Y/Ho关系图表明,萤石成矿在大尺度时间范围内具有同源性、小尺度时间范围内具有同源不同期性的特点。栾川—嵩县地区萤石矿床是由地层岩石、花岗岩体或者岩浆期后热液提供成矿物质、大气降水为成矿流体的主体、岩浆后期冷却提供成矿驱动热量、受断裂控制的热液型矿床。

基于Theil指数的河南省旅游区入境旅游经济发展差异研究

以2011—2015年河南省入境旅游外汇收入作为衡量指标,采用标准差、变异系数和泰尔指数等方法探讨河南省五大旅游区之间入境旅游经济的区域差异性以及空间集聚.研究表明:河南省入境旅游虽获得了较快发展,但地市间的绝对差异和相对差异都呈持续增大的态势;五大旅游区在地带间差异和地带内差异上也呈现着各自不同的特征,区域差异明显;此外河南省入境旅游向热点旅游地集聚的态势较为显著,五大旅游区分离系数减小,核心城市旅游区聚集态势显著,空间集聚增强,而且洛阳市、郑州市、焦作市、开封市等地成为入境旅游经济的增长极.五大旅游区入境旅游经济的差异性主要与当地旅游资源、交通区位和旅游设施有密切的关系.

豫西苹果园鼠害防治技术

豫西苹果园近年来鼠害发生较为严重,影响产业的高质量发展。该文主要介绍豫西苹果园常见害鼠的种类、危害情况、危害方式和综合防治方法,以期为果园的安全生产提供参考。

基于资源空间分布特征的河南省自然保护地热点分析

对自然保护地空间分布格局和特征的分析是构建新型自然保护地体系的基础工作。以河南省5种类型297处自然保护地为研究对象,采用ARGIS最邻近点指数和核密度指数反映自然保护地空间聚集情况,分析河南省自然保护地分布特征,研究自然保护地空间聚集情况。结果表明,河南省自然保护地聚集区呈现“人”字形分布格局,主要分布在豫西北太行山区、豫西伏牛山区、豫中黄河热点区和豫东南桐柏-大别山区。研究初步分析了河南省自然保护地的资源热点区域,并根据我国自然保护地建设形势,提出了河南省新型自然保护地体系建设建议。

乡村振兴背景下河南省实现共同富裕的路径研究

共同富裕是社会主义的本质要求,是中国式现代化的重要特征。乡村振兴不仅是实现农业强国的重要举措,也是实现共同富裕目标的必由之路。在乡村振兴背景下河南省实现共同富裕面临着城乡贫富差距显著、农业现代化发展水平低、基层人才资源匮乏等现实问题。为实现共同富裕目标,需要全面实施乡村振兴战略,精准定位、综合施策,要坚持巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果,推动构建新型农业产业体系,全面加强人才队伍建设,高质量推进乡村振兴带领广大农民走上共同富裕之路,谱写新时代乡村发展新篇章。

河南省农村基层党组织建设问题与对策研究

农村基层党组织作为解决农村发展问题、指导农村工作的基本单位,可为推动当地社会建设、提高经济水平提供动力,确保乡村治理与集体经济的协同发展。基于此,该文以河南省为例,从落实农村基层党组织建设工作的重要性入手,深入分析河南省农村基层党组织建设工作中存在的问题,并提出针对性解决措施,以期充分发挥农村基层党组织领导作用,响应乡村振兴战略发展要求,满足广大农民对于高质量生活的需要。