土司制度研究:一个多学科交叉研究的学术领域——兼论近代中国的土司制度与改土归流

土司制度研究之内容丰富,是民族历史学、政治学、民族学、社会学等社会人文多学科研究的重要对象之一,这些学科的有机结合构成土司学学科群;在研究理论与方法上以历史学为主同时兼采多学科理论与研究手段与分析工具,土司学具有综合性与专门性之个性特征,有重要的学术价值与现实意义;中国近代政治重建与民族政治关系建构视野下的土司制度与改土归流问题,是土司学研究的重要课题之一。

中国特色劳动关系的阶段、特点和趋势--基于国际比较劳动关系研究的视野

研究中国特色劳动关系,需要在劳动关系国际比较的视野下进行。国际比较劳动关系研究中的三组基本概念,即产业关系和雇佣关系、全球经济一体化与资本主义多样性、趋同与趋异,为中国劳动关系的研究提供了理论和方法的启示。中国的劳动关系是一种国家主导的市场经济的劳动关系。中国劳动关系的发展阶段,正在经历从个别劳动关系的构成和调整到集体劳动关系的构成和调整的转型。在传统的产业关系结构和调整正在形成的同时,各种非正规的新型雇佣关系也在发展。中国的劳动关系的基本性质特点,具有市场经济下劳动关系的一般特征,在解决矛盾的基础上实现合作是这一关系的基本特征。中国劳动关系的特色,并非表现在劳动关系的性质上,而是表现在中国市场化的劳动关系的形成过程、主体结构和调整方式上。中国劳动关系的发展趋向是,趋同是一般性,趋异是特定性。

Appraisal of the Production-Oriented Approach： An Introduction

The production-oriented approach （POA） has been developed over a decade. It is driven by the need to improve English classroom instruction for university students in China （Wen, 2016）. It is also motivated by the aspiration to enhance the quality of foreign language education in other similar pedagogical contexts outside China. A volume of research has been done by Wen Qiufang and her research team, to formulate the theory of POA and to test its effectiveness in classroom pedagogy （e.g. Wen, 2016, 2015; Yang, 2015; Zhang, 2015）. At the moment, the POA is still at an early stage of theory building and almost all empirical research is done in the Chinese context. In order to improve the quality of this theory and to make it intelligible to the international academic community, a one-day symposium was held in Beijing Foreign Studies University on May 15, 2017. The symposium was entitled ＇The first international forum on innovative foreign language education in China： Appraisal of the POA＇. In the forum, leading experts in applied linguistics were invited to discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the POA and the directions for its future development. The symposium was the first attempt for the POA research team to discuss its latest work with international scholars. This Viewpoint section collects the responses of four experts who participated in the symposium, listed in alphabetical order. The collection of articles covers three topics related to the POA： its pedagogical application, its use for teacher training, and its research. Alister Cumming is Professor Emeritus and the former Head of the Centre for Educational Research on Languages and Literacies, University of Toronto, Canada. His article focuses primarily on POA research as an exemplary case of design-based research. Rod Ellis is Research Professor in the School of Education at Curtin University, Australia. He discusses POA in terms of pedagogy, teacher training and research, with both critiques and constructive suggestions. Paul Kei Matsuda is Professor of English and Director of Second Language Writing at Arizona State University, the writed states. He responds to POA from the perspective of an expert researcher and teacher of L2 writing. Charlene Polio is Professor and Associate Chair in the Department of Linguistics ＆ Germanic, Slavic, Asian ＆ African Languages atMichigan State University, the writed states. She conceptualises POA as a useful method to address some issues in pre-service teacher development. Overall, the articles in this section are insightful and reader-friendly. They are not only useful for the development of POA in particular, but may also be valuable to a broad range of researchers as they touch upon pertaining issues, as well as emerging topics, in the field of applied linguistics. We therefore find it necessary to make them accessible to a wide readership.

集体性失明：反思中国学界对伊战、阿战的预测

十年前中国国际问题专家对阿富汗、伊拉克两场战争的预测与判断,不论是战略判断还是战术预测,大多与事实相去甚远。当时那些预测背后的理论、事实、逻辑、方法,不仅反映出学界对两场战争的研究轨迹和缺陷,还可以折射出国际问题研究领域存在的一些问题。中国传统思维方式、马克思主义理论和方法及西方国际关系理论无序混杂,构成中国国际问题研究奇形怪状的基石,浮躁的学风和研究激励机制则进一步加剧了乱象。