Strengthen the Four Confidences:Inheritance and Development of the Spirit of the May 4th Movement

The spirit of the May 4th Movement has a profound influence on China’s self-confidence in its path,political system,guiding theories,and culture.This spirit,which conceived the choice of socialist path,has become the foundation of confidence in the socialist path with Chinese characteristics.The Marxist theory contained in the spirit is the core of the theoretical self-confidence of socialism;the socialist system bred by the spirit has borne the fruit of confidence in the socialist system with Chinese characteristics;the new culture movement produced by the spirit is the thrust of cultural self-confidence of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Inheriting and developing the spirit of the May Fourth Movement in the new era is conducive to strengthen the Four Confidences.

The association between the baseline bone resorption marker CTX and incident dysglycemia after 4 years

Bone is an endocrine organ involved in modulating glucose homeostasis. The role of the bone formation marker osteocalcin （OCN） in predicting diabetes was reported, but with conflicting results. No study has explored the association between baseline bone resorption activity and incident diabetes or prediabetes during follow-up. Our objective was to examine the relationship between the baseline bone resorption marker crosslinked C-telopeptide of type I collagen （CTX） and glycemic dysregulation after 4 years. This longitudinal study was conducted in a university teaching hospital. A total of 195 normal glucose tolerant （NGT） women at baseline were invited for follow-up. The incidence of diabetes and prediabetes （collectively defined as dysglycemia） was recorded. A total of 128 individuals completed the 4-year study. The overall conversion rate from NGT to dysglycemia was 31.3%. The incidence of dysglycemia was lowest in the middle tertile [16.3% （95% confidence interval （CI）, 6.8%-30.70/0）] compared with the lower [31.0% （95% CI, 17.2%-46.1%）] and upper [46.5% （95% CI, 31.2%-62.6%）] tertiles of CTX, with a significant difference seen between the middle and upper tertiles （P = 0.002 5）. After adjusting for multiple confounding variables, the upper tertile of baseline CTX was associated with an increased risk of incident dysglycemia, with an odds ratio of 7.09 （95% CI, 1.73-28.99） when the middle tertile was the reference. Osteoclasts actively regulate glucose homeostasis in a biphasic model that moderately enhanced bone resorption marker CTX at baseline provides protective effects against the deterioration of glucose metabolism, whereas an overactive osteoclastic function contributes to an increased risk of subsequent dysglycemia.

Modified constraint-induced movement therapy alters synaptic plasticity of rat contralateral hippocampus following middle cerebral artery occlusion

Modified constraint-induced movement therapy is an effective treatment for neurological and motor impairments in patients with stroke by increasing the use of their affected limb and limiting the contralateral limb.However,the molecular mechanism underlying its efficacy remains unclear.In this study,a middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)rat model was produced by the suture method.Rats received modified constraint-induced movement therapy 1 hour a day for 14 consecutive days,starting from the 7^th day after middle cerebral artery occlusion.Day 1 of treatment lasted for 10 minutes at 2r/min,day 2 for 20 minutes at 2 r/min,and from day 3 onward for 20 minutes at 4 r/min.CatWalk gait analysis,adhesive removal test,and Y-maze test were used to investigate motor function,sensory function as well as cognitive function in rodent animals from the 1st day before MCAO to the 21^st day after MCAO.On the 21^st day after MCAO,the neurotransmitter receptor-related genes from both contralateral and ipsilateral hippocampi were tested by micro-array and then verified by western blot assay.The glutamate related receptor was shown by transmission electron microscopy and the glutamate content was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.The results of behavior tests showed that modified constraint-induced movement therapy promoted motor and sensory functional recovery in the middle cerebral artery-occluded rats,but had no effect on cognitive function.The modified constraint-induced movement therapy upregulated the expression of glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 3(Gria3)in the hippocampus and downregulated the expression of the beta3-adrenergic receptor gene Adrb3 and arginine vasopressin receptor 1 A,Avprla in the middle cerebral artery-occluded rats.In the ipsilateral hippocampus,only Adra2 a was downregulated,and there was no significant change in Gria3.Transmission electron microscopy revealed a denser distribution the more distribution of postsynaptic glutamate receptor 2/3,which is an a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor,within 240 nm of the postsynaptic density in the contralateral cornu ammonis 3 region.The size and distribution of the synaptic vesicles within 100 nm of the presynaptic active zone were unchanged.Western blot analysis showed that modified constraint-induced movement therapy also increased the expression of glutamate receptor 2/3 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the hippocampus of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion,but had no effect on Synapsin I levels.Besides,we also found modified constraint-induced movement therapy effectively reduced glutamate content in the contralateral hippocampus.This study demonstrated that modified constraint-induced movement therapy is an effective rehabilitation therapy in middle cerebral artery-occluded rats,and suggests that these positive effects occur via the upregulation of the postsynaptic membrane a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor expression.This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Fudan University,China(approval No.201802173 S)on March 3,2018.

Middle-Late Pleistocene Paleo-Climate and Paleo-Altimetry of the Centre of Tibetan Plateau Indicated by the Sporopollen Record of Well QZ-4

The core sample from well QZ-4 is an important climate archive for the central Tibetan Plateau in the middle-late Pleistocene. In this work, a detailed pollen analysis of it is carried out to provide a preliminary insight into the paleo-climate and paleo-altimetry change in the central Tibetan Plateau. It can be concluded that the pollen assemblage can be obviously divided into two pollen zones, Pollen zone I (251.1 - 314 m in depth, 120.0 - 345.8 ka BP.) and Pollen zone II (200 - 251.1 m in depth, 105.4 - 120 ka BP.). The paleo-climate during pollen zone I deposition period was comparatively colder and wetter than it during the pollen zone II deposition period. After Gonghe Movement, the center of Tibetan Plateau was uplifted about 300 m (from 3500 - 3700 m to 3800 - 4000 m in elevation). The wind was changed from horizontal or downward direction to upward direction, in the study area. In the central of Tibetan Plateau, the climate change seems to be mainly driven by global climate change, and that tectonic uplift may have been a subordinate influence at the middle-late Pleistocene.

The Sociocultural Analysis of the Development of Communism Movement in China

The initiation of the communism group and the founding of the Communist Party of China are deeply rooted in China’s political,economic,and social environments,which are not simply the result of Soviet Russia’forced export of revolution.Out of the complete disappointment in China’s political reality and the profound reflection on its economic oppression,Chinese progressive intellectuals have yearned for one ideal society since the Republic of China,which is represented by socialism.The practical successful road provided by October Revolution caters to China’s trend.Therefore,the early Chinese communists begin to change their clothes and enter the labor masses.They look forward to establishing a revolutionary proletarian regime and carrying on economic career based on communist principle so as to promote national construction.Under the long-term promotion of the early communists,the former poor and undisciplined working class would bring the concept of socialism into their own life.

A Study on the Law of Birth and Formation of Yang-Deficiency Constitution Based on the Theory of Five Movement and Six Qi

Objective:To explore the law of birth and yang deficiency constitution based on the theory of five movements and six qi,as well as to provide a new way to better realize the prevention of yang deficiency constitution.Methods:The data of TCM quality table and luck data were collected via questionnaires.According to the data of from the TCM quality table,the respondents were divided into yang deficiency constitution group and non-yang deficiency group.According to the luck data,the distributions of gestational age were compared between the two groups.Results:A total of 175 questionnaires were collected,of which 89 were non-yang deficiency constitution and 86 were yang deficiency constitution.The proportion of Ding year(15.1%)in the yang deficiency group was significantly higher than that in non-yang deficiency group(5.6%),in which the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The possibility of yang deficiency constitution is higher.

Effect of WFDC 2 silencing on the proliferation,motility and invasion of human serous ovarian cancer cells in vitro

Objective:To investigate effect and possible mechanisms of silencing human WFDC2（HE4） gene on biological behavior changes as cell proliferation,apoplosis,movement and invasion of human serous ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3.Methods:Lentiviral WFDC2 gene sequence of small interfering siRNA was stablely transfected into SKOV3 identified by Q-PCR and western-blot. Obtained SKOV3 stable strains with silenced HE4 were measured by proliferation,apoplosis, migration,and invasion.Results:Gene sequencing showed that the oligonucleotides were successfully inserted into the expected site.After silencing HE4 in the SKOV3,proliferation was significandy inhibited（P【0.05）.G0/G1 phase was arrested by the cell cycle（P【0.01） and capacity of the migration and invasion decreased significandy（P【0.01）.Slight early apoptosis ratio and no change of late apoplosis were found without change of Caspase-3 or Bcl-2 protein.Proteins involed in ERK pathway as phosphorylated protein as p-EGFR,p- ERK decreased and protease protein involved in tissue remoding as matrix metalloproteinases MMP-9,MMP-2 and cathepsin B decreased compared with control group.Conclusions:HE4 gene plays an important role in regulating proliferation,apoptosis,migration,invasion of serous ovarian cancer cells by ERK pathway and protease system.Its role in apoptosis needs to be further explored,and it may be a potential target for serous ovarian cancer.

Variation of sea ice extent in different regions of the Arctic Ocean

Sea ice in the Arctic has been reducing rapidly in the past half century due to global warming. This study analyzes the variations of sea ice extent in the entire Arctic Ocean and its sub regions. The results indicate that sea ice extent reduction during 1979-2013 is most significant in summer, following by that in autumn, winter and spring. In years with rich sea ice, sea ice extent anomaly with seasonal cycle removed changes with a period of 4-6 years. The year of 2003-2006 is the ice-rich period with diverse regional difference in this century. In years with poor sea ice, sea ice margin retreats further north in the Arctic. Sea ice in the Fram Strait changes in an opposite way to that in the entire Arctic. Sea ice coverage index in melting-freezing period is an critical indicator for sea ice changes, which shows an coincident change in the Arctic and sub regions. Since 2002, Region C2 in north of the Pacific sector contributes most to sea ice changes in the central Aarctic, followed by C1 and C3. Sea ice changes in different regions show three relationships. The correlation coefficient between sea ice coverage index of the Chukchi Sea and that of the East Siberian Sea is high, suggesting good consistency of ice variation. In the Atlantic sector, sea ice changes are coincided with each other between the Kara Sea and the Barents Sea as a result of warm inflow into the Kara Sea from the Barents Sea. Sea ice changes in the central Arctic are affected by surrounding seas.

TRPV4通道在正畸牙齿移动中的研究进展

正畸牙齿移动是临床正畸治疗的关键环节,通过在牙齿上施加合适的正畸力,正畸力传递至牙周会引起牙齿周围软硬组织的适应性改建。瞬时受体电位香草素受体4型通道蛋白(transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channel,TRPV4)是一个作用繁多、机制复杂的机械敏感性钙离子通道蛋白,在调控机械力的传导、炎症反应等方面都发挥着重要的作用,近年来陆续有研究者发现TRPV4通道也参与了正畸牙齿移动。本文就TRPV4通道在正畸牙齿移动中发挥的作用作一综述,以期为临床正畸治疗提供理论依据。

满足4~7岁儿童发展需求的户外隐匿游戏空间构建及其设施设计研究

目的构建满足4~7岁儿童发展需求的户外隐匿游戏空间和游乐设施,以实现减少监护人对儿童游戏的监督和命令,保障儿童自由、自控游戏,帮助儿童增强自我认同意识、建立独立自信品格,并培养高情商交往能力。方法首先针对4~7岁儿童游戏行为的心理行为特征和游戏行为特征进行分析,并探究游乐空间和设施对4~7岁儿童游戏行为及心理特征的影响,得到儿童发展需求对户外游戏空间及其设施的具体要求;其次,结合儿童自我发展和自主游戏的诉求,对儿童户外隐匿游戏空间及其设施的设计要点进行了分析;最后从儿童游乐空间和设施的主题确定、方案设计及效果展示三个阶段出发,构建满足4~7岁儿童发展需求的户外隐匿游戏空间及游乐设施。结果,构建了儿童不断深入参与的隐匿空间、参差自然与社会相恰的诗意隐匿空间、象征性分割迷宫三种不同特点的户外隐匿空间,可满足儿童自主游戏的需求;此外,隐匿空间中内置的与空间特征相适应的趣味性、操作力助益游乐设施,其造型、材质、色彩多方面的设计考虑,可以激发儿童想象力,增加儿童游戏热情,促进儿童的探索兴趣。结论构建了可满足4~7岁儿童发展的游乐空间和设施的设计方案,有利于儿童身心的健康发展,也为4~7岁儿童游戏产业的发展提供新的设计思路和方向。

基于FMS下3-4岁幼儿韵律课程对运动能力影响分析

FMS是幼儿未来熟练掌握各种运动的基础,关注幼儿韵律活动可以发展幼儿的想象力、创造力。当前幼儿体质的下降、身体素质不佳、感统失调、形体欠佳已成为重要问题,本研究从FMS出发,选取了福州某幼儿园中的3-4岁幼儿81名,分为实验组和对照组,通过16周的游戏化的基于FMS的幼儿韵律课程训练,运用《国民体质测定标准手册(幼儿部分)》的身体素质及幼儿表演性舞蹈剧目的测试,测试显示,实验组的3-4岁的幼儿的六项单项指标均有不同程度的提高;实验组幼儿在舞蹈小作品的表现中动作更加自然流畅,表情更加丰富;3-4岁幼儿坐位体前屈好的幼儿在舞蹈表现上高于坐位体前屈差的幼儿;3-4岁幼儿音乐律动感知和幼儿身体基础与幼儿身体协调性成正相关。

父亲教养态度与儿童在4～7岁间的问题行为和学校适应

对 54名儿童在 4岁和 7岁时的问题行为及其父亲的教养态度进行追踪研究 ,在儿童 7岁时 ,根据教师报告考察其学校适应情况。结果发现 :父亲的过分关心能显著预测男孩的外显和内隐问题行为 ;父亲的拒绝和控制能显著预测儿童在学校中的助人行为 ;从 4岁到 7岁 ,父亲的教养态度既有稳定性 ,又有一定的变化 ;

南疆尼雅地区4000a来的地化元素分布特征与古气候环境演化的初步研究

通过应用因子分析法对尼雅剖面中的多种地化元素和氧化物的分析 ,在R、Q型因子分析的基础上 ,提取出古气候信息。初步的研究表明 :近 40 0 0a来 ,尼雅地区气候环境仍以干旱化为主 ,但此期间出现过多次不同程度的干湿变化 ,大致可分为 5个气候期 :4 0～ 3 0kaB P .相对暖干期 ;3 0～ 2 2kaB .P .相对冷湿期 ;2 2～ 1 6kaB .P .相对暖干期 ;1 6～ 1 0kaB .P .相对冷湿期 ;1 0kaB .P .

建设4亿亩高标准基本农田的思考与建议

近年来,高标准基本农田建设日益受到党中央和国务院的高度重视,大规模建设高标准基本农田已经上升为国家层面的战略部署和总体安排。"十二五"时期我国将在已有基础上再建成4亿亩旱涝保收高标准基本农田,此举对于增强我国粮食安全保障能力、加快我国农业现代化发展,以及深化和扩展耕地数量、质量和生态全面管护内涵等具有重要意义。在"十二五"时期要实现既定目标,既面临着建设任务艰巨、资金存在缺口、监管难度较大等困难和挑战,但也具备较为扎实的工作基础,如初步建立了较为科学合理的工作机制、部署开展了各级土地整治规划、颁布出台了相关规章制度等。为确保"十二五"期间完成4亿亩高标准基本农田建设任务,文章建议通过积极主动的统筹谋划、大胆务实的改革创新,加快推进这项工作,主要包括:加快编制实施地方各级土地整治规划、健全高标准基本农田建设的工作机制、创新土地整治资金的使用和管理机制,以及加大高标准基本农田建设的监管力度等。

儿童2岁时情绪调节策略预测4岁时社会行为

考察儿童情绪调节的早期发展对以后社会行为的预测。对 176名儿童进行 2年追踪 :2岁时 ,观察他们在陌生情境和延迟满足情境下的情绪调节策略。 4岁时 ,对他们在陌生同伴情境中的自由游戏活动进行观察 ,评价其社会交往能力和社会退缩性。在儿童完成分车票任务和收拾玩具过程中对其任务坚持性进行评价。通过回归分析我们发现在预测 4岁时社会行为上早期情绪调节策略的主效应显著。这表明 2岁时的情绪调节策略能显著地预测儿童

葡萄新品种桂葡4号选育及其栽培技术

【目的】选育抗病性强、品质优良、高产稳产且适合广西种植的葡萄新品种,为广西葡萄产业可持续发展打下基础。【方法】2009~2013年,对从巨峰葡萄群体中选出的优良芽变单株分别进行品种比较试验和区域栽培试验,观测其栽培性状和果实品质。【结果】品比试验中,该芽变单株第一季果平均穗重376.7 g,平均粒重8.53 g,平均可溶性固形物含量15.9%,较对照巨峰提高了1.2%（绝对值）;区域试验第二季果平均穗重约300.0 g,平均粒重约7.30 g,平均可溶性固形物含量约19.0%。产量方面,品比试验第2年开始挂果,单株产果2.79 kg,第一季果产量为7449.0 kg/ha;区域试验第3年进入丰产期,都安县试验点第一季果产量为14874.0 kg/ha,第二季果产量为7326.0 kg/ha。该品种于2014年6月通过广西农作物品种审定委员会审定,定名为桂葡4号。桂葡4号表现果穗中等大,果肉质细,有浓郁的草莓香味,对葡萄黑痘病及灰霉病抗性较强,对霜霉病、炭疽病抗性中等,高产稳产,在广西可进行一年两收栽培。【结论】桂葡4号综合性状优良,可进行一年两收栽培,避雨栽条件下适合在广西等南方地区推广种植。

浙江省0～4岁儿童生存水平的研究

浙江省１７市、县０～４岁儿童连续２年死亡监测，结果：新生儿、婴儿、０～４岁儿童的平均死亡率分别为１５．４０‰、２１．７１‰、２７．３４‰。死亡儿童的年龄主要集中在新生儿期。儿童的主要死因，新生儿组主要为早产和出生窒息，婴儿组为肺炎，１～４岁组为溺水。１９９２年死于感染性疾病的儿童占死亡儿童总数的３５．８０％，１９９３年占２９．２０％，１９９２年城市儿童死于家中的占总死亡数的３５．７０％，农村占４０．２０％，１９９３年前者占４７．５０％，后者占４９．００％。在农村有超过１／４的儿童死前未得到任何医疗保健服务。提示今后儿童保健工作的重点在农村，重点防治疾病为早产、出生窒息、肺炎和溺水，因此重点保健对象为围产儿和新生儿。

4～6岁儿童行为发展与母亲人格特征的关系

目的：了解4-6岁儿童行为现状,探讨母亲人口学因素及人格特质与儿童行为发展的关系。方法：选取深圳市幼儿园1329名4-6岁儿童及其母亲为被试,使用Achenbach（4-16岁）儿童行为量表（父母问卷）和艾森克人格量表（成人版）分别对4-6岁儿童行为及其母亲人格特征进行评定。结果：本样本儿童行为问题检出率为7.5%,不同性别儿童行为问题检出率不同（χ2=9.69,P〈0.01）,男童行为问题检出率（9.4%）高于女童（4.9%）。非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,在儿童行为发展过程中,母亲受教育程度（OR=0.21,P〈0.05）是保护因素,而其人格维度中情绪稳定性是危险因素（OR=1.13,P〈0.05）。结论：学龄前儿童行为发展可能与母亲受教育程度及人格有一定相关,母亲受教育程度高、情绪稳定的人格特征可能是儿童行为健康发展的保护因素。

第43届世界体操锦标赛男子双杠成套动作编排特征研究

运用文献资料调研和录像观察等方法,对第43届世界体操锦标赛男子双杠决赛前8名运动员成套动作类型、难度、完成等情况进行统计分析,对运动员个人能力、难度动作的选择和动作总数等影响E分的因素进行对比分析。结果表明,双杠作为传统的支撑类项目,8名决赛运动员的成套动作在动作选用上仍旧是支撑类最多,但短半径回环类和悬垂大摆类动作已与支撑类成鼎立态势;悬垂大摆类动作以向后大回环及其衍生的向后大回环加转体动作为主,短半径回环类则全部为后上转体;从运动员成套动作编排看,沿纵轴转体的动作较沿横轴空翻的动作更有利于做出直接连接;决赛前8名运动员D分相差不大,E分成为了决定运动员胜负的最关键因素,8名运动员的E分排名与其名次完全相同。合理处理难度与完成的关系、难度动作连接直接化、缩短成套动作、储备充足的体能和心理能力,则成为运动员夺冠的关键。

子女教育心理控制源与4～5岁儿童行为问题相关研究

[目的]研究4～5岁儿童家长子女教育心理控制源与儿童行为问题之间的关系，为制定学龄前儿童行为问题干预措施提供依据。[方法]用Achenbach’s儿童行为量表中国标准化版判断儿童行为问题，采用子女教育心理控制源量表（PLOC）调查103例行为问题儿童家长，运用病例对照方法进行研究。[结果]①PLOC因子1、2、3、5外控性得分病例组较对照组高。②PLOC因子2、3、5均与儿童行为问题严重程度相关；其中因子5与各类行为问题、特别是外向性行为问题相关，因子3与内向性行为问题相关，因子2与男童性问题相关。③对PLOC各因子影响因素进行了分析。[结论]4～5岁行为问题儿童家长在子女教育方面存在问题。针对改善家长子女教育心理控制源的儿童行为问题干预措施值得重视。