Differential Hydrocarbon Accumulation Controlled by Structural Styles along the Southern and Northern Tianshan Thrust Belt

The Kuqa and the Southern Junggar foreland thrust belts, which lie to the southern and northern Tianshan, respectively, were formed under a strong compressional tectonic setting. Due to the differential propagation and deformation under the control of the décollement horizon, the structural deformation styles differ in the Kuqa and Southern Junggar thrust belts. Imbricated stacking is developed in the Kuqa thrust belt, forming a piggyback imbricated pattern of faulted anticline and fault-block structural assemblage dominated by salt structures. In contrast, wedge-shaped thrusts are developed in Southern Junggar, mainly forming vertical laminated patterns of multi-wedge-structure stacks strongly influenced by the décollement horizons. The different deformation patterns and structural styles of the north and south of Tian Shan control the contrasting characteristics of hydrocarbon accumulation in the foreland thrust belts of the Kuqa and the Southern Junggar thrust belts, including the variance in the hydrocarbon trap types, pathway systems and hydrocarbon-bearing horizons. Proven by the hydrocarbon accumulation research and exploration achievements, recent exploration targets should focus on sub-salt piggyback imbricated structural patterns in the Kuqa and the deep laminated patterns in the Southern Junggar thrust belt.

Variational iteration method for solving the mechanism of the Equatorial Eastern Pacific El Nino-Southern Oscillation

A class of coupled system for the E1 Nifio-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） mechanism is studied. Using the method of variational iteration for perturbation theory, the asymptotic expansions of the solution for ENSO model are obtained and the asymptotic behaviour of solution for corresponding problem is considered.

Homotopic method of solving a class of EI Nino/La Nina-Southern Oscillation sea-air oscillator

The EI Nino/La Nina-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） is an interannual phenomenon involved in the tropical Pacific Ocean-atmosphere interactions. In this paper, an asymptotic method of solving the nonlinear equation for the ENSO model is created. And based on a class of oscillator of the ENSO model, the approximate solution of a corresponding problem is studied by employing the method of homotopic mapping. It is proved from the results that the homotopic method can be used for analysing the sea surface temperature anomaly in the equatorial eastern Pacific and the thermocline depth anomaly of the atmosphere-ocean oscillation for the ENSO model.

PERTURBED SOLUTION OF SEA-AIR OSCILLATOR FOR THE EL NI O/LA NI O-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION MECHANISM

A class of coupled system to oscillate of the E1 Nino/La Nino-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） mechanism is studied. Using the perturbed theory, the asymptotic expansions and asymptotic behavior of the solution for an ENSO model are obtained.

Perturbed solution of sea-air oscillator for the El Nino/ La Nina-Southern Oscillation mechanism

A class of coupled system of the E1 Nino/La Nina-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） mechanism is studied. Using the perturbed theory, the asymptotic expansions of the solution for ENSO model are obtained and the asymptotic behavior of solution for corresponding problem is considered.

Disturbed solution of the El Nio-southern oscillation sea-air delayed oscillator

A class of delayed oscillators of El Nifio-southern oscillation （ENSO） models is considered. Using the delayed theory, the perturbed theory and other methods, the asymptotic expansions of the solutions for ENSO models are obtained and the asymptotic behaviour of solution of corresponding problem is studied.

Asymptotic solution for EI Nino-southern oscillation of nonlinear model

A class of nonlinear coupled system for EI Nino-Southern Oscillation （ENSO） model is considered. Using the asymptotic theory and method of variational iteration, the asymptotic expansion of the solution for ENSO models is obtained.

A Comparison of Polar Vortex Response to Pacific and Indian Ocean Warming

During recent decades, the tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean has become increasingly warmer. Meanwhile, both the northern and southern hemispheric polar vortices （NPV and SPV） have exhibited a deepening trend in boreal winter. Although previous studies have revealed that the tropical Indian Ocean warming （IOW） favors an intensifying NPV and a weakening SPV, how the tropical Pacific Ocean warming （POW） influences the NPV and SPV remains unclear. In this study, a comparative analysis has been conducted through ensemble atmospheric general circulation model （AGCM） experiments. The results show that, for the Northern Hemisphere, the two warmings exerted opposite impacts in boreal winter, in that the IOW intensified the NPV while the POW weakened the NPV. For the Southern Hemisphere, both the IOW and POW warmed the southern polar atmosphere and weakened the SPV. A diagnostic analysis based on the vorticity budget revealed that such an interhemispheric difference in influences from the IOW and POW in boreal winter was associated with different roles of transient eddy momentum flux convergence between the hemispheres. Furthermore, this difference may have been linked to different strengths of stationary wave activity between the hemispheres in boreal winter.

Co-seismic Coulomb stress changes on the northern Tanlu fault zone caused by the Tohoku-Oki M_(W)9.0 earthquake

Based on the spherical earth dislocation theory and a fault slip model of the Tohoku-Oki M_(W)9.0 earthquake,the co-seismic Coulomb failure stress changes(ΔCFS)on the northern Tanlu fault zone at depths of 0–40 km are calculated.By comparing two sets of results from the spherical earth dislocation theory and the semi-infinite space one,the effect of earth curvature on the calculation results is analyzed quantitatively.First,we systematically summarize previous researches related to the northern Tanlu fault zone,divide the fault zone as detailed as possible,give the geometric parameters of each segment,and establish a segmented structural model of the northern Tanlu fault zone.Second,we calculate the Coulomb stress changes on the northern Tanlu fault zone by using the spherical earth dislocation theory.The result shows the Coulomb stress changes are no more than 0.003 MPa,which proves the great earthquake did not significantly change the stress state of the fault zone.Finally,we quantitatively analyze the disparities between the results of semi-infinite space dislocation theory and the spherical earth one.The average disparity between them is about 7.7%on the northern Tanlu fault zone and is 16.8%on the Fangzheng graben,the maximum disparity on this graben reaches up to 25.5%.It indicates that the effect of earth curvature can not be ignored.So it’s necessary to use the spherical earth dislocation theory instead of the semi-infinite space one to study the Coulomb stress change in the far field.

Polar Vortex Response to Pacific Ocean Warming and Its Additive Nonlinearity with the Indian Ocean

A previous modeling study about Pacific Ocean warming derived polar vortex response signals, by subtracting those in the Indian Ocean warming experiments from those in the Indo-Pacific. This approach questions the resemblance of such an indirectly derived response to one directly forced by Pacific Ocean warming. This is relevant to the additive nonlinearity of atmospheric responses to separated Indian and Pacific Ocean forcing. In the present study, an additional set of ensemble experiments are performed by prescribing isolated SST forcing in the tropical Pacific Ocean to address this issue. The results suggest a qualitative resemblance between responses in the derived and additional experiments. Thus, previous findings about the impact of Indian and Pacific Ocean warming are robust. This study has important implications for future climate change projections, considering the non-unanimous warming rates in tropical oceans in the 21st century. Nevertheless, a comparison of present direct-forced experiments with previous indirect-forced experiments suggests a significant additive nonlinearity between the Indian and Pacific Ocean warmings. Further diagnosis suggests that the nonlinearity may originate from the thermodynamic processes over the tropics.

Simulation of the Northern and Southern Hemisphere Annular Modes by CAMS-CSM

As leading modes of the planetary-scale atmospheric circulation in the extratropics, the Northern Hemisphere(NH)annular mode(NAM) and Southern Hemisphere(SH) annular mode(SAM) are important components of global circulation, and their variabilities substantially impact the climate in mid-high latitudes. A 35-yr(1979-2013) simulation by the climate system model developed at the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences(CAMS-CSM) was carried out based on observed sea surface temperature and sea ice data. The ability of CAMS-CSM in simulating horizontal and vertical structures of the NAM and SAM, relation of the NAM to the East Asian climate, and temporal variability of the SAM is examined and validated against the observational data. The results show that CAMS-CSM captures the zonally symmetric and out-of-phase variations of sea level pressure anomaly between the midlatitudes and polar zones in the extratropics of the NH and SH. The model has also captured the equivalent barotropic structure in tropospheric geopotential height and the meridional shifts of the NH and SH jet systems associated with the NAM and SAM anomalies. Furthermore, the model is able to reflect the variability of northern and southern Ferrel cells corresponding to the NAM and SAM anomalies. The model reproduces the observed relationship of the boreal winter NAM with the East Asian trough and air temperature over East Asia. It also captures the upward trend of the austral summer SAM index during recent decades. However, compared with the observation, the model shows biases in both the intensity and center locations of the NAM's and SAM's horizontal and vertical structures. Specifically, it overestimates their intensities.

对鹤见和子“内发型发展论”的再反思——基于《农村振兴和小城镇问题》

在国际农村发展领域,对乡村内生动力的关注由来已久。20世纪七八十年代,日本学界兴起对“如何激发乡村内生发展动力”问题的讨论,并适时提出“内发型发展”的理论主张,引起了世界范围内对农村发展问题的探讨,同时促进了发展理论的转型。为追本溯源,进一步揭示“内发型发展论”的本质特征,本文回顾了鹤见和子对费孝通、柳田国男两位学者的研究,对比中国“苏南”与日本“大分”两地在探索“内发型发展”的实践过程中各自形成的独特模式,以深入探究“内发型发展”的理论价值与实践意义,这对当下乡村振兴具有重要的参考作用。

On the spring stratospheric final warming in CMIP5 and CMIP6 models

This study evaluates the performance in simulating the stratospheric final warming events(SFWs)that lead to the final collapse of the stratospheric polar vortex in spring in both Southern and Northern Hemispheres(SH and NH,respectively)based on the historical simulations provided by the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phases 5 and 6(CMIP5 and CMIP6,respectively).Overall,CMIP5 and CMIP6 models can reproduce the main characteristics of the occurrence of SFWs.However,the SFW onset date(SFWOD)is 7 and 9 days later than in observations in the SH and NH,respectively.Moreover,the intensity of SFWs in models is 50%to 70%of that in observations.Compared with CMIP5 models,CMIP6 models have an ameliorated capability to simulate NH SFWs.However,this improvement does not manifest as significantly earlier SFW onset,but as more intense stratospheric planetary wave activities before the SFWand as a larger interannual variability of the SFWOD.By contrast,in the SH,the capability of CMIP6 models is roughly unchanged,even deteriorated in the simulation of SFWOD and stratospheric planetary wave activities before the SFW onset.The performance of CMIP6 high-top models is better than that of lowtop models.Specifically,in the NH,high-top models are considerably improved in terms of intensity of circumpolar zonal wind around the SFWOD and stratospheric planetary wave activities before the SFW onset.In the SH,high-top models show fairly earlier SFWOD by 11 days,which is closer to observations.

Asymptotic solving method for a sea air oscillator model of atmospheric physics

In this paper, a class of coupled system for the E1 Nifio/La Nifia southern oscillation （ENSO） atmospheric physics oscillation model is considered. We propose an ENSO atmospheric physics model using a method from the asymptotic theory. It is indicated from the results that the asymptotic method can be used for analyzing the sea surface temperature anomaly and the thermocline depth anomaly of the atmosphere-ocean oscillation for the ENSO model in the equatorial Pacific.

沈乘麐的《韵学骊珠》和曲韵理论

沈乘麐精于度曲,因此,他的《韵学骊珠》专为度曲演唱而作:一是在每一韵目后标明收音方式;二是小韵前皆注明发声部位和出音方式,在同一声调内的小韵还按宫、商、角、徵、羽、变宫、变徵七音分为七类,每一类又分为22种不同的出音方式。这给度曲者提供了具体的借鉴和指导,从而有助于唱准字声。《韵学骊珠》合南北曲韵于一谱,以南曲韵谱为主,依据南方语音的特征,在韵谱框架和编排体例上,对《中原音韵》作出了调整。沈乘麐的发声理论用古代宫、商、角、徵、羽、变宫、变徵七音之名代替喉、牙、舌、齿、唇五个发音部位,不仅涵盖了整个七声音阶,而且对出音方式的描述更为具体,也更加有利于度曲者掌握。

喀斯特地区景观格局变化对生境质量的响应

生境质量是生态系统服务功能和生态系统健康程度的重要体现,厘清喀斯特地区不同景观格局变化下的生境质量情况,对实现生态脆弱区的经济发展和生态保护具有“双赢”的现实意义。文章以南北盘江流域为例,基于InVEST模型研究流域2000-2020年景观格局与生境质量的时空演变特征,并以网格为分析单元,利用GeoDa、SPSS软件对二者的时空响应及关系进行分析,为喀斯特景观格局优化和生态环境保护提供科学依据。结果显示:(1)2000-2020年,南北盘江流域景观转变主要发生在耕地、林地的相互转换及建设用地对耕地的挤占上。研究区景观格局整体向好发展,但除林地外的其他景观地类细碎化程度加深,局部地区景观格局破碎度增强并向着异质化、复杂化方向发展。(2)2000、2010、2020年流域生境质量均值分别为0.7287、0.7275、0.7266,生境处于良好水平,呈轻微下降趋势。空间上生境质量呈“东西低,中南高”的分布特征,低质量区主要集中在南盘江流域上游,北盘江流域生境质量较好,但生境退化度高。(3)景观格局变化是影响生境质量的重要因素,不同景观格局指数与生境质量的相关性及响应程度存在时空差异。该流域景观格局与生境质量均受到冲击,生境质量上升和下降同时存在,生境治理成果难以凸显,在构建环南北盘江流域生态经济协作圈的背景下,还需统筹区域生态保护与建设。

清代论词“南北宋之争”推阐

“南北宋之争”是古代词学批评中颇为重要的命题,清人接踵阐述对该话题的看法,或者推崇北宋词,或者尊尚南宋词,或者抱持兼容并取态度。清初,“南北宋之争”话题蔚然兴起,宋徵璧、朱彝尊、宋荦等人的观点尤具卓识。清中叶,“南北宋之争”呈炽盛情势,吴衡照、王昶、蒋方增等人不断推进相关思考。清末,“南北宋之争”趋于分流与落定,陈廷焯、姚椿、谢章铤等人贡献尤多。在清代众人的不断努力下,“南北宋之争”的边界、外延等方面都逐渐得以确立,推动了清词中兴局面的形成,对古典词论的拓展深化亦裨益甚大。

基于属性理论的城市生态系统健康评价——以重庆市北部新区为例

确定了城市生态系统健康评价指标体系,提出了基于属性理论的城市生态系统健康评价模型及评价方法。以重庆北部新区为对象,运用该模型和方法对重庆北部新区生态系统健康现状进行了评价。结果表明:重庆北部新区城市生态系统现状属于一般健康类;基于评价结果识别健康限制因素,提出了生态系统健康调控措施。

中天山东部南北两缘韧性剪切带变形特征

(1)中天山北缘韧性剪切带除右旋韧剪变形之外,还发育相对较弱的左旋韧剪变形,局部残留加里东晚期的逆冲推覆韧剪变形;右旋韧剪变形的变形温度环境为中-低温,左旋韧剪变形的变形温度环境为高温、中温、中低温及低温。(2)中天山南缘韧性剪切带以右旋韧剪变形为主,兼具左旋韧剪变形;右旋韧剪变形的变形温度环境为中温、中低温、低温,左旋韧剪变形的变形温度环境为高温、中温、中低温及低温。(3)东天山存在一系列右旋韧性剪切带,中天山南北两缘韧性剪切带的构造变形与辛格尔断裂、兴地断裂等右旋韧性剪切带的变形以及塔里木北缘东部晚震旦—早古生代地层的同劈理褶皱变形、南天山泥盆纪地层的变形可能具成因联系。