Research on the Value of Chinese Famous Mountainous Scenic Spots in the Perspective of Cultural Landscape

After summarizing relevant researches on famous mountainous scenic spots and the development of cultural landscapes in world cultural heritages, the paper has analyzed the value of famous mountainous scenic spots in China and considered that Chinese famous mountainous scenic spots are of rich natural science value and unique aesthetic value, have inherited traditional humane landscape aesthetic value, reflected the philosophical view of "the unity between heaven and human" and profound religious culture, and preserved rich cultural remains, corresponding with the definition and requirement of cultural landscape in world heritages.

Spatial Distribution and Inscribed Criteria of Cultural Landscape World Heritage Sites

As an important type of world heritage sites,cultural landscape has always been an important research subject.In order to explore the spatial distribution and evolution mode of cultural landscape all over the world,the paper systematically elaborated the historical context of cultural landscape.The distribution characteristics were analyzed by statistical methods,and the connotation and evolution law represented by cultural landscape in different regions were expounded.The word frequency of regional heritage criteria was analyzed,and the local characteristics of each case were discussed.The research shows that the spatial distribution of global cultural landscape is unbalanced,mainly concentrated in Europe,and the spatial distribution characteristics are closely related to geographical environment,social history,economic development level and many other factors.In terms of inscribed criteria for world heritage sites,most cultural landscapes are mainly based on cultural criteria,but also involve natural criteria.The recognition and protection of cultural landscapes that simultaneously meet multiple criteria will become the focus in the future.

Stone Culture Landscapes in Changyudongtian from the Perspective of World Heritage

Stone cultural landscape is a heritage type that is less involved in the world heritage list, which has unique value and cultural significance in the cultural landscape heritages. Changyudongtian, which demonstrates unique and harmonious stone culture landscapes characterized by its special geological structure, distinctive quarrying technology, long history of quarrying, harmonious rural folk cultures and interaction between man and nature with coexistence and prosperity, is based on the quarry remains with a history about 1,500 years, villages with lots of slate houses and local folk cultures. This article introduced landscape elements and features of Changyudongtian, and compared it with other similar world heritage sites, then with other famous domestic quarries, to explore the world heritage criteria that it may meet. And in addition to exploring its potentials to become world heritage, this article also put forward specific advices to better protect and utilize this heritage resource.

Cultural Diversity of Traditional Settlement Landscape Gene

As a crucial channel for understanding traditional settlements culture,traditional settlement landscape gene is of vital importance to figure out status quo of traditional Chinese culture,to protect cultural heritage of settlements,and to help residents establish cultural confidence.This paper adopts diversity index,schema analysis,and qualitative analysis methods to identify cultural diversity and construct diversity map of cultural landscape genes.It shows that cultural diversity of landscape genes refers to the various forms of cultural factors in architecture,environment,culture,and layout,including type diversity,combination diversity,and functional diversity.

That’s Entertainment! The Cultural Economy

The creative economy is one of the most dynamic sectors of world trade, or so declared UNCTAD’s (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) Edna dos

World Heritage Cultural Landscapes:An Old or a New Concept for China?

The term‘cultural landscape’has many different meanings for different people throughout the world.It has been widely circulated since the international recognition of cultural landscapes extended to World Heritage prominence in 1992 with three categories of cultural landscapes of outstanding universal value defined as the‘combined works of nature and of man’.However,the application of World Heritage Cultural Landscapes(WHCLs)encountered difficulties in China.This paper reviews the history of nature-related World Heritage conservation in the country,examines the cross-cultural confusion of World Heritage practice from Chinese traditional cultural perspective of culture and nature relationship to address to the international bewilderment about China’s two-decade absence from WHCLs.The paper also reviews the efforts taken by China to dispel the conceptual confusion,what has been inspired by and contributed to the WHCLs in the recent years.Finally,the paper examines what China and WHCLs can mutually benefit from each other based on the common concerns of sustainable development and harmonious human-nature relationship in the future.

Cultural Landscape in World Heritage Conservation and Cultural Landscape Conservation Challenges in Asia

UNESCO was the first United Nations agency to deal with landscapes at a global scale,notably through the World Heritage Convention.In 1992,‘Cultural Landscapes’became a new category on the World Heritage List combining works of nature and of humankind:cultural landscapes often illustrate a specific relation between people and nature and can reflect techniques of sustainable land use,fostering strong links between culture and sustainable development.Initiatives such as the UNESCO-Greece Melina Mercouri International Prize highlight outstanding examples of safeguarding activities at the world’s major cultural landscapes and offer opportunities to share good practices and create synergies.Cultural landscapes face numerous threats across the world,and especially in Asia,with its growing infrastructure development and urbanisation.This article shares some of the knowledge and experience garnered by UNESCO through its conservation and management activities at cultural landscapes in Asia(Bamiyan Valley in Afghanistan,Bhutan,Silk Roads heritage corridors)and highlights the urgent need for a cultural-historical-natural territory approach to address the pressing challenges for the conservation of Cultural Landscapes in Asia.Finally,the article advocates for a strong focus on the peoples and communities that inhabit these territories and their involvement at all stages.

Procedure for Delisting a Site From the World Heritage List： Is Delisting With Consent or Against the Wish of a State Party Possible？

As of 2015 （UNESCO, 2015）, the over-40-year-old Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage （1972） has been ratified by 191 nations, making it a universal and internationally recognised instrument for the protection of cultural and natural heritage. In the meantime, 1007 World Heritage Sites have been inscribed on the World Heritage List （as of February 2015） and two sites have been delisted. This paper discusses the delisting procedure of a site from the World Heritage List based on the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention （henceforth OG）. First of all, the question of the possibility to delist a site from the World Heritage List, in general, is addressed. And based on this discussion, the necessity of the consent of the State Party to the WHC on whose territory the site to be delisted is located is then examined.

世界遗产语境下普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观的生态智慧研究

生态智慧以人与自然的关系处理为核心范畴,对当今社会的可持续发展具有重要意义。文化景观是自然与人的共同作品,是生态智慧的典型研究对象,但目前缺少以文化景观为研究对象的生态智慧研究。以2023年9月新入选世界遗产的“普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观”为研究对象,依据以人为中心的不同外围空间尺度,从土地利用与林下茶种植方式、村落营建、居住建筑3个物质方面,以及以“茶”为核心的民族文化体系等文化层面,深刻揭示了“景迈山古茶林文化景观”世界遗产蕴含的生态智慧。进而在文化景观世界遗产语境下,从形成关键、组成部分、遗产价值、关注点和保护重点等方面对生态智慧进行深层次解析。不仅促进、拓展文化景观、生态智慧和风景园林的理论研究,而且对普洱景迈山古茶林遗产的认知与保护等也具有现实意义。

意义世界视域下丰富人民精神世界的价值旨归与实践路向

人对于意义世界的追寻与创造,是人之所以为人的本质特征。解决当下人们精神世界存在的现代性危机,就要关注人的意义生存,构筑人民安身立命的精神家园。意义世界视域下,丰富人民精神世界,需要从构建更为稳定和谐的情感生态、提升内圣修身的道德境界、建构更为有序规范的价值秩序、追寻并确立生命的终极意义四个方面着力,为构筑人民安身立命的精神家园提供情感寄托、道德基点、价值支撑与终极关怀。为此,需要从文化入手,坚持以文化人的实践原则,以中国式现代化的文化形态立意寻根,即以中国式现代化的文化形态构建起主体精神的文化世界,确立丰富人民精神世界的生长脉络、意义指向与具体路径。

杭州三大世界文化遗产的语言景观研究

本研究对杭州三大世界文化遗产地西湖、中国大运河(杭州段)、良渚古城遗址的语言景观进行了田野调查,对搜集的776个有效样本进行统计分析后发现:1.三大遗产地语言景观语言分布整体上以单语语码为主,双语次之,多语最少。2.单语语码中汉语处于绝对优势地位,双语语码中汉英语码组合处于绝对优势地位,多语语码中汉英韩日语码组合具有优势地位。3.官方标识处于优势地位,非官方标识处于劣势地位。4.官方语言景观中双语语码处于优势地位,汉英语码组合比较普遍,而非官方语言景观中,单语语码处于优势地位,汉语是单语语码的优势语言。研究发现,汉语在官方和非官方语言景观样本中均为优势语码,在非官方中所占比例更为突出。英语是双语和多语语码中除汉语外的优势语言。

China’s Top 10 Cultural Events in 2008

1. Spectacular Olympic Opening Ceremony The opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing on August 8. Well-known Chinese Director Zhang Yimou,

哈尼梯田文化景观世界遗产保护的社区参与研究

哈尼梯田文化景观世界遗产是当地居民在长期的生活生产中所创造的,遗产的保护离不开社区的参与。首先阐明社区参与哈尼梯田文化景观世界遗产保护是传承遗产价值,保持遗产"真实性"与"完整性",实现遗产可持续发展的关键。再从哈尼梯田现有的遗产保护管理制度、遗产价值认知、遗产资源管理、遗产旅游发展4个层面入手,分析了社区参与哈尼梯田文化景观遗产保护的困境,构建了基于社区参与的哈尼梯田文化景观世界遗产保护概念模型。并以元阳阿者科村的社区参与实践为例,探讨了社区参与世界遗产保护的可行性,以期对社区参与世界遗产保护提供借鉴。

五台山文化景观遗产突出普遍价值及其保护探讨

世界文化景观遗产的申报,是近年来国内越来越关注的话题,作为中国第一个成功以文化景观列入世界遗产名录的案例,五台山的申报过程为中国的文化景观遗产申报与研究提供了很多线索,尤其在突出普遍价值的认识及其保护管理方面,更是积累了一定的经验,同时也引发了新的思考。经过申报前后对遗产价值标准的对比研究及对保护管理的重新思考,认识到文化景观必须将自然、文化作为一个整体加以认知和保护,尤其要研究人与自然之间的作用机制,重视其中活态遗产的保护和展示。

德国城市历史景观遗产保护实践:波茨坦柏林宫殿及公园的启示

从宏观上介绍了德国在城市历史景观遗产保护方面的法规政策和管理建构;以波茨坦柏林宫殿及公园为微观切入点,梳理了它在政治变革与社会驱动下的历史发展背景;分析了作为城市绿色基础设施的波茨坦柏林宫殿及公园,是欧洲视角下体现君主专制和民族解放思想的整体文化景观;指出了其在保护实践中平衡城市发展与遗产保护的成功经验,以期为城市历史景观方法的中国路线提供示范。

世界遗产杭州西湖文化景观突出普遍价值研究

"杭州西湖文化景观"是中国2011年成功登录世界遗产名录的文化景观类型遗产,是中国山水美学景观设计最经典的作品,是文化含量特别厚重的"东方文化名湖"。杭州西湖文化景观"申报世界遗产的核心内容是"突出普遍价值"的研究与阐述,主要包括价值主题与世界遗产标准分析、对比研究、遗产价值承载要素分析、完整性与真实性评估等方面。

我国申报世界文化遗产的条件与对策——西湖案例研究

首先对过去几年来杭州西湖申报世界遗产的工作做一简单回顾,并从遗产价值、城市发展和旅游管理三个角度对其在申报过程中暴露出来的问题加以分析,提出三个对策:①唯一能反映杭州1000多年来的地域文化特色、统领西湖美学价值和茶文化、并在国际上具有深远影响的文化现象,是佛教禅宗。进而认为,西湖只有作为禅宗美学最完美的物证,才能真正认识到西湖巨大的遗产价值。②建设部门应尽快出台“景观条例”(landscape ordinance),在建筑设计和广告设计阶段就介入管理,加强历史景观的保护和恢复。③加强旅游点环境容量研究,出台相关游人限制措施。

议文化景观遗产及其景观文化的保护

在中国风景名胜区及文物保护单位2套遗产保护体系中,许多遗产的文化景观价值日渐被国内外学者所关注,但国内对于该领域的研究还远未形成体系。简要追溯了文化景观遗产的由来及其在中国的研究进展,提出景观文化是文化景观遗产研究和保护的突破口,并在分析中国文化景观保护现状问题的基础上,建议通过对景观文化要素及其载体的分析,结合跨学科研究和新技术应用,对有物质载体的文化、非物质的文化以及自然三者进行综合的保护、修复和展示。