Spatial Distribution and Inscribed Criteria of Cultural Landscape World Heritage Sites

As an important type of world heritage sites,cultural landscape has always been an important research subject.In order to explore the spatial distribution and evolution mode of cultural landscape all over the world,the paper systematically elaborated the historical context of cultural landscape.The distribution characteristics were analyzed by statistical methods,and the connotation and evolution law represented by cultural landscape in different regions were expounded.The word frequency of regional heritage criteria was analyzed,and the local characteristics of each case were discussed.The research shows that the spatial distribution of global cultural landscape is unbalanced,mainly concentrated in Europe,and the spatial distribution characteristics are closely related to geographical environment,social history,economic development level and many other factors.In terms of inscribed criteria for world heritage sites,most cultural landscapes are mainly based on cultural criteria,but also involve natural criteria.The recognition and protection of cultural landscapes that simultaneously meet multiple criteria will become the focus in the future.

Cultural Diversity of Traditional Settlement Landscape Gene

As a crucial channel for understanding traditional settlements culture,traditional settlement landscape gene is of vital importance to figure out status quo of traditional Chinese culture,to protect cultural heritage of settlements,and to help residents establish cultural confidence.This paper adopts diversity index,schema analysis,and qualitative analysis methods to identify cultural diversity and construct diversity map of cultural landscape genes.It shows that cultural diversity of landscape genes refers to the various forms of cultural factors in architecture,environment,culture,and layout,including type diversity,combination diversity,and functional diversity.

Research on the Value of Chinese Famous Mountainous Scenic Spots in the Perspective of Cultural Landscape

After summarizing relevant researches on famous mountainous scenic spots and the development of cultural landscapes in world cultural heritages, the paper has analyzed the value of famous mountainous scenic spots in China and considered that Chinese famous mountainous scenic spots are of rich natural science value and unique aesthetic value, have inherited traditional humane landscape aesthetic value, reflected the philosophical view of "the unity between heaven and human" and profound religious culture, and preserved rich cultural remains, corresponding with the definition and requirement of cultural landscape in world heritages.

Stone Culture Landscapes in Changyudongtian from the Perspective of World Heritage

Stone cultural landscape is a heritage type that is less involved in the world heritage list, which has unique value and cultural significance in the cultural landscape heritages. Changyudongtian, which demonstrates unique and harmonious stone culture landscapes characterized by its special geological structure, distinctive quarrying technology, long history of quarrying, harmonious rural folk cultures and interaction between man and nature with coexistence and prosperity, is based on the quarry remains with a history about 1,500 years, villages with lots of slate houses and local folk cultures. This article introduced landscape elements and features of Changyudongtian, and compared it with other similar world heritage sites, then with other famous domestic quarries, to explore the world heritage criteria that it may meet. And in addition to exploring its potentials to become world heritage, this article also put forward specific advices to better protect and utilize this heritage resource.

That’s Entertainment! The Cultural Economy

The creative economy is one of the most dynamic sectors of world trade, or so declared UNCTAD’s (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) Edna dos

World Heritage Cultural Landscapes:An Old or a New Concept for China?

The term‘cultural landscape’has many different meanings for different people throughout the world.It has been widely circulated since the international recognition of cultural landscapes extended to World Heritage prominence in 1992 with three categories of cultural landscapes of outstanding universal value defined as the‘combined works of nature and of man’.However,the application of World Heritage Cultural Landscapes(WHCLs)encountered difficulties in China.This paper reviews the history of nature-related World Heritage conservation in the country,examines the cross-cultural confusion of World Heritage practice from Chinese traditional cultural perspective of culture and nature relationship to address to the international bewilderment about China’s two-decade absence from WHCLs.The paper also reviews the efforts taken by China to dispel the conceptual confusion,what has been inspired by and contributed to the WHCLs in the recent years.Finally,the paper examines what China and WHCLs can mutually benefit from each other based on the common concerns of sustainable development and harmonious human-nature relationship in the future.

Cultural Landscape in World Heritage Conservation and Cultural Landscape Conservation Challenges in Asia

UNESCO was the first United Nations agency to deal with landscapes at a global scale,notably through the World Heritage Convention.In 1992,‘Cultural Landscapes’became a new category on the World Heritage List combining works of nature and of humankind:cultural landscapes often illustrate a specific relation between people and nature and can reflect techniques of sustainable land use,fostering strong links between culture and sustainable development.Initiatives such as the UNESCO-Greece Melina Mercouri International Prize highlight outstanding examples of safeguarding activities at the world’s major cultural landscapes and offer opportunities to share good practices and create synergies.Cultural landscapes face numerous threats across the world,and especially in Asia,with its growing infrastructure development and urbanisation.This article shares some of the knowledge and experience garnered by UNESCO through its conservation and management activities at cultural landscapes in Asia(Bamiyan Valley in Afghanistan,Bhutan,Silk Roads heritage corridors)and highlights the urgent need for a cultural-historical-natural territory approach to address the pressing challenges for the conservation of Cultural Landscapes in Asia.Finally,the article advocates for a strong focus on the peoples and communities that inhabit these territories and their involvement at all stages.

Procedure for Delisting a Site From the World Heritage List： Is Delisting With Consent or Against the Wish of a State Party Possible？

As of 2015 （UNESCO, 2015）, the over-40-year-old Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage （1972） has been ratified by 191 nations, making it a universal and internationally recognised instrument for the protection of cultural and natural heritage. In the meantime, 1007 World Heritage Sites have been inscribed on the World Heritage List （as of February 2015） and two sites have been delisted. This paper discusses the delisting procedure of a site from the World Heritage List based on the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention （henceforth OG）. First of all, the question of the possibility to delist a site from the World Heritage List, in general, is addressed. And based on this discussion, the necessity of the consent of the State Party to the WHC on whose territory the site to be delisted is located is then examined.

意义世界视域下丰富人民精神世界的价值旨归与实践路向

人对于意义世界的追寻与创造,是人之所以为人的本质特征。解决当下人们精神世界存在的现代性危机,就要关注人的意义生存,构筑人民安身立命的精神家园。意义世界视域下,丰富人民精神世界,需要从构建更为稳定和谐的情感生态、提升内圣修身的道德境界、建构更为有序规范的价值秩序、追寻并确立生命的终极意义四个方面着力,为构筑人民安身立命的精神家园提供情感寄托、道德基点、价值支撑与终极关怀。为此,需要从文化入手,坚持以文化人的实践原则,以中国式现代化的文化形态立意寻根,即以中国式现代化的文化形态构建起主体精神的文化世界,确立丰富人民精神世界的生长脉络、意义指向与具体路径。

杭州三大世界文化遗产的语言景观研究

本研究对杭州三大世界文化遗产地西湖、中国大运河(杭州段)、良渚古城遗址的语言景观进行了田野调查,对搜集的776个有效样本进行统计分析后发现:1.三大遗产地语言景观语言分布整体上以单语语码为主,双语次之,多语最少。2.单语语码中汉语处于绝对优势地位,双语语码中汉英语码组合处于绝对优势地位,多语语码中汉英韩日语码组合具有优势地位。3.官方标识处于优势地位,非官方标识处于劣势地位。4.官方语言景观中双语语码处于优势地位,汉英语码组合比较普遍,而非官方语言景观中,单语语码处于优势地位,汉语是单语语码的优势语言。研究发现,汉语在官方和非官方语言景观样本中均为优势语码,在非官方中所占比例更为突出。英语是双语和多语语码中除汉语外的优势语言。

“世界文化名城”视域下成都地区语言景观建设路径初探

语言景观作为最直观地体现城市文化软实力的一种语言表达形式,在成都市大力推进“世界文化名城”建设的新时代背景下,扮演着不可或缺的重要角色。该文以社会语言学为切入点,介绍了语言景观研究的发展概况,阐明了成都地区语言景观建设与“世界文化名城”之间的关系。研究发现,成都地区语言景观的建设尚在起步阶段,缺乏统筹规划,没有做体系研究。因此,对其研究的必要性也就凸显出来。该文围绕成都地区语言景观的建设,对研究内容制定了详细规划,并设计出具体的研究策略和建议。在国家“十四五规划”期间,该研究具有时效性和代表性,旨在为践行党和国家提倡的城市发展新理念,提升成都作为国家级中心城市的国际竞争力和区域带动力,提供有效的理论支持和策略建议。

人类学翻译转向与世界遗产——以景迈山古茶林申遗为例

具有“杰出的普遍价值”是一个遗产项目被收入《世界遗产名录》的必备要求,而从地方经验中提炼普遍价值的过程应该被理解成一个翻译过程。以云南省景迈山古茶林申遗为例,文章详细解释了在不同版本的申遗文书中,我国专家是如何从景迈山古茶林的布朗族和傣族要素中提取符合文化景观要求的地方经验的,并完成对抽象条例的翻译。这个打通具体与一般的翻译过程是在遗产领域实践费孝通所说的“文化自觉”。

论《亲吻世界》中风景的文化建构

从权力理论进入风景,原本作为自然景色的风景就成为一种文化建构的产物,是意识形态的表征。周励的散文集《亲吻世界:曼哈顿手记》非常典型地体现出被建构的文化风景的特征及其丰富内涵。进入风景的主体身份不仅彰显着权力的流动,也影响着风景的建构过程及结果。通过个体身份、知识、情感的过滤,原本抽象的风景空间被赋予浓厚的个人色彩,从而形成既有普遍性又充满个人特征的地方性文化景观。在周励笔下,风景成为思考个人性、族群性与世界性文化价值的中介,传递出作者对自我,对历史,以及对人类整体命运的思考。

泉州世界文化遗产景区语言景观的现状及微更新策略

泉州世界文化遗产景区的语言景观同时发挥着信息功能和象征功能;多语码组合在实体语言景观设计中成为主流趋势,在标牌语码中,中文占主导地位,英文在外文中为优先语码,而阿拉伯文则作为宋元时期多元社群遗产要素的象征得到突显;网络语言景观建设较为完善。但泉州世遗景区的语言景观存在语码组合不统一、外文种类未及时调整、智慧导游系统互动功能不足等问题。建议相关部门对语言景观进行微更新,统一语言景观的语码组合,加入马来语;把语言景观用作一种碎片化学习资源;注重自下而上的公众参与和社区自治,搭建历史文化虚拟共享空间。

China’s Top 10 Cultural Events in 2008

1. Spectacular Olympic Opening Ceremony The opening ceremony of the 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing on August 8. Well-known Chinese Director Zhang Yimou,

哈尼梯田文化景观世界遗产保护的社区参与研究

哈尼梯田文化景观世界遗产是当地居民在长期的生活生产中所创造的,遗产的保护离不开社区的参与。首先阐明社区参与哈尼梯田文化景观世界遗产保护是传承遗产价值,保持遗产"真实性"与"完整性",实现遗产可持续发展的关键。再从哈尼梯田现有的遗产保护管理制度、遗产价值认知、遗产资源管理、遗产旅游发展4个层面入手,分析了社区参与哈尼梯田文化景观遗产保护的困境,构建了基于社区参与的哈尼梯田文化景观世界遗产保护概念模型。并以元阳阿者科村的社区参与实践为例,探讨了社区参与世界遗产保护的可行性,以期对社区参与世界遗产保护提供借鉴。

五台山文化景观遗产突出普遍价值及其保护探讨

世界文化景观遗产的申报,是近年来国内越来越关注的话题,作为中国第一个成功以文化景观列入世界遗产名录的案例,五台山的申报过程为中国的文化景观遗产申报与研究提供了很多线索,尤其在突出普遍价值的认识及其保护管理方面,更是积累了一定的经验,同时也引发了新的思考。经过申报前后对遗产价值标准的对比研究及对保护管理的重新思考,认识到文化景观必须将自然、文化作为一个整体加以认知和保护,尤其要研究人与自然之间的作用机制,重视其中活态遗产的保护和展示。

德国城市历史景观遗产保护实践:波茨坦柏林宫殿及公园的启示

从宏观上介绍了德国在城市历史景观遗产保护方面的法规政策和管理建构;以波茨坦柏林宫殿及公园为微观切入点,梳理了它在政治变革与社会驱动下的历史发展背景;分析了作为城市绿色基础设施的波茨坦柏林宫殿及公园,是欧洲视角下体现君主专制和民族解放思想的整体文化景观;指出了其在保护实践中平衡城市发展与遗产保护的成功经验,以期为城市历史景观方法的中国路线提供示范。